CD8 T cells contribute to vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in macaques
Open accessAbstract
Spike-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are generally considered key correlates of vaccine protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Recently, robust vaccine prevention of severe disease with SARS-CoV-2 variants that largely escape NAb responses has been reported, suggesting a role for other immune parameters for virologic control. However, direct data demonstrating a role of CD8 + T cells in vaccine protection have not yet been reported. In this study, we show that vaccine-elicited CD8 + T cells contribute substantially to virologic control after SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. We vaccinated 30 macaques with a single immunization of the adenovirus vector–based vaccine Ad26.COV2.S or sham and then challenged them with 5 × 10 5 median tissue culture infectious dose SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) by the intranasal and intratracheal routes. All vaccinated animals were infected by this high-dose challenge but showed rapid virologic control in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage by day 4 after challenge. However, administration of an anti-CD8α– or anti-CD8β–depleting monoclonal antibody in vaccinated animals before SARS-CoV-2 challenge resulted in higher levels of peak and day 4 virus in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. These data demonstrate that CD8 + T cells contribute substantially to vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 replication in macaques.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
CD8+ T cells contribute to virological control of SARS-CoV-2 infection when antibody titres are sub-optimal in non-human primates.
“CD8+ T cells have been shown to contribute to virological control of SARS-CoV-2 infection when antibodies titres were sub-optimal in non-human primates33,34.”
From Efficacy of an unmodified bivalent mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in female small animal models (2023) · cites this paper as [34]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Grifoni, A., Weiskopf, D., Ramirez, S. I., Mateus, J., Dan, J. M., Moderbacher, C. R., Rawlings, S. A., Sutherland, A., Premkumar, L., Jadi, R. S., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015 · Cited by 3,595 · see citing works
Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection.
Dan, J. M., Mateus, J., Kato, Y., Hastie, K. M., Yu, E. D., Faliti, C. E., Grifoni, A., Ramirez, S. I., Haupt, S., Frazier, A., et al. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abf4063 · Cited by 2,656 · see citing works
Safety and Efficacy of Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine against Covid-19
Sadoff, J., Gray, G., Vandebosch, A., Cárdenas, V., Shukarev, G., Grinsztejn, B., Goepfert, P. A., Truyers, C., Fennema, H., Spiessens, B., et al. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2101544 · Cited by 2,397 · see citing works
Self-citationControl of Viremia in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection by CD8 + Lymphocytes
Schmitz, J. E., Kuroda, M. J., Santra, S., Sasseville, V. G., Simon, M. A., Lifton, M. A., Rácz, P., Tenner‐Racz, K., Dalesandro, M. R., Scallon, B. J., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5403.857 · Cited by 2,167 · see citing works
Self-citationAdaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
Sette, A., & Crotty, S. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.007 · Cited by 1,860 · see citing works
Immune correlates analysis of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine efficacy clinical trial
Gilbert, P. B., Montefiori, D. C., McDermott, A. B., Fong, Y., Benkeser, D., Deng, W., Zhou, H., Houchens, C. R., Martins, K., Jayashankar, L., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abm3425 · Cited by 1,137 · see citing works
Self-citationCorrelates of Protection Against SARS-CoV-2 in Rhesus Macaques
McMahan, K., Yu, J., Mercado, N. B., Loos, C., Tostanoski, L. H., Chandrashekar, A., Liu, J., Peter, L., Atyeo, C., Zhu, A., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03041-6 · Cited by 1,068 · see citing works
Self-citationmRNA vaccines induce durable immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern
