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Leukotrienes and Lipoxins: Structures, Biosynthesis, and Biological Effects
Abstract
Arachidonic acid is released from membrane phospholipids upon cell stimulation (for example, by immune complexes and calcium ionophores) and converted to leukotrienes by a 5-lipoxygenase that also has leukotriene A 4 synthetase activity. Leukotriene A 4, an unstable epoxide, is hydrolyzed to leukotriene B 4 or conjugated with glutathione to yield leukotriene C 4 and its metabolites, leukotriene D 4 and leukotriene E 4. The leukotrienes participate in host defense reactions and pathophysiological conditions such as immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation. Recent studies also suggest a neuroendocrine role for leukotriene C 4 in luteinizing hormone secretion. Lipoxins are formed by the action of 5- and 15-lipoxygenases on arachidonic acid. Lipoxin A causes contraction of guinea pig lung strips and dilation of the microvasculature. Both lipoxin A and B inhibit natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Thus, the multiple interaction of lipoxygenases generates compounds that can regulate specific cellular responses of importance in inflammation and immunity.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Samuelsson, B., Dahlén, S.-E., Lindgren, J. Å., Rouzer, C. A., & Serhan, C. N.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1987-09-04
- Volume
- 237
- Issue
- 4819
- Pages
- 1171-1176
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2024176341
- Cited by
- 2,233
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 47.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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