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The Role of Chaos in Poverty and Children's Socioemotional Adjustment
Abstract
There are growing levels of chaos in the lives of American children, youth, and families. Increasingly, children grow up in households lacking in structure and routine, inundated by background stimulation from noise and crowding, and forced to contend with the frenetic pace of modern life. Although widespread, chaos does not occur randomly in the population. We document that low-income adolescents face higher levels of chaos than their more affluent counterparts and provide longitudinal evidence that some of the adverse effects of poverty on socioemotional adjustment are mediated by exposure to chaotic living conditions.
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“are caused by a common set of social-environmental factors”
From Healthier Students Are Better Learners: A Missing Link in School Reforms to Close the Achievement Gap (2011) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“both education and health can also exert strong, reciprocal effects”
From Healthier Students Are Better Learners: A Missing Link in School Reforms to Close the Achievement Gap (2011) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“Nevertheless, low SES does increase the likelihood of stressors in the home and neighborhood, including also exposure to toxic chemical agents such as lead and air pollution, 119 and chaos in the home is associated with development of poor self-regulatory behaviors, as well as obesity.”
From Neurobiological and Systemic Effects of Chronic Stress (2017) · cites this paper as [120]
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Measuring novel antecedents of mental illness: the Questionnaire of Unpredictability in Childhood
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From future self to current action: An identity-based motivation perspective
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Morris, A. S., Hays-Grudo, J., Zapata, M. I., Treat, A. E., & Kerr, K. L. (2021) · Adversity and Resilience Science · doi:10.1007/s42844-021-00036-8 · Cited by 142
SES and CHAOS as environmental mediators of cognitive ability: A longitudinal genetic analysis
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Doan, S. N., Fuller-Rowell, T. E., & Evans, G. W. (2012) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027815 · Cited by 134
Self-citationInsufficient Sleep and the Socioeconomic Status Achievement Gap
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“107) and Medicaid expansion (t(10,602) = 2.”
BackgroundInfluentialPsychological Costs of Growing Up Poor
Dearing, E. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1425.006 · Cited by 124
Pathways to lifespan health following childhood parental death
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The impact of poverty on the development of brain networks
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“For instance, Evans et al. (2005) have pointed to the role of chaotic unpredictable family environments – a specific aspect of SES, which is usually not analyzed – as a threat to emotion regulation.”
BackgroundEarly exposure to environmental chaos and children's physical and mental health
Coley, R. L., Lynch, A. D., & Kull, M. A. (2015) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2015.03.001 · Cited by 105
“Research has shown that experiences of environmental chaos are especially common among low-income families, with economic, housing, and relational insecurities both contributing to and being affected by poverty (Deater-Deckard et al., 2009; Evans et al., 2005; Newman, 2008).”
BackgroundAdamkovič, M., & Martončik, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01784 · Cited by 104
“The majority of studies addressing poverty and cognitive/ executive functions have traditionally been administered to children (e.g., Evans et al., 2005; Ayoub et al., 2009; Dickerson and Popli, 2016; Kaya et al., 2016), with only a few authors (Shah et al., 2012; Mani et al., 2013) focusing on…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Evans, G. W., Gonnella, C., Marcynyszyn, L. A., Gentile, L., & Salpekar, N.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Evans, Gary W.
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 560-565
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- OpenAlex
- W2056065044
- Cited by
- 709
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 8.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (F31MH068089, 1F31 MH 68089-01A1)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (F33HD008473, 1 F33 HD 08473-01)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- chaos, poverty, social-emotional adjustment, low-income youth, living conditions, household composition, crowding, noise, mediation, child development
- MeSH terms
- Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Helplessness, Learned, Humans, Male, Poverty, Social Adjustment, Socioeconomic Factors
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