Cited by 3,481Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsNuclear Receptors and SignalingDeep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The relevance of the Lewy body to the pathogenesis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Open access

Gibb, W R, Lees, A J·1988·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

DOI 10.1136/jnnp.51.6.745PMC PMC1033142

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

The Lewy body is a distinctive neuronal inclusion that is always found in the substantia nigra and other specific brain regions in Parkinson's disease. It is mainly composed of structurally altered neurofilament, and occurs wherever there is excessive loss of neurons. It occurs in some elderly individuals and rarely in other degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. In 273 brains of patients dying from disorders other than Parkinson's disease, the age-specific prevalence of Lewy bodies increased from 3.8% to 12.8% between the sixth and ninth decades. Associated pathological findings suggest that these cases of incidental Lewy body disease are presymptomatic cases of Parkinson's disease, and confirm the importance of age (time) in the evolution of the disease. In view of the common and widespread occurrence of this disorder we propose that endogenous mechanisms operating in early life may be more important than environmental agents in the pathogenesis of Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1136/jnnp.51.6.745

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Brain dopamine and the syndromes of Parkinson and Huntington Clinical, morphological and neurochemical correlations
Bernheimer, H., Birkmayer, W., Hornykiewicz, O., Jellinger, K. A., & SEITELBERGER, F. (1973) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(73)90175-5 · Cited by 2,650
Basal forebrain neurons in the dementia of Parkinson disease
Whitehouse, P. J., Hedreen, J. C., White, C. L., & Price, D. L. (1983) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410130304 · Cited by 535
AETIOLOGY OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Calne, D., & Langston, J. W. (1983) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90802-4 · Cited by 469
Diffuse type of Lewy body disease: progressive dementia with abundant cortical Lewy bodies and senile changes of varying degree--a new disease?
Kosaka, K., Yoshimura, M., Ikeda, K., & Budka, H. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 401
Locus ceruleus lesions and eosinophilic inclusions in MPTP‐treated monkeys
Forno, L. S., Langston, J. W., DeLanney, L. E., Irwin, I., & Ricaurte, G. A. (1986) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410200403 · Cited by 351
Parkinson's disease in 65 pairs of twins and in a set of quadruplets
Ward, C. D., Duvoisin, R. C., Ince, S. E., Nutt, J., Eldridge, R., & Calne, D. B. (1983) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.33.7.815 · Cited by 347
PHASE AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF LEWY BODIES AND MELANIN GRANULES IN THE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA AND LOCUS CAERULEUS IN PARKINSONʼS DISEASE
Duffy, P. E., & Tennyson, V. M. (1965) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/00005072-196507000-00003 · Cited by 345
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LEWY BODY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF IDIOPATHIC PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Gibb, W. R. G., & Lees, A. J. (1989) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.1989.tb01147.x · Cited by 325
Self-citation
Esophageal Lewy bodies associated with ganglion cell loss in achalasia
Qualman, S. J., Haupt, H. M., Yang, P. H., & Hamilton, S. R. (1984) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(84)90079-9 · Cited by 305
Esophageal Lewy bodies associated with ganglion cell loss in achalasia. Similarity to Parkinson's disease.
Qualman, S. J., Haupt, H. M., Yang, P. H., & Hamilton, S. R. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 295

Show all 39 references

Research works printed but not linked: 7

Gibb WRG. The Lewy body and Parkinson's disease. In: Clifford Rose F, ed. Parkinson's Disease: Clinical and Experimental Advances. London: John Libbey and Co, 1987:3-11.
Oppenheimer D. Neuropathology of progressive autonomic failure. In: Bannister R, ed. Autonomic failure. Oxford University Press, London, 1983:267-83.
Sigwald J, Lapresle J, Raverdy P, Recondo NJ. Atrophie cerebelleuse familiale avec association de lesions nigeriennes et spinales. Presse Med 1964;72:557-62.
Vogt C, Vogt 0. Erkrankungen der GroBhirnrinde im Lichte der Topistik, Pathoklise und Pathoarchitektonik. J Psychol Neurol 1922;28:1-171.
Hamada S, Ishii T. The Lewy body in the brain of the aged. Adv Neurol Sci 1963;7:184-6.
Hirai S. Ageing of the substantia nigra. Adv Neurol Sci 1968;12:845-9.
