Immune correlates analysis of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine efficacy clinical trial
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Abstract
Antibody levels predict vaccine efficacy: Symptomatic COVID-19 infection can be prevented by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines. A “correlate of protection” is a molecular biomarker to measure how much immunity is needed to fight infection and is key for successful global immunization programs. Gilbert et al . determined that antibodies are the correlate of protection in vaccinated individuals enrolled in the Moderna COVE phase 3 clinical trial (see the Perspective by Openshaw). By measuring binding and neutralizing antibodies against the viral spike protein, the authors found that the levels of both antibodies correlated with the degree of vaccine efficacy. The higher the antibody level, the greater the protection afforded by the messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. Antibody levels that predict mRNA vaccine efficacy can therefore be used to guide vaccine regimen modifications and support regulatory approvals for a broader spectrum of the population. —PNK
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Neutralizing antibodies are one of the key parameters correlating with the observed protective efficacy of the first-generation SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine CVnCoV and a licensed COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.
“Neutralizing antibodies in the sera of the participants will be assessed since they have been identified as one of the key parameters correlating with the observed protective efficacy of the first generation SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine CVnCoV27, and a licensed COVID-19 mRNA vaccine28.”
From Efficacy of an unmodified bivalent mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in female small animal models (2023) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Gilbert, P. B., Montefiori, D. C., McDermott, A. B., Fong, Y., Benkeser, D., Deng, W., Zhou, H., Houchens, C. R., Martins, K., Jayashankar, L., Castellino, F., Flach, B., Lin, B. C., O’Connell, S., McDanal, C., Eaton, A., Sarzotti-Kelsoe, M., Lu, Y., Yu, C., Borate, B., van der Laan, L. W. P., Hejazi, N. S., Huynh, C., Miller, J., El Sahly, H. M., Baden, L. R., Baron, M., De La Cruz, L., Gay, C., Kalams, S., Kelley, C. F., Andrasik, M. P., Kublin, J. G., Corey, L., Neuzil, K. M., Carpp, L. N., Pajon, R., Follmann, D., Donis, R. O., Koup, R. A., Immune Assays Team§, Moderna, I. T., Coronavirus Vaccine Prevention Network (CoVPN)/Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE) Team§, & United States Government (USG)/CoVPN Biostatistics Team§
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Duke University (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Moderna Therapeutics (United States) (US)
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (US)
- Department of Surgery and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Palm Beach Research Center (US)
- Keystone Vitalink Research, Greenville, SC, USA.
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Moderna, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, Washington, DC, USA.
- Corresponding author
- Gilbert, Peter B.
- Montefiori, David C.
- McDermott, Adrian B.
- Koup, Richard A.
- ORCID
- Gilbert, Peter B.
- Montefiori, David C.
- McDermott, Adrian B.
- Fong, Youyi
- Benkeser, David
- Deng, Weiping
- Houchens, Christopher R.
- Martins, Karen
- Jayashankar, Lakshmi
- Castellino, Flora
- Lin, Bob C.
- O’Connell, Sarah
- McDanal, Charlene
- Eaton, Amanda
- Lu, Yiwen
- Yu, Chenchen
- Borate, Bhavesh
- Hejazi, Nima S.
- Miller, Jacqueline
- El Sahly, Hana M.
- Baden, Lindsey R.
- Baron, Mira
- Gay, Cynthia
- Kalams, Spyros
- Kelley, Colleen F.
- Andrasik, Michele P.
- Kublin, James G.
- Corey, Lawrence
- Neuzil, Kathleen M.
- Carpp, Lindsay N.
- Follmann, Dean
- Donis, Ruben O.
- Koup, Richard A.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2022-01-07
- Volume
- 375
- Issue
- 6576
- Pages
- 43-50
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC8366808
- OpenAlex
- W3217661335
- Cited by
- 1,137
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 114 · 2024: 197 · 2023: 278 · 2022: 412 · 2021: 69
- FWCI
- 123.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- National Institutes of Health (1s10od028685-01, UL1TR002384)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (S10AI174104, U01AI068635, UM1AI068614, UM1AI068635, UM1AI148575, UM1AI069476, R37AI054165, UM1AI148684, UM1AI069412)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Keywords
- mRNA-1273 vaccine, COVID-19 vaccine efficacy, SARS-CoV-2, neutralizing antibodies, binding antibodies, correlates of protection, vaccine immunogenicity, vaccine approval
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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