Considerations Relating to the Study of Group Differences in Intelligence
Abstract
There are signs that the debate over racial and gender differences in intelligence is about to begin again. In this article we will be concerned primarily with racial differences but will make remarks about gender differences where applicable. Previously there have been bitter arguments over whether or not races exist, over whether it is either important or proper to study racial and gender differences in intelligence, and over the conclusions that have been drawn about environmental and genetic causes as determinants of these differences. We argue that races do, indeed, exist and that studying differences in cognitive competence between groups is a reasonable thing to do. We also point out that past research on both racial and gender differences in intelligence has been marked by methodological errors and overgeneralizations by researchers on all sides of the issue. We propose ten principles of design, analysis, and reporting that ought to be considered carefully when doing or evaluating research in this area.
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- Authors
- Hunt, E., & Carlson, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- University of California, Riverside (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hunt, Earl
- Venue
- Perspectives on Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-06
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 194-213
- ISSN
- 1745-6916 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-6924
- OpenAlex
- W2093895507
- Semantic Scholar
- 5d8f3b6cc78a06b48a019320741bcc826dc29c93
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 9.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Perspectives on Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Race, Genetics, and Society
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- racial differences in intelligence, gender differences in intelligence, research design principles
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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