Goel, R. R., Painter, M. M., Apostolidis, S. A., Mathew, D., Meng, W., Rosenfeld, A. M., Lundgreen, K. A., Reynaldi, A., Khoury, D. S., Pattekar, A., et al. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abm0829 · Cited by 873 · see citing works
Tarke, A., Coelho, C. H., Zhang, Z., Dan, J. M., Yu, E. D., Methot, N., Bloom, N. I., Goodwin, B., Phillips, E., Mallal, S., et al. (2022) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.015 · Cited by 858 · see citing works
Single-Shot Ad26 Vaccine Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 in Rhesus Macaques
Mercado, N. B., Zahn, R., Wegmann, F., Loos, C., Chandrashekar, A., Yu, J., Liu, J., Peter, L., McMahan, K., Tostanoski, L. H., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2607-z · Cited by 789 · see citing works
Self-citationT cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike cross-recognize Omicron
Keeton, R. S., Tincho, M. B., Ngomti, A., Baguma, R., Benede, N., Suzuki, A., Khan, K., Cele, S., Bernstein, M. P., Karim, F., et al. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04460-3 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Omicron Variant in South Africa
Collie, S., Champion, J., Moultrie, H., Bekker, L.-G., & Gray, G. (2022) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc2119270 · Cited by 600 · see citing works
Vaccines elicit highly conserved cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
Liu, J., Chandrashekar, A., Sellers, D., Barrett, J., Jacob-Dolan, C., Lifton, M. A., McMahan, K., Sciacca, M., VanWyk, H., Wu, C., et al. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04465-y · Cited by 451 · see citing works
Self-citationSARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Neutralization after mRNA-1273 Booster Vaccination
Pajon, R., Doria-Rose, N. A., Shen, X., Schmidt, S. D., O’Dell, S., McDanal, C., Feng, W., Tong, J., Eaton, A., Maglinao, M., et al. (2022) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc2119912 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Ferdinands, J. M., Rao, S., Dixon, B. E., Mitchell, P. K., DeSilva, M. B., Irving, S. A., Lewis, N., Natarajan, K., Stenehjem, E., Grannis, S. J., et al. (2022) · MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7107e2 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Ancestral SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells cross-recognize the Omicron variant
Gao, Y., Cai, C., Grifoni, A., Müller, T. R., Niessl, J., Olofsson, A., Humbert, M., Hansson, L., Österborg, A., Bergman, P., et al. (2022) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-022-01700-x · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Divergent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron–reactive T and B cell responses in COVID-19 vaccine recipients
GeurtsvanKessel, C. H., Geers, D., Schmitz, K. S., Mykytyn, A. Z., Lamers, M. M., Bogers, S., Scherbeijn, S. M. J., Gommers, L., Sablerolles, R. S. G., Nieuwkoop, N. N., et al. (2022) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abo2202 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Protection by a Fourth Dose of BNT162b2 against Omicron in Israel
(2022) · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2201570 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Early antibody therapy can induce long-lasting immunity to SHIV
Nishimura, Y., Gautam, R., Chun, T., Sadjadpour, R., Foulds, K. E., Shingai, M., Klein, F., Gazumyan, A., Golijanin, J., Donaldson, M. M., et al. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21435 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in humans
Alter, G., Yu, J.-Y., Liu, J.-Y., Chandrashekar, A., Borducchi, E., Tostanoski, L. H., McMahan, K., Jacob-Dolan, C., Martinez, D. R., Chang, A., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03681-2 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Self-citationAntibody and TLR7 agonist delay viral rebound in SHIV-infected monkeys
Borducchi, E. N., Liu, J., Nkolola, J. P., Cadena, A. M., Yu, W., Fischinger, S., Broge, T. A., Abbink, P., Mercado, N. B., Chandrashekar, A., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0600-6 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Self-citationFourth Dose of BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting
Magen, O., Waxman, J. G., Makov-Assif, M., Vered, R., Dicker, D., Hernán, M. A., Lipsitch, M., Reis, B. Y., Balicer, R. D., & Dagan, N. (2022) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2201688 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Differential Kinetics of Immune Responses Elicited by Covid-19 Vaccines