Hassler R. Zur Pathologie der Paralysis agitans und des postenzephalitischen Parkinsonismus. J Psychol Neurol 1938;48:387-476.

Sorted by citations

Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases.
Hughes, A. J., Daniel, S. E., Kilford, L., & Lees, A. J. (1992) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.55.3.181 · Cited by 10,378
Self-citation
MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson’s disease
Postuma, R. B., Berg, D., Stern, M., Poewe, W., Olanow, C. W., Oertel, W., Obeso, J., Marek, K., Litvan, I., Lang, A. E., et al. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26424 · Cited by 7,653
Parkinson's disease
Kalia, L. V., & Lang, A. E. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61393-3 · Cited by 6,184
Parkinson's disease: clinical features and diagnosis
Jankovic, J. (2008) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.131045 · Cited by 5,720
Parkinson's Disease
Dauer, W., & Przedborski, S. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00568-3 · Cited by 5,469
Parkinson disease
Poewe, W., Seppi, K., Tanner, C. M., Halliday, G. M., Brundin, P., Volkmann, J., Schrag, A.-E., & Lang, A. E. (2017) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.13 · Cited by 5,415
Overdependence on degraded gist memory in Alzheimer's disease.
Gallo, D. A., Shahid, K. R., Olson, M. A., Solomon, T. M., Schacter, D. L., & Budson, A. E. (2006) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.20.6.625 · Cited by 4,757
AGEING AND PARKINSON'S DISEASE: SUBSTANTIA NIGRA REGIONAL SELECTIVITY
FEARNLEY, J. M., & LEES, A. J. (1991) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/114.5.2283 · Cited by 3,529
Self-citation
Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson Disease
Gelb, D. J., Oliver, E., & Gilman, S. (1999) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.56.1.33 · Cited by 2,822
Diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: Movement Disorder Society Task Force guidelines
Litvan, I., Goldman, J. G., Tröster, A. I., Schmand, B. A., Weintraub, D., Petersen, R. C., Mollenhauer, B., Adler, C. H., Marder, K., Williams‐Gray, C. H., et al. (2012) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.24893 · Cited by 2,609
Multicenter Analysis of Glucocerebrosidase Mutations in Parkinson's Disease
Sidransky, E., Nalls, M. A., Aasly, J. O., Aharon-Peretz, J., Annesi, G., Barbosa, E. R., Bar-Shira, A., Berg, D., Bras, J., Brice, A., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0901281 · Cited by 2,135
Oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease
Jenner, P. (2003) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10483 · Cited by 2,053
Parkinson's Disease
Lang, A. E., & Lozano, A. M. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199810083391506 · Cited by 2,072
Parkinson's disease
Lees, A. J., Hardy, J., & Revesz, T. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60492-x · Cited by 1,956
Self-citation
Electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease.
Limousin, P., Krack, P., Pollak, P., Benazzouz, A., Ardouin, C., Hoffmann, D., & Benabid, A. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199810153391603 · Cited by 2,030
Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Dugger, B. N., & Dickson, D. W. (2017) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a028035 · Cited by 1,665
Alpha-synuclein and neurodegenerative diseases
Goedert, M. (2001) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/35081564 · Cited by 1,428
What contributes to quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease?
