Cited by 266SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchCOVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesSARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody Titers in the Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

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Crawford, Katharine H D, Dingens, Adam S, Eguia, Rachel, Wolf, Caitlin R, Wilcox, Naomi, Logue, Jennifer K, Shuey, Kiel, Casto, Amanda M +7 more·2021·The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Abstract

Most individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develop neutralizing antibodies that target the viral spike protein. In this study, we quantified how levels of these antibodies change in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection by examining longitudinal samples collected approximately 30–152 days after symptom onset from a prospective cohort of 32 recovered individuals with asymptomatic, mild, or moderate-severe disease. Neutralizing antibody titers declined an average of about 4-fold from 1 to 4 months after symptom onset. This decline in neutralizing antibody titers was accompanied by a decline in total antibodies capable of binding the viral spike protein or its receptor-binding domain. Importantly, our data are consistent with the expected early immune response to viral infection, where an initial peak in antibody levels is followed by a decline to a lower plateau. Additional studies of long-lived B cells and antibody titers over longer time frames are necessary to determine the durability of immunity to SARS-CoV-2.

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Authors
Crawford, K. H. D., Dingens, A. S., Eguia, R., Wolf, C. R., Wilcox, N., Logue, J. K., Shuey, K., Casto, A. M., Fiala, B., Wrenn, S., Pettie, D., King, N. P., Greninger, A. L., Chu, H. Y., & Bloom, J. D.
Affiliations
  • University of Washington (US)
  • Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
  • Chu, Helen Y
  • Bloom, Jesse D
Venue
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Published
2020-09-30
Volume
223
Issue
2
Pages
197-205
ISSN
  • 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-6613
OpenAlex
W3091039991
Cited by
265
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 120 · 2020: 21
FWCI
7.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI141707, F30AI149928)
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1156262)
  • Burroughs Wellcome Fund
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, neutralizing antibodies, antibody titer decline, spike protein, receptor binding domain, humoral immune response, long-term immunity, asymptomatic infection
MeSH terms
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Viral, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, Young Adult, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

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