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Cited by 613Attachment and Relationship DynamicsChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentInfant Health and Development

The influence of temperament and mothering on attachment and exploration: An experimental manipulation of sensitive responsiveness among lower class mothers with irritable infants

van den Boom, Dymphna C·1994·Child Development
DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00829.x
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Abstract

6-month-old infants selected on irritability shortly after birth and their mothers were randomly assigned to 2 intervention and 2 control groups to test the hypothesis that enhancing maternal sensitive responsiveness will improve quality of mother-infant interaction, infant exploration, and attachment. The intervention lasted 3 months and ended when the child was 9 months of age. When infants were 9 months of age, intervention group mothers were significantly more responsive, stimulating, visually attentive, and controlling of their infant's behavior than control group mothers. Intervention infants had higher scores than control infants on sociability, self-soothing, and exploration, and they cried less. Quality of exploration also improved, with intervention infants engaged in cognitively sophisticated kinds of exploration more than control infants. At 12 months of age, significantly more intervention group dyads were securely attached than control group dyads.

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  • In studies of differential susceptibility, infants and young children with high behavioral reactivity and negative emotionality tend to show optimal regulation in high-quality environments but unfavorable outcomes in low-quality environments.

    “In an increasing number of studies examining the differential susceptibility theory, infants and young children characterized by high levels of behavioral reactivity and negative emotionality are particularly likely to exhibit optimal regulation of behavior in high-quality environments but unfavorable outcomes in low-quality environments (Blair, 2002; Belsky, Hsieh, & Crnic, 1998; van den Boom, 19”

    From Stress and the development of self-regulation in context (2010) · cites this paper as van den Boom, 1994

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Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. Grossmann, K., & Grossmann, K. E. (1982, April). Maternal sensitivity to infants' signals during the frst year as related to the year old's behavior in Ainsworth's Strange Situation in a sample of Northern German families. Paper presented at the International Conference on Infant Studies, Austin, TX.
  2. Koot, J. M.(1988). Relaties tussen sensitiviteit van moeders, de competentie van het kind en gehechtheid: Observatie aan een instructietaak [Relationships between maternal sensitivity, child competence, and attachment: Observation in an instructional situation]. In J. R. M. Gerris & J. van Acker (Eds.), Gezinsrelaties onderzocht (pp. 53-63). Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger.
  3. Lieberman, A. F., & Pawl, J. H. (1990). Disorders of attachment and secure base behavior in the second year of life. In M. T. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E. M. Cummings (Eds.), Attachment in the preschool years: Theory, research, and intervention (pp. 375–397). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  4. Main, M. (1973). Play, exploration and competence as related to child-adult attachment. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.
  5. Maslin, C. A., & Bates, J. E. (1982, May). Anxious attachment as a predictor of disharmony in the mother-toddler relationship. Paper presented at the International Conference on Infant Studies, Austin, TX.
  6. Mey, J. Th. H. (1992). Sociale ondersteuning, gehechtheidskwaliteit en vroegkinderlijke competentie-ontwikkeling [Social support, quality of attachment, and the early development of competence]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Nijmegen.
  7. Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics. (1971). Systematische classificaties: Deel 2. Beroepenclassificaties [Systematic classifications: Vol. 2, Classification of professions]. Voorburg: Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics.
  8. Sroufe, L. A. (1983). Infant-caregiver attachment and adaptation in the preschool: The roots of competence and maladaptation. In M. Perlmutter (Ed.), Minnesota symposium in child development (Vol. 16, pp. 41–81). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  9. Thompson, R. A. (1986). Temperament, emotionality, and infant cognition. In J. V. Lerner & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), New directions for child development: Temperament and social interaction during infancy and childhood (pp. 35– 52). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

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Authors
van den Boom, D. C.
Affiliations
University of Leiden
Venue
Child Development
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
1994-10-01
Volume
65
Issue
5
Pages
1457-1477
ISSN
  • 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-8624
DOI
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00829.x
OpenAlex
W1994300688
Cited by
613
References
82
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 29
FWCI
18.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Child Development (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Infant Health and Development
Keywords
mother-infant interaction, infant irritability, attachment, infant exploration, temperament, maternal care, low-income mothers, intervention, self-soothing, sociability, crying, secure attachment
MeSH terms
Adult, Female, Humans, Infant, Irritable Mood, Male, Maternal Behavior, Mother-Child Relations, Object Attachment, Social Class, Socialization, Temperament, Infant Behavior

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