Schrag, A. E. (2000) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.69.3.308 · Cited by 1,420
Variable expression of Parkinson's disease
Jankovic, J. J., McDermott, M., Carter, J., Gauthier, S. G., Goetz, C. G., Golbe, L. I., Huber, S. J., Koller, W. C., Olanow, C. W., Shoulson, I., et al. (1990) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.40.10.1529 · Cited by 1,285
A Five-Year Study of the Incidence of Dyskinesia in Patients with Early Parkinson's Disease Who Were Treated with Ropinirole or Levodopa
Rascol, O., Brooks, D. J., Korczyn, A. D., De Deyn, P. P., Clarke, C. E., & Lang, A. E. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200005183422004 · Cited by 1,539
The accuracy of diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes in a specialist movement disorder service
Hughes, A. J., Daniel, S. E., Ben‐Shlomo, Y., & Lees, A. J. (2002) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awf080 · Cited by 1,258
Self-citation
Rivastigmine for Dementia Associated with Parkinson's Disease
Emre, M., Aarsland, D., Albanese, A., Byrne, E. J., Deuschl, G., Deyn, P. P. D., Durif, F., Kulisevsky, J., van Laar, T., Lees, A. J., et al. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa041470 · Cited by 1,219
Self-citation
Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson's disease: a review of the evidence
Wirdefeldt, K., Adami, H.-O., Cole, P., Trichopoulos, D., & Mandel, J. (2011) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-011-9581-6 · Cited by 1,199
Alterations in glutathione levels in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders affecting basal ganglia
Sian, J., Dexter, D. T., Lees, A. J., Daniel, S., Agid, Y., Javoy‐Agid, F., Jenner, P., & Marsden, C. D. (1994) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410360305 · Cited by 1,161
Self-citation
Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases
Klein, M. O., Battagello, D. S., Cardoso, A. R., Hauser, D. N., Bittencourt, J. C., & Correa, R. G. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-018-0632-3 · Cited by 1,073
The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease
Morris, H. R., Spillantini, M. G., Sue, C. M., & Williams‐Gray, C. H. (2024) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01478-2 · Cited by 1,164
Parkinson's disease: a dual‐hit hypothesis
Hawkes, C. H., Del Tredici, K., & Braak, H. (2007) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.2007.00874.x · Cited by 1,021
SIC Task Force appraisal of clinical diagnostic criteria for parkinsonian disorders
Litvan, I., Bhatia, K. P., Burn, D. J., Goetz, C. G., Lang, A. E., McKeith, I. G., Quinn, N. P., Sethi, K. D., Shults, C. W., & Wenning, G. K. (2003) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.10459 · Cited by 1,011
The impact of non‐motor symptoms on health‐related quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease
Martínez‐Martín, P., Rodríguez‐Blázquez, C., Kurtis, M. M., Chaudhuri, К. R., & on Behalf of the NMSS Validation Group (2011) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23462 · Cited by 1,043
Neuropathological assessment of Parkinson’s disease: refining the diagnostic criteria
Dickson, D. W., Braak, H., Duda, J. E., Duyckaerts, C., Gasser, T., Halliday, G. M., Hardy, J., Leverenz, J. B., Del Tredici, K., Wszolek, Z. K., et al. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70238-8 · Cited by 972
The distinct cognitive syndromes of Parkinson's disease: 5 year follow-up of the CamPaIGN cohort
Williams‐Gray, C. H., Evans, J., Goris, A., Foltynie, T., Ban, M., Robbins, T. W., Brayne, C., Kolachana, B. S., Weinberger, D. R., Sawcer, S. J., et al. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp245 · Cited by 1,017
A Clinicopathologic Study of 100 Cases of Parkinson's Disease
Hughes, A. J., Daniel, S. E., Blankson, S., & Lees, A. J. (1993) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1993.00540020018011 · Cited by 945
Self-citation
Evolution of cognitive dysfunction in an incident Parkinson's disease cohort
Williams‐Gray, C. H., Foltynie, T., Brayne, C., Robbins, T. W., & Barker, R. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm111 · Cited by 935
The diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease
Tolosa, E., Wenning, G., & Poewe, W. (2006) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(05)70285-4 · Cited by 902
Past, present, and future of Parkinson's disease: A special essay on the 200th Anniversary of the Shaking Palsy
Obeso, J. A., Stamelou, M., Goetz, C. G., Poewe, W., Lang, A. E., Weintraub, D., Burn, D., Halliday, G. M., Bezard, E., Przedborski, S., et al. (2017) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.27115 · Cited by 859
Frequency of Bowel Movements and the Future Risk of Parkinson’s Disease
Abbott, R. D., Petrovitch, H., White, L. R., Masaki, K. H., Tanner, C. M., Curb, J. D., Grandinetti, A., Blanchette, P. L., Popper, J. S., & Ross, G. W. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.57.3.456 · Cited by 839
