The role of mast cells in functional GI disorders
Open accessAbstract
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are characterized by chronic complaints arising from disorganized brain-gut interactions leading to dysmotility and hypersensitivity. The two most prevalent FGIDs, affecting up to 16–26% of worldwide population, are functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. Their etiopathogenic mechanisms remain unclear, however, recent observations reveal low-grade mucosal inflammation and immune activation, in association with impaired epithelial barrier function and aberrant neuronal sensitivity. These findings come to challenge the traditional view of FGIDs as pure functional disorders, and relate the origin to a tangible organic substrate. The mucosal inflammatory infiltrate is dominated by mast cells, eosinophils and intraepithelial lymphocytes in the intestine of FGIDs. It is well established that mast cell activation can generate epithelial and neuro-muscular dysfunction and promote visceral hypersensitivity and altered motility patterns in FGIDs, postoperative ileus, food allergy and inflammatory bowel disease. This review will discuss the role of mucosal mast cells in the gastrointestinal tract with a specific focus on recent advances in disease mechanisms and clinical management in irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia.
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- Authors
- Wouters, M. M., Vicario, M., & Santos, J.
- Affiliations
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
- Neuro-immuno-gastroenterology Laboratory, Digestive Diseases Research Unit. Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron & Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2015-07-20
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 155-168
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- OpenAlex
- W1897161389
- Cited by
- 308
- References
- 144
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (1248513 N)
- Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CP10/00502 &, CP10/00502, PI14/, PI11/00716 &, PI11/00716, PI14/00944, PI13/00935)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CB06/04/0021)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/00935, CB06/04/0021, PI11/, PI14/)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Mast cells and histamine
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Keywords
- mast cells, functional gastrointestinal disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, visceral hypersensitivity, intestinal motility, mucosal inflammation, epithelial barrier function, eosinophils, intraepithelial lymphocytes, gut-brain axis, postoperative ileus, food allergy, inflammatory bowel disease
- MeSH terms
- Dyspepsia, Gastrointestinal Motility, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Intestinal Mucosa, Mast Cells, Phenotype, Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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