Cited by 1,665Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ResearchPrion Diseases and Protein Misfolding

Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Open access
Dugger, Brittany N., Dickson, Dennis W.·2017·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by progressive loss of selectively vulnerable populations of neurons, which contrasts with select static neuronal loss because of metabolic or toxic disorders. Neurodegenerative diseases can be classified according to primary clinical features (e.g., dementia, parkinsonism, or motor neuron disease), anatomic distribution of neurodegeneration (e.g., frontotemporal degenerations, extrapyramidal disorders, or spinocerebellar degenerations), or principal molecular abnormality. The most common neurodegenerative disorders are amyloidoses, tauopathies, α-synucleinopathies, and TDP-43 proteinopathies. The protein abnormalities in these disorders have abnormal conformational properties. Growing experimental evidence suggests that abnormal protein conformers may spread from cell to cell along anatomically connected pathways, which may in part explain the specific anatomical patterns observed at autopsy. In this review, we detail the human pathology of select neurodegenerative disorders, focusing on their main protein aggregates.

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Crossref · 10.1101/cshperspect.a028035

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  • The presence of NFTs in the brain triggers a complex cascade of biochemical and cellular processes that result in neurodegeneration and neuronal loss.

    “The presence of NFTs in the brain triggers a complex cascade of biochemical and cellular processes that result in neurodegeneration and neuronal loss [2].”

    From Diffusion tensor imaging reveals whole-brain microstructural changes in the P301L mouse model of tauopathy. (2020) · cites this paper as [2]

    The Alzheimer’s Disease section says that a neuron bearing a mature NFT dies. The paper also describes biochemical and cellular processes associated with neuronal death across neurodegenerative diseases, but it does not say that NFTs trigger that cascade. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • AD is the most prevalent of tauopathies and is considered a secondary tauopathy because tau aggregation is regarded as a response to other pathological proteins or events (Aβ), but it is not driven by tau mutations.

    “AD is the most prevalent of tauopathies and is considered a secondary tauopathy because tau aggregation is regarded as a response to other pathological proteins or events (Aβ), but it is not driven by tau mutations (19, 65).”
  • Both 3R- and 4R-tau isoforms were detected with no noticeable difference in the 3R to 4R ratio between LOAD and HC 3D-CNs.

    “Both 3R- and 4R-tau isoforms were detected with no noticeable difference in the 3R to 4R ratio between LOAD and HC 3D-CNs, consistent with the concept that AD is a mixed 3R/4R tauopathy (65, 66) (Fig. 3D).”

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Authors
Dugger, B. N., & Dickson, D. W.
Affiliations
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • Mayo Clinic in Florida (US)
Venue
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
Published
2017-01-06
Volume
9
Issue
7
Pages
a028035
ISSN
1943-0264 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2570634615
Cited by
1,665
References
159
Citations by year
2026: 161 · 2025: 265 · 2024: 319 · 2023: 334 · 2022: 233 · 2021: 210 · 2020: 98 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 1 · 2012: 1
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Henry M. Jackson Foundation
  • CurePSP
  • Daiichi-Sankyo
  • National Institutes of Health (AG016574, NS084974, AG002132, NS072187, AG037491)
  • National Institute on Aging (P01AG002132, R01AG037491, P50AG016574)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01NS084974, P50NS072187)
  • Daiichi Sankyo Europe
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
Keywords
neurodegenerative diseases, proteinopathies, amyloidosis, tauopathy, synucleinopathies, TDP-43 proteinopathy, protein aggregation, protein conformation, prion-like spread, selective neuronal loss, dementia, parkinsonism, motor neuron disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, extrapyramidal disorders, spinocerebellar degeneration
MeSH terms
Humans, Protein Conformation, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Protein Aggregates

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