Assessment of autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: The SCOPA‐AUT
Jeukens‐Visser, M., Marinus, J., Stiggelbout, A. M., & van Hilten, J. J. (2004) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.20153 · Cited by 841
Slower progression of Parkinson's disease with ropinirole versus levodopa: The REAL‐PET study
Whone, A. L., Watts, R. L., Stoessl, A. J., Davis, M. R., Reske, S. N., Nahmias, C., Lang, A. E., Rascol, O., Ribeiro, M. J., Rémy, P., et al. (2003) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10609 · Cited by 831
Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of Parkinson disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Rizzo, G., Copetti, M., Arcuti, S., Martino, D., Fontana, A., & Logroscino, G. (2016) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000002350 · Cited by 870
Improved accuracy of clinical diagnosis of Lewy body Parkinson’s disease
Hughes, A. J., Daniel, S. E., & Lees, A. J. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.57.8.1497 · Cited by 807
Self-citation
MDS task force on mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: Critical review of PD‐MCI
Litvan, I., Aarsland, D., Adler, C. H., Goldman, J. G., Kulisevsky, J., Mollenhauer, B., Rodríguez‐Oroz, M., Tröster, A. I., & Weintraub, D. A. (2011) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23823 · Cited by 811
Mapping of a gene for Parkinson's disease to chromosome 4q21-q23
Polymeropoulos, M. H., Higgins, J. J., Golbe, L. I., Johnson, W. G., Ide, S. E., Di Iorio, G., Sanges, G., Stenroos, E. S., Pho, L. T., Schaffer, A. A., et al. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.274.5290.1197 · Cited by 788
Common genetic variation in the HLA region is associated with late-onset sporadic Parkinson's disease
Hamza, T. H., Zabetian, C. P., Tenesa, A., Laederach, A., Montimurro, J. S., Yearout, D., Kay, D. M., Doheny, K. F., Paschall, J. E., Pugh, E., et al. (2010) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.642 · Cited by 808
Quantifying the risk of neurodegenerative disease in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder
Postuma, R. B., Gagnon, J., Vendette, M., Fantini, M. L., Massicotte-Marquez, J., & Montplaisir, J. Y. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000340980.19702.6e · Cited by 779
Idiopathic hyposmia as a preclinical sign of Parkinson's disease
Ponsen, M. M., Stoffers, D., Booij, J., van Eck‐Smit, B. L. F., Wolters, E. C., & Berendse, H. W. (2004) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20160 · Cited by 758
Deep brain stimulation plus best medical therapy versus best medical therapy alone for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD SURG trial): a randomised, open-label trial
Williams, A., Gill, S., Varma, T., Jenkinson, C., Quinn, N., Mitchell, R., Scott, R., Ives, N., Rick, C., Daniels, J., et al. (2010) · Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(10)70093-4 · Cited by 703
Neurodegenerative disorders in humans: the role of glutathione in oxidative stress-mediated neuronal death
Bains, J. S., & Shaw, C. A. (1997) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(97)00045-3 · Cited by 718
Environmental pollutants as risk factors for neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases
Chin-Chan, M., Navarro-Yepes, J., & Quintanilla‐Vega, B. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00124 · Cited by 746
Pathoanatomy of Parkinson’s disease
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (2000) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/pl00007758 · Cited by 693
Neuropathology of Cognitively Normal Elderly
Knopman, D. S., Parisi, J. E., Salviati, A., Floriach-Robert, M., Boeve, B. F., Ivnik, R. J., Smith, G. E., Dickson, D. W., Johnson, K. A., Petersen, L. E., et al. (2003) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/62.11.1087 · Cited by 674
The cognitive ability of an incident cohort of Parkinson’s patients in the UK. The CamPaIGN study
Foltynie, T., Brayne, C., Robbins, T. W., & Barker, R. A. (2004) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh067 · Cited by 675
Plasma exosomal α-synuclein is likely CNS-derived and increased in Parkinson’s disease
Shi, M., Liu, C., Cook, T. J., Bullock, K. M., Zhao, Y., Ginghina, C., Li, Y., Aro, P., Dator, R., He, C., et al. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-014-1314-y · Cited by 676
Detection of oligomeric forms of α‐synuclein protein in human plasma as a potential biomarker for Parkinson's disease
El‐Agnaf, O. M. A., Salem, S. A., Paleologou, K. E., Curran, M. D., Gibson, M. J., Court, J. A., Schlossmacher, M. G., & Allsop, D. (2006) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.03-1449com · Cited by 715
Cerebral atrophy in Parkinson's disease with and without dementia: a comparison with Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and controls
Burton, E. J. (2004) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh088 · Cited by 665
Where Does Parkinson Disease Pathology Begin in the Brain?
