Cited by 43Antifungal resistance and susceptibilityFungal and yeast genetics researchFungal Infections and Studies

Deletion of ADA2 Increases Antifungal Drug Susceptibility and Virulence in Candida glabrata

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Yu, Shang-Jie, Chang, Ya-Lin, Chen, Ying-Lien·2018·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Abstract

Candida glabrata , the second most frequent cause of candidiasis after Candida albicans , is an emerging human fungal pathogen that is intrinsically drug tolerant. Currently, studies of C. glabrata genes involved in drug tolerance are limited. Ada2, a component serving as a transcription adaptor of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA) complex, is required for antifungal drug tolerance and virulence in C. albicans . However, its roles in C. glabrata remain elusive. In this study, we found that ada2 mutants demonstrated severe growth defects at 40°C but only mild defects at 37°C or 25°C. In addition, C. glabrata ada2 mutants exhibited pleiotropic phenotypes, including susceptibility to three classes of antifungal drugs (i.e., azoles, echinocandins, and polyenes) and cell wall-perturbing agents but resistance to the endoplasmic reticulum stressor tunicamycin. According to RNA sequence analysis, the expression of 43 genes was downregulated and the expression of 442 genes was upregulated in the ada2 mutant compared to their expression in the wild type. C. glabrata ADA2 , along with its downstream target ERG6 , controls antifungal drug tolerance and cell wall integrity. Surprisingly, ada2 mutants were hypervirulent in a murine model of systemic infection, possibly due to the upregulation of multiple adhesin-like genes, increased agar invasion, and overstimulation of murine tumor necrosis factor alpha production.

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  • EPA-family adhesins facilitate C. glabrata attachment to host epithelial cells and assist in macrophage entry.

    “These adhesins facilitate C. glabrata attachment to host epithelial cells and assist in macrophage entry [25].”
  • Deletion of the transcriptional co-activator CgAda2 conferred resistance to the ER stressor tunicamycin and hypervirulence in immunocompromised mice.

    “Contrarily, deletion of the transcriptional co-activator CgAda2 conferred resistance to the ER stressor, tunicamycin, and hypervirulence in the immunocompromised mice [98].”

    From Candida glabrata: A Lot More Than Meets the Eye (2019) · cites this paper as [98]

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  1. [53]Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2008. Reference methods for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts: approved standard, 2nd ed Document M27-A3. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA. [Google Scholar] Associated Data This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article. Supplementary Materials Supplemental material supp_62_3_e01924-17__index.html (801B, html)

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Authors
Yu, S.-J., Chang, Y.-L., & Chen, Y.-L.
Affiliations
National Taiwan University (TW)
Venue
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Published
2018-03
Volume
62
Issue
3
ISSN
  • 0066-4804 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-6596
OpenAlex
W2782285131
Cited by
43
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1
FWCI
3.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (102-2320-B-002-041-MY2, 104-2320-B-002-063-MY3, 106-2923-B-002-001-MY3)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
Keywords
Candida glabrata, ADA2, antifungal drug tolerance, virulence, SAGA complex, ERG6, cell wall integrity, tunicamycin resistance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, gene expression profiling, TNF-α, systemic candidiasis, temperature sensitivity
MeSH terms
Animals, Antifungal Agents, Candidiasis, Cell Wall, Fungal Proteins, Male, Mice, Inbred ICR, Virulence, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Candida glabrata, Mice

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