Collier, A.-R. Y., Yu, J., McMahan, K., Liu, J., Chandrashekar, A., Maron, J. S., Atyeo, C. G., Martinez, D. R., Ansel, J. L., Aguayo, R., et al. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc2115596 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Self-citationComparison of Subgenomic and Total RNA in SARS-CoV-2-Challenged Rhesus Macaques
Dagotto, G., Mercado, N., Martinez, D. R., Hou, Y., Nkolola, J. P., Carnahan, R. H., Crowe, J., Baric, R., & Barouch, D. (2021) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.02370-20 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationYu, J.-Y., Li, Z.-F., He, X., Gebre, M. S., Bondzie, E. A., Wan, H.-H., Jacob-Dolan, C., Martinez, D. R., Nkolola, J. P., Baric, R., et al. (2021) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00044-21 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationImmunogenicity and efficacy of one and two doses of Ad26.COV2.S COVID vaccine in adult and aged NHP
Solforosi, L., Kuipers, H., Jongeneelen, M. A. C., Huber, S. K. R., van der Lubbe, J. E. M., Dekking, L., Czapska-Casey, D. N., Gil, A. I., Baert, M. R. M., Drijver, J., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20202756 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationLow-dose Ad26.COV2.S protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques
He, X., Chandrashekar, A., Zahn, R., Wegmann, F., Yu, J., Mercado, N. B., McMahan, K., Martinot, A. J., Piedra-Mora, C., Beecy, S., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.040 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationProtective efficacy of Ad26.COV2.S against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 in macaques
Yu, J.-Y., Tostanoski, L. H., Mercado, N., McMahan, K., Liu, J.-Y., Jacob-Dolan, C., Chandrashekar, A., Atyeo, C., Martinez, D. R., Anioke, T., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03732-8 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationGray, G., Collie, S., Garrett, N., Goga, A. E., Champion, J., Zylstra, M., Reddy, T., Yende‐Zuma, N., Seocharan, I., Takalani, A., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.12.28.21268436 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Jacob-Dolan, C., Feldman, J. E., McMahan, K., Yu, J., Zahn, R. C., Wegmann, F., Schuitemaker, H., Schmidt, A. G., & Barouch, D. H. (2021) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00117-21 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationHe, X., Aid, M., Chandrashekar, A., Yu, J.-Y., McMahan, K., Wegmann, F., Jacob-Dolan, C., Maron, J. S., Atyeo, C., Wan, H.-H., et al. (2022) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abm4996 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Li, B., Jiang, A. Y., Raji, I. O., Atyeo, C. G., Raimondo, T. M., Gordon, A. G. R., Rhym, L. H., Samad, T. S., MacIsaac, C., Witten, J. J., et al. (2023) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-023-01082-6 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection induces rapid memory and de novo T cell responses
Koutsakos, M., Reynaldi, A., Lee, W. S., Nguyen, J. T., Amarasena, T. H., Taiaroa, G., Kinsella, P. M., Liew, K. C., Tran, T., Kent, H. E., et al. (2023) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.017 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Frerichs, K. A., Verkleij, C. P. M., Mateos, M., Martin, T. G., Rodriguez, C., Nooka, A. K., Banerjee, A., Chastain, K. M., Perales‐Puchalt, A., Stephenson, T., et al. (2023) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011658 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
DNA Vaccines: Their Formulations, Engineering and Delivery
Kozak, M., & Hu, J. (2024) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines12010071 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Arieta, C. M., Xie, Y. J., Rothenberg, D., Diao, H., Harjanto, D., Meda, S., Marquart, K., Koenitzer, B., Sciuto, T. E., Lobo, A., et al. (2023) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.007 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Lim, J. M. E., Hang, S. K., Hariharaputran, S., Chia, A., Tan, N., Lee, E. S., Chng, E., Lim, P. L., Young, B. E., Lye, D. C., et al. (2022) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100793 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
mRNA vaccines: The future of prevention of viral infections?