Del Tredici, K., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., Bohl, J. R. E., & Braak, H. (2002) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/61.5.413 · Cited by 773
Multiple system atrophy--the nature of the beast.
Quinn, N. P. (1989) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.52.suppl.78 · Cited by 641
Stanley Fahn Lecture 2005: the staging procedure for the inclusion body pathology associated with sporadic Parkinson’s disease reconsidered
Braak, H., Bohl, J. R., Müller, C. M., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., & Del Tredici, K. (2006) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21065 · Cited by 630
The synaptic pathology of α-synuclein aggregation in dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson’s disease and Parkinson’s disease dementia
Schulz-Schaeffer, W. J. (2010) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-010-0711-0 · Cited by 627
Impaired mesial frontal and putamen activation in Parkinson's disease: A positron emission tomography study
Playford, E. D., Jenkins, I. H., Passingham, R. E., Nutt, J. G., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Brooks, D. J. (1992) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410320206 · Cited by 611
Development of Multifunctional Molecules as Potential Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Last Decade
Savelieff, M. G., Nam, G., Kang, J., Lee, H. J., Lee, M., & Lim, M. H. (2018) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00138 · Cited by 612
Lewy body dementias
Walker, Z., Possin, K. L., Boeve, B. F., & Aarsland, D. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00462-6 · Cited by 632
Cortical motor reorganization in akinetic patients with Parkinson's disease
Sabatini, U., Boulanouar, K., Fabre, N., Martin, F., Carel, C., Colonnese, C., Bozzao, L., Berry, I., Montastruc, J., Chollet, F., et al. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.2.394 · Cited by 592
Accuracy of Clinical Diagnosis in Parkinsonism — A Prospective Study
Rajput, A. H., Rozdilsky, B., & Rajput, A. (1991) · Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques · doi:10.1017/s0317167100031814 · Cited by 594
Neuropathological and genetic correlates of survival and dementia onset in synucleinopathies: a retrospective analysis
Irwin, D. J., Grossman, M., Weintraub, D. A., Hurtig, H. I., Duda, J. E., Xie, S. X., Lee, E. B., Deerlin, V. M. V., López, O. L., Kofler, J., et al. (2016) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(16)30291-5 · Cited by 606
Altered proteasomal function in sporadic Parkinson’s disease
St. P. McNaught, K., Belizaire, R., Isacson, O., Jenner, P., & Olanow, C. W. (2003) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.2002.8050 · Cited by 573
Anatomy, pigmentation, ventral and dorsal subpopulations of the substantia nigra, and differential cell death in Parkinson's disease.
Gibb, W. R. G., & Lees, A. J. (1991) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.54.5.388 · Cited by 574
Self-citation
A biological classification of Parkinson's disease: the SynNeurGe research diagnostic criteria
Höglinger, G. U., Adler, C. H., Berg, D., Klein, C., Outeiro, T. F., Poewe, W. H., Postuma, R. B., Stoessl, A. J., & Lang, A. E. (2024) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00404-0 · Cited by 607
Oxidative stress as a cause of nigral cell death in Parkinson's disease and incidental lewy body disease
Jenner, P. G., Dexter, D. T., Sian, J., Schapira, A. H. V., & MARSDEN, C. D. (1992) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410320714 · Cited by 545
Cognitive impairments in early Parkinson's disease are accompanied by reductions in activity in frontostriatal neural circuitry
Lewis, S. J. G., Dove, A., Robbins, T. W., Barker, R. A., & Owen, A. M. (2003) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-15-06351.2003 · Cited by 532
Failure of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in Parkinson’s disease
McNaught, K. S. P., Olanow, C. W., Halliwell, B., Isacson, O., & Jenner, P. (2001) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/35086067 · Cited by 519
Parkinson’s disease and parkinsonism in a longitudinal study: Two-fold higher incidence in men
Baldereschi, M., Di Carlo, A., Rocca, W. A., Vanni, P., Maggi, S., Perissinotto, E., Grigoletto, F., Amaducci, L., & Inzitari, D. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.55.9.1358 · Cited by 526
Detection of elevated levels of α-synuclein oligomers in CSF from patients with Parkinson disease
Tokuda, T., Qureshi, M. M., Ardah, M. T., Varghese, S., Shehab, S. A. S., Kasai, T., Ishigami, N., Tamaoka, A., Nakagawa, M., & El‐Agnaf, O. M. A. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181fd613b · Cited by 531
Neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia: frequency, profile and associated care giver stress
Aarsland, D., Brønnick, K., Ehrt, U., Deyn, P. P. D., Tekin, S., Emre, M., & Cummings, J. L. (2006) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.083113 · Cited by 519
