Conservation of Resources in the Organizational Context: The Reality of Resources and Their Consequences

Hobfoll, Stevan E.; Halbesleben, Jonathon; Neveu, Jean-Pierre; Westman, Mina

doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640

Cited by 5,781Job Satisfaction and Organizational BehaviorStress and Burnout ResearchWorkplace Health and Well-being

Conservation of Resources in the Organizational Context: The Reality of Resources and Their Consequences

Hobfoll, Stevan E., Halbesleben, Jonathon, Neveu, Jean-Pierre, Westman, Mina·2018·Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior

DOI 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640

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Abstract

Over the past 30 years, conservation of resources (COR) theory has become one of the most widely cited theories in organizational psychology and organizational behavior. COR theory has been adopted across the many areas of the stress spectrum, from burnout to traumatic stress. Further attesting to the theory's centrality, COR theory is largely the basis for the more work-specific leading theory of organizational stress, namely the job demands-resources model. One of the major advantages of COR theory is its ability to make a wide range of specific hypotheses that are much broader than those offered by theories that focus on a single central resource, such as control, or that speak about resources in general. In this article, we will revisit the principles and corollaries of COR theory that inform those more specific hypotheses and will review research in organizational behavior that has relied on the theory.

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Less experienced nurses with fewer resources will be less able to obtain additional resources.
“Along the same lines, COR theory asserts that less experienced nurses with fewer resources will be less able to obtain additional resources [38].”
From Narcissistic leadership, workplace bullying, turnover intention, and creative performance: a study of nurses (2025) · cites this paper as [38]
Conservation of resources theory posits that individuals are motivated to retain and protect existing resources, as well as to obtain and foster more resources in response to the threat of resource loss during negative events.
“This theory posits that individuals are motivated to retain and protect existing resources, as well as to obtain and foster more resources in response to the threat of resource loss during negative events (Halbesleben et al., 2014;Hobfoll et al., 2018).”
From Perceived Destination Restorative Qualities in Wellness Tourism: The Role of Ontological Security and Psychological Resilience (2025) · cites this paper as Hobfoll et al., 2018
COR theory holds that individuals strive to acquire and conserve resources needed to sustain success in their context.
“Additionally, COR theory posits that individuals strive to acquire and conserve the resources needed to sustain success in their particular context (Hobfoll, 1989;Hobfoll et al., 2018).”
From Work hard or play hard: the effect of leisure crafting on opportunity recognition and venture performance (2023) · cites this paper as Hobfoll et al., 2018
As one's reservoir of resources becomes full, it becomes more difficult to continue accumulating them.
“In line with COR theory and the SEMT, the capacity to store these resources is finite, so as one's reservoir of these resources becomes full, it becomes more difficult to continue to accumulate them (Hobfoll, 1989;Hobfoll et al., 2018;Spreitzer & Porath, 2013).”
From Work hard or play hard: the effect of leisure crafting on opportunity recognition and venture performance (2023) · cites this paper as Hobfoll et al., 2018
The capacity to accumulate and store personal resources is finite.
“Since, the capacity to accumulate and store these personal resources is finite (Hobfoll et al., 2018;Metcalfe & Kornell, 2003), we posit that the positive effect of LC on entrepreneurs' thriving at work diminishes as entrepreneurs' work task focus increases.”
From Work hard or play hard: the effect of leisure crafting on opportunity recognition and venture performance (2023) · cites this paper as Hobfoll et al., 2018

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Psychological Capital, Work Well-Being, and Work-Life Balance Among Chinese Employees
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Not All Resources Are Created Equal: COR Theory, Values, and Stress
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Job Demands–Resources Theory: Ten Years Later
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Leaving Work at Work: A Meta-Analysis on Employee Recovery From Work
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Conservation of resources theory in the organizational behavior context: Theoretical evolution and challenges
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS THROUGH THE LENS OF CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES (COR) THEORY
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Self-citation
Conservation of Resources Theory1
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Self-citation
Conservation of Resources Theory
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Self-citation
in press) Getting to the “COR:” Understanding the role of resources in conservation of resource theory
Halbesleben, J. R. B., Neveu, J.-P., Montpellier, U., Paustian‐Underdahl, S. C., & Westman, M. (2008)
Self-citation

Authors: Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J.-P., & Westman, M.
Affiliations: Rush University Medical Center (US)
University of Alabama (US)
Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (FR)
Tel Aviv University (IL)
ORCID: Hobfoll, Stevan E.
Halbesleben, Jonathon
Neveu, Jean-Pierre
Westman, Mina
Venue: Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2018-01-21
Volume: 5
Issue: 1
Pages: 103-128
ISSN: 2327-0608 (ISSN-L)
2327-0616
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640
OpenAlex: W2625774310
Semantic Scholar: ab2a2c436fc0c43d069749154e32cbcccae7ee2a
Cited by: 5,781
References: 156
Citations by year: 2026: 1377 · 2025: 1127 · 2024: 861 · 2023: 775 · 2022: 690 · 2021: 499 · 2020: 295 · 2019: 124 · 2018: 29
FWCI: 24.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior (publishedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
Keywords: conservation of resources theory, job demands-resources model, organizational stress, burnout, traumatic stress, resource constraints, resource control

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Conservation of Resources in the Organizational Context: The Reality of Resources and Their Consequences

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