Rzymski, P., Szuster‐Ciesielska, A., Dzieciątkowski, T., Gwenzi, W., & Fal, A. (2023) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.28572 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Defending against SARS-CoV-2: The T cell perspective
Almendro-Vázquez, P., Laguna‐Goya, R., & Paz‐Artal, E. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107803 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Humoral and cellular immune responses following BNT162b2 XBB.1.5 vaccination
Stankov, M. V., Hoffmann, M., Jauregui, R. G., Cossmann, A., Ramos, G. M., Graalmann, T., Winter, E. J., Friedrichsen, M., Ravens, I., Ilievska, T., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00690-4 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Gagné, M., Flynn, B. J., Andrew, S. F., Marquez, J., Flebbe, D. R., Mychalowych, A., Lamb, E., Davis-Gardner, M. E., Burnett, M. R., Serebryannyy, L., et al. (2024) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-024-01951-5 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationAn mRNA-based T-cell-inducing antigen strengthens COVID-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants
Tai, W., Feng, S., Chai, B., Lu, S., Zhao, G., Chen, D., Yu, W., Ren, L., Shi, H., Lü, J., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38751-8 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Ryan, F. J., Norton, T. S., McCafferty, C., Blake, S. J., Stevens, N. E., James, J., Eden, G. L., Tee, Y. C., Benson, S. C., Masavuli, M. G., et al. (2023) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100971 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 mRNA booster vaccination elicits limited mucosal immunity
Lasrado, N., Rowe, M., McMahan, K., Hachmann, N. P., Miller, J. J., Jacob-Dolan, C., Liu, J., Verrette, B., Gotthardt, K. A., Ty, D., et al. (2024) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adp8920 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationYing, B., Darling, T. L., Desai, P., Liang, C.-Y., Dmitriev, I. P., Soudani, N., Bricker, T. L., Kashentseva, E. A., Harastani, H., Raju, S., et al. (2024) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-024-01743-x · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Olfactory immunology: the missing piece in airway and CNS defence
Wellford, S. A., & Moseman, E. A. (2023) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-023-00972-9 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Follmann, D. A., O’Brien, M. P., Fintzi, J., Fay, M. P., Montefiori, D. C., Mateja, A., Herman, G. A., Hooper, A. T., Turner, K. C., Chan, K.-C., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39292-w · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationPierre, C. N., Adams, L. E., Higgins, J. S., Anasti, K. M., Goodman, D. D., Mielke, D., Stanfield-Oakley, S., Powers, J. M., Li, D., Rountree, W., et al. (2024) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011569 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Intravenous BCG-mediated protection against tuberculosis requires CD4+ T cells and CD8α+ lymphocytes
Simonson, A. W., Zeppa, J. J., Bucşan, A. N., Chao, M. C., Pokkali, S., Hopkins, F. F., Chase, M. R., Vickers, A. J., Sutton, M. S., Winchell, C. G., et al. (2025) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20241571 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Eser, T. M., Baranov, O., Huth, M., Ahmed, M. I. M., Deák, F., Held, K., Lin, L., Pekayvaz, K., Leunig, A., Nicolai, L., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38020-8 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
COVID-19 vaccines: Immune correlates and clinical outcomes
Mahrokhian, S. H., Tostanoski, L. H., Vidal, S. J., & Barouch, D. H. (2024) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2024.2324549 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationWohlwend, J., Nathan, A., Shalon, N., Crain, C. R., Tano-Menka, R., Goldberg, B., Richards, E., Gaiha, G. D., & Barzilay, R. (2025) · Nature Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1038/s42256-024-00971-y · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Waning immunity and IgG4 responses following bivalent mRNA boosting
Lasrado, N., Collier, A.-R. Y., Miller, J. J., Hachmann, N. P., Liu, J., Anand, T., Bondzie, E. A., Fisher, J. L., Mazurek, C. R., Patio, R. C., et al. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adj9945 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationMemory T cells effectively recognize the SARS-CoV-2 hypermutated BA.2.86 variant
Müller, T. R., Gao, Y., Wu, J., Ribeiro, O., Chen, P., Bergman, P., Blennow, O., Hansson, L., Mielke, S., Nowak, P., et al. (2024) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.010 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Müller, T. R., Sekine, T., Trubach, D., Niessl, J., Chen, P., Bergman, P., Blennow, O., Hansson, L., Mielke, S., Nowak, P., et al. (2023) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adg9452 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Olfactory immune response to SARS-CoV-2