The Lille apathy rating scale (LARS), a new instrument for detecting and quantifying apathy: validation in Parkinson's disease
Sockeel, P. (2006) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.075929 · Cited by 512
Measuring the rate of progression and estimating the preclinical period of Parkinson's disease with [18F]dopa PET
Morrish, P., Rakshi, J. S., Bailey, D. L., Sawle, G. V., & Brooks, D. J. (1998) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.64.3.314 · Cited by 509
Collaborative Analysis of α-Synuclein Gene Promoter Variability and Parkinson Disease
Maraganore, D. M. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.296.6.661 · Cited by 518
Low clinical diagnostic accuracy of early vs advanced Parkinson disease
Adler, C. H., Beach, T. G., Hentz, J. G., Shill, H. A., Caviness, J. N., Driver‐Dunckley, E. D., Sabbagh, M. N., Sue, L. I., Jacobson, S. A., Belden, C. M., et al. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000641 · Cited by 522
Time to redefine PD? Introductory statement of the MDS Task Force on the definition of Parkinson's disease
Berg, D., Postuma, R. B., Bloem, B. R., Chan, P., Dubois, B., Gasser, T., Goetz, C. G., Halliday, G. M., Hardy, J., Lang, A. E., et al. (2014) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25844 · Cited by 502
Inducible expression of mutant alpha-synuclein decreases proteasome activity and increases sensitivity to mitochondria-dependent apoptosis
Tanaka, Y. (2001) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/10.9.919 · Cited by 504
Reduced glucocerebrosidase is associated with increased α-synuclein in sporadic Parkinson’s disease
Murphy, K. E., Gysbers, A. M., Abbott, S. K., Tayebi, N., Kim, W. S., Sidransky, E., Cooper, A., Garner, B., & Halliday, G. M. (2014) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awt367 · Cited by 475
EFNS / MDS ‐ ES recommendations for the diagnosis of P arkinson's disease
Berardelli, A., Wenning, G. K., Antonini, A., Berg, D., Bloem, B. R., Bonifati, V., Brooks, D. J., Burn, D. J., Colosimo, C., Fanciulli, A., et al. (2012) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.12022 · Cited by 509
Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson's disease before and after levodopa
Haslinger, B. A., Erhard, P., Kämpfe, N., Boecker, H., Rummeny, E. J., Schwaiger, M., Conrad, B., & Ceballos-Baumann, A. (2001) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/124.3.558 · Cited by 486
Oxidative stress: Free radical production in neural degeneration
Götz, M. E., Künig, G., Riederer, P. F., & Youdim, M. B. H. (1994) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/0163-7258(94)90055-8 · Cited by 482
Signaling pathways in Parkinson’s disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions
Xu, D.-C., Yong, C., Xu, Y., Chen-Yu, S., & Peng, L. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01353-3 · Cited by 528
The A53T α-Synuclein Mutation Increases Iron-Dependent Aggregation and Toxicity
Golts, N., Petrucelli, L., Hardy, J., Lee, J. M., Farer, M., & Wolozin, B. L. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-16-06048.2000 · Cited by 550
The subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: somatotopic organization and physiological characteristics
Rodríguez‐Oroz, M. (2001) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/124.9.1777 · Cited by 468
A clinico-pathological study of subtypes in Parkinson's disease
Selikhova, M. V., Williams, D. R., Kempster, P. A., Holton, J. L., Révész, T., & Lees, A. J. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp234 · Cited by 462
Self-citation
Physiotherapy versus placebo or no intervention in Parkinson's disease
Tomlinson, C. L., Patel, S., Meek, C., Herd, C. P., Clarke, C. E., Stowe, R. L., Shah, L., Sackley, C. M., Deane, K. H., Wheatley, K., et al. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002817.pub4 · Cited by 487
A susceptibility locus for Parkinson's disease maps to chromosome 2p13
Gasser, T., Müller‐Myhsok, B., Wszołek, Z. K., Oehlmann, R., Calne, D. B., Bonifati, V., Bereznai, B., Fabrizio, E., Vieregge, P., & Horstmann, R. D. (1998) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0398-262 · Cited by 462
Genomewide association study for susceptibility genes contributing to familial Parkinson disease
Pankratz, N., Wilk, J. B., Latourelle, J. C., DeStefano, A. L., Halter, C. A., Pugh, E., Doheny, K. F., Gusella, J. F., Nichols, W. C., Foroud, T., et al. (2008) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-008-0582-9 · Cited by 445
Resting oscillatory cortico-subthalamic connectivity in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Vladimir Litvak, A., Jha, A., Eusébio, A., Oostenveld, R., Foltynie, T., Limousin, P. D., Zrinzo, L. U., Hariz, M. I., Friston, K. J., & Brown, P. (2010) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awq332 · Cited by 447
[123I]FP-CIT SPECT shows a pronounced decline of striatal dopamine transporter labelling in early and advanced Parkinson's disease.