Wellford, S. A., & Moseman, E. A. (2023) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-023-01119-5 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Azeem, M. I., Nooka, A. K., Shanmugasundaram, U., Cheedarla, N., Potdar, S. V., Manalo, R. J., Moreno, A., Switchenko, J. M., Cheedarla, S., Doxie, D. B., et al. (2022) · Blood Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0173 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
The Importance of Measuring SARS-CoV-2-Specific T-Cell Responses in an Ongoing Pandemic
Petrone, L., Sette, A., de Vries, R. D., & Goletti, D. (2023) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens12070862 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Laghlali, G., Wiest, M. J., Karadağ, D., Warang, P., O’Konek, J. J., Chang, L. A., Park, S., Yan, V., Farazuddin, M., Janczak, K. W., et al. (2024) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.10.016 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Role of antiviral CD8+ T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination
Karl, V., Hofmann, M., & Thimme, R. (2025) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01350-24 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Innate and adaptive immune response in SARS-CoV-2 infection-Current perspectives
Zhu, Q., Xu, Y., Wang, T., & Xie, F. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1053437 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and predisposing factors
Shen, J., Fan, J., Zhao, Y., Jiang, D., Niu, Z., Zhang, Z., & Cao, G. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159326 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Ivanova, E. N., Shwetar, J., Devlin, J. C., Buus, T. B., Gray-Gaillard, S. L., Koide, A., Cornelius, A. R., Samanovic, M. I., Herrera, A. M., Mimitou, E. P., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Lenart, K., Cerveira, R. A., Hellgren, F., Ols, S., Sheward, D. J., Kim, C., Cagigi, A., Gagné, M., Davis, B. J., Germosen, D., et al. (2024) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-024-00806-2 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Current understanding of T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2
Lu, X., & Yamasaki, S. (2022) · Inflammation and Regeneration · doi:10.1186/s41232-022-00242-6 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Touizer, E., Alrubayyi, A., Ford, R., Hussain, N., Gerber, P., Shum, H.-L., Rees-Spear, C., Muir, L., Gea-Mallorquí, E., Kopycinski, J., et al. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105862 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Ivanova, E. N., Shwetar, J., Devlin, J. C., Buus, T. B., Gray-Gaillard, S. L., Koide, A., Cornelius, A. R., Samanovic, M. I., Herrera, A. M., Mimitou, E. P., et al. (2023) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.108572 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Nie, J., Wang, Q., Li, C., Zhou, Y.-F., Yao, X., Xu, L., Chang, Y., Ding, F., Sun, L., Li, Z., et al. (2023) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202303531 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
van den Dijssel, J., Hagen, R. R., de Jongh, R., Steenhuis, M., Rispens, T., Geerdes, D. M., Mok, J. Y., Kragten, A. H., Duurland, M. C., Verstegen, N. J. M., et al. (2022) · Clinical & Translational Immunology · doi:10.1002/cti2.1423 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Jacob-Dolan, C., Yu, J., McMahan, K., Giffin, V. M., Chandrashekar, A., Martinot, A. J., Anioke, T., Powers, O. C., Hall, K., Hope, D. L., et al. (2023) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-023-00622-0 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationCD4 + and CD8 + T cells are required to prevent SARS-CoV-2 persistence in the nasal compartment
Kar, M., Johnson, K., Vanderheiden, A., Elrod, E. J., Floyd, K. A., Geerling, E., Stone, E. T., Salinas, E., Banakis, S., Wang, W., et al. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adp2636 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Corleis, B., Hoffmann, D., Rauch, S., Fricke, C., Roth, N., Gergen, J., Kovacikova, K., Schlottau, K., Halwe, N. J., Ulrich, L., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36110-1 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Tada, T., Peng, J.-Y., Dcosta, B. M., & Landau, N. R. (2023) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.167306 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Adenoviral-vectored next-generation respiratory mucosal vaccines against COVID-19
Afkhami, S., Kang, A., Jeyanathan, V., Xing, Z., & Jeyanathan, M. (2023) · Current Opinion in Virology · doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101334 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Elliott, T., Cheeseman, H. M., Evans, A. B., Day, S., McFarlane, L. R., O’Hara, J., Kalyan, M., Amini, F., Cole, T., Winston, A., et al. (2022) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1010885 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
O’Meara, T. R., Nanishi, E., McGrath, M. E., Barman, S., Dong, D., Dillen, C. A., Menon, M., Seo, H., Dhe‐Paganon, S., Ernst, R. K., et al. (2023) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2023.06.031 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Dynamical modelling of viral infection and cooperative immune protection in COVID-19 patients
Zhou, Z., Li, D., Zhao, Z., Shi, S., Wu, J., Li, J., Zhang, J., Gui, K., Zhang, Y. L., Ouyang, Q., et al. (2023) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011383 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2: The Interplay Between Evolution and Host Immunity
Case, J. B., Jain, S., Suthar, M. S., & Diamond, M. (2024) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-083122-043054 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Novel mRNA vaccines induce potent immunogenicity and afford protection against tuberculosis
Voss, C. J. D., Marcellus, Li, S., Ateere, A., McShane, H., & Stylianou, E. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1540359 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Wørzner, K., Schmidt, S., Zimmermann, J., Tami, A., Polacek, C., Fernandez-Antunez, C., Hartmann, K. T., Jensen, R. F., Hansen, J. S., Illigen, K. E. E., et al. (2025) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105615 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ye, F., Li, C., Liu, F., Liu, X., Xu, P. H., Luo, R., Song, W., Zheng, Y., Ying, T., Yu, B., et al. (2024) · National Science Review · doi:10.1093/nsr/nwae030 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Durability of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination
Suthar, M. S. (2024) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2024.101884 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Tissue-resident memory T cells contribute to protection against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 challenge
Odle, A. E., Kar, M., Verma, A. K., Sariol, A., Meyerholz, D. K., Suthar, M. S., Wong, L.-Y. R., & Perlman, S. M. (2024) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.184074 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Chen, M., Venturi, V., & Munier, C. M. L. (2023) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology12071035 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Airway surveillance and lung viral control by memory T cells induced by COVID-19 mRNA vaccine
Kingstad-Bakke, B. A., Cleven, T., Bussan, H. E., Yount, B. L., Uraki, R., Iwatsuki‐Horimoto, K., Koga, M., Yamamoto, S., Yotsuyanagi, H., Park, H.-T., et al. (2023) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.172510 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Ying, B., Darling, T. L., Desai, P., Liang, C.-Y., Dmitriev, I. P., Soudani, N., Bricker, T. L., Kashentseva, E. A., Harastani, H., Schmidt, A. G., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.05.04.539332 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Yu, J., Thomas, P. V., Sciacca, M., Wu, C., Liu, J., He, X., Miller, J. J., Hachmann, N. P., Surve, N., McMahan, K., et al. (2023) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101018 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationKumar, A., Tripathi, P., Kumar, P., Shekhar, R., & Pathak, R. (2024) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines12050459 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Qiao, N., Hori, M., Naito, M., Chang, H., Ogura, S., Suzuki, M., Kimura, T., Fukushima, S., Kim, H. J., Uchida, S., et al. (2025) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123515 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Longitudinal monitoring of mRNA-vaccine-induced immunity against SARS-CoV-2
Monzon‐Posadas, W. O., Zorn, J., Peters, K., Baum, M., Proksch, H., Schlüter, C. B., Menting, T., Pušnik, J., & Streeck, H. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1066123 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Benhamouda, N., Besbes, A., Bauer, R., Mabrouk, N., Gadouas, G., Desaint, C., Chevrier, L., Lefebvre, M., Radenne, A., Roelens, M., et al. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110441 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Ahmed, M. I. M., Diepers, P., Janke, C., Plank, M., Eser, T. M., Rubio‐Acero, R., Fuchs, A., Baranov, O., Castelletti, N., Kroidl, I., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026473 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Montoya, B., Melo‐Silva, C. R., Tang, L., Kafle, S., Lidskiy, P., Bajusz, C., Vadovics, M., Muramatsu, H., Ábrahám, E., Lipinszki, Z., et al. (2024) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.04.019 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Malahe, S. R. K., den Hartog, Y., Rietdijk, W. J. R., van Baarle, D., de Kuiper, R., Reijerkerk, D., Ras, A. M., Geers, D., Diavatopoulos, D. A., Messchendorp, A. L., et al. (2023) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1016/j.ajt.2023.05.025 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
T cell control of SARS-CoV-2: When, which, and where?
Diniz, M. O., Maini, M. K., & Swadling, L. (2023) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2023.101828 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Desai, P., Karl, C. E., Ying, B., Liang, C.-Y., García‐Salum, T., Santana, A. C., ten-Caten, F., Urban, J. F., Elbashir, S. M., Edwards, D. K., et al. (2024) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.ado1941 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
CD8+ T cell-based immunotherapy: Promising frontier in human diseases
Ton, N. Q. C., Deka, G., & Park, P. (2025) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2025.116909 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Papanikolaou, C., Rapti, V., Stellas, D., Stefanou, D. T., Syrigos, K., Pavlakis, G. N., & Souliotis, V. L. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10101764 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Thompson, E. A., Ngecu, W., Stoddart, L., Johnston, T. S., Chang, A. Y., Cascino, K., Alejo, J. L., Abedon, A. T., Samaha, H., Rouphael, N., et al. (2023) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.168470 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Underwood, A. P., Sølund, C. S., Jacobsen, K., Binderup, A., Fernandez-Antunez, C., Mikkelsen, L. S., Inekci, D., Villadsen, S. L., Castruita, J. A. S., Pinholt, M., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1353353 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Neale, I., Ali, M., Kronsteiner, B., Longet, S., Abraham, P., Deeks, A. S., Brown, A., Moore, S. C., Stafford, L., Dobson, S. L., et al. (2023) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.01212-23 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Autaa, G., Papagno, L., Nogimori, T., Boizard-Moracchini, A., Korenkov, D. A., Roy, M., Suzuki, K., Masuta, Y., White, E., Llewellyn‐Lacey, S., et al. (2025) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.180867 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Berry, N. J., Mee, E. T., Almond, N. M., & Rose, N. J. (2024) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms12010155 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Gagné, M., Flynn, B. J., Andrew, S. F., Flebbe, D. R., Mychalowych, A., Lamb, E., Davis-Gardner, M. E., Burnett, M. R., Serebryannyy, L., Lin, B. C., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.11.06.565765 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationden Hartog, Y., Malahe, S. R. K., Rietdijk, W. J. R., Dieterich, M., Gommers, L., Geers, D., Bogers, S., van Baarle, D., Diavatopoulos, D. A., Messchendorp, A. L., et al. (2023) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-023-00664-4 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Simonson, A. W., Zeppa, J. J., Bucşan, A. N., Chao, M. C., Pokkali, S., Hopkins, F. F., Chase, M. R., Vickers, A. J., Sutton, M. S., Winchell, C. G., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.05.14.594183 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Design of a Multi-Valent SARS-CoV-2 Peptide Vaccine for Broad Immune Protection via Deep Learning
Feng, Z., Pang, X., Xu, Q., Gu, Z., Li, S., Zhu, L., & Li, H. (2025) · Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.025 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
LSDV-Vectored SARS-CoV-2 S and N Vaccine Protects against Severe Clinical Disease in Hamsters
de Moor, W. R. J., Williamson, A., Schäfer, G., Douglass, N., Gers, S., Sutherland, A. D., Blumenthal, M. J., Margolin, E., Shaw, M., Preiser, W., et al. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15071409 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Cottignies-Calamarte, A., Marteau, F., He, F., Belouzard, S., Dubuisson, J., Tudor, D., Viollet, B., & Bomsel, M. (2025) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00394-25 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ying, B., Liang, C.-Y., Desai, P., Scheaffer, S. M., Elbashir, S. M., Edwards, D. K., Thackray, L. B., & Diamond, M. (2024) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00574-24 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Pinto, P. B. A., Timis, J., Chuensirikulchai, K., Li, Q. H., Lu, H.-H., Maule, E., Nguyen, M. N., Alves, R. P. D. S., Verma, S. K., Ana‐Sosa‐Batiz, F., et al. (2024) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-024-01043-3 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Act Early and at the Right Location: SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Kinetics and Tissue Localization
Bertoletti, A., Bert, N. L., & Tan, A. T. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms231810679 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Zhao, Z., Kumánovics, A., Love, T., Melanson, S. E. F., Meng, Q. H., Wu, A. H. B., Wiencek, J. R., Apple, F. S., Ondracek, C. R., Koch, D. D., et al. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15030709 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Benoit, J. M., Breznik, J. A., Ang, J. C., Bhakta, H., Huynh, A., Cowbrough, B., Baker, B., Heessels, L., Lodhi, S., Yan, E., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50263-5 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Song, N., Chakravarthy, K. B., Jeon, H., Bolyard, C. M., Reynolds, K., Weller, K. P., Reisinger, S. A., Wang, Y., Li, A., Jiang, S., et al. (2024) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2023-007922 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, Y., Hu, C., Wang, Z., Su, J., Wang, S., Li, B., Liu, X., Yuan, Z., Li, D., Wang, H., et al. (2023) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens12101254 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Jeon, J. H., Kim, S., Kim, S., Shin, K., Park, B., Chang, S., Kang, C., Kim, Y.-J., Park, J., Youk, S., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1597417 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Engineering immunosuppressive drug-resistant armored (IDRA) SARS-CoV-2 T cells for cell therapy
Chen, Q., Chia, A., Hang, S. K., Lim, A., Koh, W. K., Peng, Y., Gao, F., Chen, J., Ho, Z., Wai, L., et al. (2023) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-023-01080-3 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lenart, K., Feuerstein, H., Marmorato, M. P., Vidakovics, L. P., McInerney, G. M., Guebre‐Xabier, M., Trost, J. F., Eriksson, B., Smith, G., Patel, N., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60885-0 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Kunishima, Y., Senpuku, K., Kataoka-Nakamura, C., Hirai, T., & Yoshioka, Y. (2025) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2025.102731 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Five discoveries about COVID-19 made since the public health emergency ended
Johnson, B. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/d41591-023-00084-w · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Kachko, A. V., Selvaraj, P., Liu, S., Kim, J., Rotstein, D. S., Stauft, C. B., Chabot, S., Rajasagi, N. K., Zhao, Y., Wang, T. T., et al. (2023) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.052 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Antibody-mediated depletion of select leukocyte subsets in blood and tissue of nonhuman primates
Sutton, M. S., Bucşan, A. N., Lehman, C. C., Kamath, M., Pokkali, S., Magnani, D. M., Seder, R. A., Darrah, P. A., & Roederer, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359679 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Koopman, G., Mooij, P., Gaudino, M., Acar, R. F., Irrgang, P., Russ, A., Blankenstein, D., Fagrouch, Z. C., Mortier, D., Böszörményi, K. P., et al. (2025) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-025-01307-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hsieh, M.-S., Hsu, C.-W., Liao, H., Lin, C.-L., Chiang, C.-Y., Chen, M., Liu, S., Liao, C., & Chen, H. (2024) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01546-23 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Pather, S., Charpentier, N., van den Ouweland, F., Rizzi, R., Finlayson, A., Salisch, N. C., Muik, A., Lindemann, C., Khanim, R., Abdul-Jawad, S., et al. (2024) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126165 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Florian, D. M., Bauer, M. W., Popovitsch, A., Faé, I., Springer, D. N., Graninger, M., Traugott, M. T., Weseslindtner, L., Aberle, S. W., Fischer, G., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1501704 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Nguyen, H. O., Cabral-Piccin, M. P., Appay, V., & Papagno, L. (2025) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines13070729 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Early T cell responses correlate with SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance
Koutsakos, M., & Juno, J. A. (2025) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105880 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Performance of an interferon-γ release assay-based test for cell-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2
Brito, L. F., Tödter, S., Kottlau, J., Cermann, K., Spier, A., Petersen, E. L., Schäfer, I., Twerenbold, R., Aepfelbacher, M., Lütgehetmann, M., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1069968 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Liu, J., Yu, J., McMahan, K., Jacob-Dolan, C., He, X., Giffin, V., Wu, C., Sciacca, M., Powers, O., Nampanya, F., Miller, J., Lifton, M., Hope, D., Hall, K., Hachmann, N. P., Chung, B., Anioke, T., Li, W., Muench, J., Gamblin, A., Boursiquot, M., Cook, A., Lewis, M. G., Andersen, H., & Barouch, D. H.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- University of Massachusetts Lowell (US)
- Bioqual (US)
- Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Jinyan
- Yu, Jingyou
- McMahan, Katherine
- Jacob-Dolan, Catherine
- He, Xuan
- Giffin, Victoria
- Barouch, Dan H.
- ORCID
- Liu, Jinyan
- Yu, Jingyou
- McMahan, Katherine
- Jacob-Dolan, Catherine
- He, Xuan
- Giffin, Victoria
- Wu, Cindy
- Powers, Olivia
- Nampanya, Felix
- Miller, Jessica
- Lifton, Michelle
- Hope, David
- Hachmann, Nicole P.
- Chung, Benjamin
- Anioke, Tochi
- Li, Wenjun
- Muench, Jeanne
- Gamblin, Adrienne
- Boursiquot, Mona
- Cook, Anthony
- Lewis, Mark G.
- Andersen, Hanne
- Barouch, Dan H.
- Venue
- Science Immunology
- Published
- 2022-11-25
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 77
- Pages
- eabq7647-eabq7647
- ISSN
- 2470-9468 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9407944
- OpenAlex
- W4290774080
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 15.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Science Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (#75N93021C00014)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Keywords
- CD8+ T cells, SARS-CoV-2, adenovirus vector vaccine, Ad26.COV2-S, rhesus monkeys, Delta variant, viral load control, respiratory infections
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Ad26COVS1, Animals, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Viral Vaccines, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