Booij, J., Tissingh, G., Boer, G. J., Speelman, J. D., Stoof, J. C., Janssen, A. G. M., Wolters, E. C., & van Royen, E. A. (1997) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.62.2.133 · Cited by 439
Motor subtype and cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease with dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies
Burn, D. J. (2006) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.081711 · Cited by 437
Neuropathology underlying clinical variability in patients with synucleinopathies
Halliday, G. M., Holton, J. L., Révész, T., & Dickson, D. W. (2011) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-011-0852-9 · Cited by 447
Ageing, neurodegeneration and Parkinson's disease
Hindle, J. V. (2010) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afp223 · Cited by 430
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES: New Concepts of Pathogenesis and Their Therapeutic Implications
Skovronsky, D., Lee, V. M. ‐., & Trojanowski, J. Q. (2006) · Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1146/annurev.pathol.1.110304.100113 · Cited by 433
Parkinson's disease sleep scale—validation of the revised version PDSS‐2
Trenkwalder, C., Kohnen, R., Högl, B., Metta, V., Sixel-Döring, F., Frauscher, B., Hülsmann, J., Martínez-Martín, P., & Chaudhuri, K. (2011) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23476 · Cited by 407
Impaired activation of the supplementary motor area in Parkinson's disease is reversed when akinesia is treated with apomorphine
Jenkins, I. H., Fernandez, W., Playford, E. D., Lees, A. J., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Passingham, R. E., & Brooks, D. J. (1992) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410320608 · Cited by 419
Self-citation
Neuropathology of immunohistochemically identified brainstem neurons in Parkinson's disease
Halliday, G. M., Li, Y. W., Blumbergs, P. C., JOH, T. H., Cotton, R. G. H., Howe, P. R. C., Blessing, W. W., & Geffen, L. B. (1990) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410270405 · Cited by 409
Long-term effectiveness of dopamine agonists and monoamine oxidase B inhibitors compared with levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD MED): a large, open-label, pragmatic randomised trial.
Gray, R., Ives, N., Rick, C., Patel, S., Gray, A., Jenkinson, C., McIntosh, E., Wheatley, K., Williams, A., & Clarke, C. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60683-8 · Cited by 360

Authors: Gibb, W. R., & Lees, A. J.
ORCID: Gibb, W R
Lees, A J
Venue: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
Publisher: BMJ
Published: 1988-06-01
Volume: 51
Issue: 6
Pages: 745-752
ISSN: 0022-3050 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.51.6.745
PMC: PMC1033142
OpenAlex: W2132881915
Semantic Scholar: 354cd1cf28ad23a8038bb3c576ff7791b3c74543
Cited by: 3,481
References: 39
Citations by year: 2026: 78 · 2025: 130 · 2024: 152 · 2023: 143 · 2022: 131 · 2021: 158 · 2020: 164 · 2019: 152 · 2018: 138 · 2017: 156 · 2016: 163 · 2015: 115 · 2014: 149 · 2013: 123 · 2012: 138
FWCI: 3.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
Keywords: Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease, pathogenesis, neurofilaments, substantia nigra, incidental Lewy body disease, age-related prevalence, neuronal loss
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain, Brain Damage, Chronic, Inclusion Bodies, Child, Humans, Middle Aged, Nerve Degeneration, Parkinson Disease, Substantia Nigra

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The relevance of the Lewy body to the pathogenesis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks