The DOI matches its Crossref record; 140 of the 141 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Microglial Physiology: Unique Stimuli, Specialized Responses
Abstract
Microglia, the macrophages of the central nervous system parenchyma, have in the normal healthy brain a distinct phenotype induced by molecules expressed on or secreted by adjacent neurons and astrocytes, and this phenotype is maintained in part by virtue of the blood-brain barrier's exclusion of serum components. Microglia are continually active, their processes palpating and surveying their local microenvironment. The microglia rapidly change their phenotype in response to any disturbance of nervous system homeostasis and are commonly referred to as activated on the basis of the changes in their morphology or expression of cell surface antigens. A wealth of data now demonstrate that the microglia have very diverse effector functions, in line with macrophage populations in other organs. The term activated microglia needs to be qualified to reflect the distinct and very different states of activation-associated effector functions in different disease states. Manipulating the effector functions of microglia has the potential to modify the outcome of diverse neurological diseases.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Microglia can exist in multiple activation states that are determined by the local stimuli for activation and reflected in production of specific cytokines and chemokines.48”
From CX3CR1 Deficiency Alters Microglial Activation and Reduces Beta-Amyloid Deposition in Two Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models (2010) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“play key roles in responses to pathological insults (Ransohoff and Perry, 2009).”
From Local cues establish and maintain region-specific phenotypes of basal ganglia microglia (2017) · cites this paper as Ransohoff and Perry, 2009
Citations
Cites
Alternative activation of macrophages
Gordon, S. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri978 · Cited by 6,189
Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo
Nimmerjahn, A., Kirchhoff, F., & Helmchen, F. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1110647 · Cited by 5,827
Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity
Gordon, S., & Taylor, P. R. (2005) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1733 · Cited by 5,190
Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease
Akiyama, H. (2000) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(00)00124-x · Cited by 4,514
Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS
Kreutzberg, G. W. (1996) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(96)10049-7 · Cited by 4,396
ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo
Davalos, D., Grutzendler, J., Yang, G., Kim, J. V., Zuo, Y., Jung, S., Littman, D. R., Dustin, M. L., & Gan, W.-B. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1472 · Cited by 3,913
Microglia: Active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain
Hanisch, U.-K., & Kettenmann, H. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1997 · Cited by 3,676
Blood Monocytes Consist of Two Principal Subsets with Distinct Migratory Properties
Geissmann, F., Jung, S., & Littman, D. R. (2003) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00174-2 · Cited by 3,504
The Classical Complement Cascade Mediates CNS Synapse Elimination
Stevens, B., Allen, N. J., Vazquez, L. E., Howell, G. R., Christopherson, K. S., Nouri, N., Micheva, K. D., Mehalow, A. K., Huberman, A. D., Stafford, B., et al. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.036 · Cited by 3,313
Immunization with amyloid-β attenuates Alzheimer-disease-like pathology in the PDAPP mouse
Schenk, D., Barbour, R., Dunn, W., Gordon, G., Grajeda, H., Guido, T., Hu, K., Huang, J., Johnson-Wood, K., Khan, K., et al. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/22124 · Cited by 3,160
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 141 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- 10.1016/j.it.2006.11.004 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 1,005
Dendritic Cell and Macrophage Heterogeneity In Vivo
Hashimoto, D., Miller, J. C., & Mérad, M. (2011) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.09.007 · Cited by 378
Microglia: Architects of the Developing Nervous System
Frost, J. L., & Schafer, D. P. (2016) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2016.02.006 · Cited by 385
Factors regulating microglia activation
Kierdorf, K., & Prinz, M. (2013) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00044 · Cited by 360
Schizophrenia and autism: both shared and disorder-specific pathogenesis via perinatal inflammation?
MEYER, U., FELDON, J., & DAMMANN, O. (2011) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e318212c196 · Cited by 357
“In the CNS, microglia and astrocytes are the major immunocompetent cells, which regulate both the induction and limitation of inflammatory processes (45).”
Microglia in ALS: The Good, The Bad, and The Resting
Henkel, J. S., Beers, D. R., Zhao, W., & Appel, S. H. (2009) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-009-9171-5 · Cited by 353
Microglia Function in Central Nervous System Development and Plasticity
Schafer, D. P., & Stevens, B. (2015) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a020545 · Cited by 353
Genome-wide pleiotropy between Parkinson disease and autoimmune diseases
Witoelar, A., Jansen, I. E., Wang, Y., Desikan, R. S., Gibbs, J. R., Blauwendraat, C., Thompson, W. K., Hernandez, D. G., Djurovic, S., Schork, A. J., et al. (2017) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.0469 · Cited by 352
González, H., Elgueta, D., Montoya, A., & Pacheco, R. (2014) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.07.012 · Cited by 352
Systemic inflammation impairs microglial Aβ clearance through NLRP3 inflammasome
Tejera, D., Mercan, D., Sanchez‐Caro, J. M., Hanan, M., Greenberg, D., Soreq, H., Latz, E., Golenbock, D., & Heneka, M. T. (2019) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.2018101064 · Cited by 351
Mildner, A., Schlevogt, B., Kierdorf, K., Böttcher, C., Erny, D., Kummer, M. P., Quinn, M., Brück, W., Bechmann, I., Heneka, M. T., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.6209-10.2011 · Cited by 351
Phagocytosis executes delayed neuronal death after focal brain ischemia
Neher, J. J., Emmrich, J., Fricker, M., Mander, P. K., Théry, C., & Brown, G. C. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1308679110 · Cited by 357
Microglia Function in Alzheimer’s Disease
Solito, E., & Sastre, M. (2012) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2012.00014 · Cited by 361
Mizutani, M., Pino, P. A., Saederup, N., Charo, I. F., Ransohoff, R. M., & Cardona, A. E. (2012) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1100421 · Cited by 346
Self-citationCao, P., Chen, C., Liu, A., Shan, Q., Zhu, X., Jia, C.-H., Peng, X., Zhang, M., Farzinpour, Z., Zhou, W., et al. (2021) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.012 · Cited by 348
Microglial Dynamics and Role in the Healthy and Diseased Brain: A Paradigm of Functional Plasticity
Gomez-Nicola, D., & Perry, V. H. (2015) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858414530512 · Cited by 340
Self-citationNeuron–glia crosstalk in health and disease: fractalkine and CX 3 CR1 take centre stage
Sheridan, G. K., & Murphy, K. J. (2013) · Open Biology · doi:10.1098/rsob.130181 · Cited by 358
Fontainhas, A. M., Wang, M., Liang, K. J., Chen, S., Mettu, P., Damani, M., Fariss, R. N., Li, W., & Wong, W. T. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015973 · Cited by 334
Features of Microglia and Neuroinflammation Relevant to Environmental Exposure and Neurotoxicity
Kraft, A. D., & Harry, G. J. (2011) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph8072980 · Cited by 340
Jordão, J. F., Thévenot, E., Markham-Coultes, K., Scarcelli, T., Weng, Y.-Q., Xhima, K., O'Reilly, M., Huang, Y., McLaurin, J., Hynynen, K., et al. (2013) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.05.008 · Cited by 326
Siffrin, V., Radbruch, H., Glumm, R., Niesner, R., Paterka, M., Herz, J., Leuenberger, T., Lehmann, S. M., Luenstedt, S., Rinnenthal, J. L., et al. (2010) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2010.08.018 · Cited by 325
Current Challenges in Glia-Pain Biology
McMahon, S. B., & Malcangio, M. (2009) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.033 · Cited by 324
Microglia amplify inflammatory activation of astrocytes in manganese neurotoxicity
Kirkley, K. S., Popichak, K. A., Afzali, M. F., Legare, M. E., & Tjalkens, R. B. (2017) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0871-0 · Cited by 331
GABA-Receptive Microglia Selectively Sculpt Developing Inhibitory Circuits
Favuzzi, E., Huang, S., Saldi, G.-A., Binan, L., Ibrahim, L. A., Fernández-Otero, M., Cao, Y., Zeine, A., Sefah, A., Zheng, K., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.018 · Cited by 327
Homeostatic and injury‐induced microglia behavior in the aging brain
Hefendehl, J. K., Neher, J. J., Sühs, R. B., Kohsaka, S., Skodras, A., & Jucker, M. (2014) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12149 · Cited by 319
Microglial displacement of inhibitory synapses provides neuroprotection in the adult brain
Chen, Z., Jalabi, W., Hu, W., Park, H.-J., Gale, J. T., Kidd, G. J., Bernatowicz, R., Gossman, Z. C., Chen, J. T., Dutta, R., et al. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms5486 · Cited by 319
TREM2 Promotes Microglial Survival by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Zheng, H., Jia, L., Liu, C.-C., Rong, Z., Zhong, L., Yang, L., Chen, X.-F., Fryer, J. D., Wang, X., Zhang, Y.-W., et al. (2017) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2459-16.2017 · Cited by 317
Adolfsson, O., Pihlgren, M., Toni, N., Varisco, Y., Buccarello, A. L., Antoniello, K., Lohmann, S., Piorkowska, K., Gafner, V., Atwal, J. K., et al. (2012) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4742-11.2012 · Cited by 317
Function of microglia and macrophages in secondary damage after spinal cord injury
Ren, Y., Zhou, X., & He, X. (2014) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.143423 · Cited by 328
Salim, S., Chugh, G., & Asghar, M. (2012) · Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-398314-5.00001-5 · Cited by 331
Paudel, Y. N., Shaikh, M. F., Chakraborti, A., Kumari, Y., Aledo-Serrano, Á., Aleksovska, K., Alvim, M. K. M., & Othman, I. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00628 · Cited by 311
Sexual dimorphism in the inflammatory response to traumatic brain injury
Villapol, S., Loane, D. J., & Burns, M. P. (2017) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23171 · Cited by 320
Brown, G. C., & Vilalta, A. (2015) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.08.031 · Cited by 322
Frank, M. G., Miguel, Z. D., Watkins, L. R., & Maier, S. F. (2010) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.07.008 · Cited by 303
Neuroglia in neurodegeneration
Heneka, M. T., Rodriguez, J. J., & Verkhratsky, A. (2009) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.11.004 · Cited by 316
Microglia–blood vessel interactions: a double-edged sword in brain pathologies
Dudvarski Stankovic, N., Teodorczyk, M., Ploen, R., Zipp, F., & Schmidt, M. H. H. (2016) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1524-y · Cited by 301
Developmental neuroinflammation and schizophrenia
Meyer, U. (2011) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.11.003 · Cited by 307
Contributions of central and systemic inflammation to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease
Collins, L. M., Toulouse, A., Connor, T. J., & Nolan, Y. M. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.01.028 · Cited by 306
Microglia in Alzheimer Disease: Well-Known Targets and New Opportunities
Hemonnot, A.-L., Hua, J., Ulmann, L., & Hirbec, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2019.00233 · Cited by 298
TREM2 regulates microglial cell activation in response to demyelination in vivo
Cantoni, C., Bollman, B., Licastro, D., Xie, M., Mikesell, R., Schmidt, R., Yuede, C. M., Galimberti, D., Olivecrona, G., Klein, R. S., et al. (2015) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1388-1 · Cited by 296
Immunometabolism in the Brain: How Metabolism Shapes Microglial Function
Bernier, L., York, E. M., & MacVicar, B. A. (2020) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.08.008 · Cited by 308
When Immune Cells Turn Bad—Tumor-Associated Microglia/Macrophages in Glioma
Roesch, S., Rapp, C., Dettling, S., & Herold‐Mende, C. C. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19020436 · Cited by 305
Role of Microglia TLRs in Neurodegeneration
Fiebich, B. L., Batista, C. R. A., Saliba, S. W., Yousif, N. M., & de Oliveira, A. C. P. (2018) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00329 · Cited by 291
An ADIOL-ERβ-CtBP Transrepression Pathway Negatively Regulates Microglia-Mediated Inflammation
Saijo, K., Collier, J. G., Li, A. C., Katzenellenbogen, J. A., & Glass, C. K. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.03.050 · Cited by 295
Microglia–Neuron Communication in Epilepsy
Eyo, U. B., Murugan, M., & Wu, L. (2016) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23006 · Cited by 300
Microglia and the brain: Complementary partners in development and disease
Hammond, T. R., Robinton, D., & Stevens, B. (2018) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100616-060509 · Cited by 288
Protective and Toxic Neuroinflammation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Hooten, K. G., Beers, D. R., Zhao, W., & Appel, S. H. (2015) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-014-0329-3 · Cited by 294
Bachstetter, A. D., Xing, B., de Almeida, L., Dimayuga, E. R., Watterson, D. M., & Van Eldik, L. J. (2011) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-79 · Cited by 282
London, A., Cohen, M., & Schwartz, M. (2013) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00034 · Cited by 282
Patterson, S. L. (2014) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.12.020 · Cited by 291
Puberty and adolescence as a time of vulnerability to stressors that alter neurobehavioral processes
Holder, M. K., & Blaustein, J. D. (2014) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.10.004 · Cited by 279
Type-1 pericytes accumulate after tissue injury and produce collagen in an organ-dependent manner
Birbrair, A., Zhang, T., Files, D. C., Mannava, S., Smith, T. L., Wang, Z., Messi, M. L., Mintz, A., & Delbono, O. (2014) · Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/scrt512 · Cited by 291
Patnala, R., Arumugam, T. V., Gupta, N., & Dheen, S. T. (2017) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0149-z · Cited by 278
Contribution of systemic inflammation to chronic neurodegeneration
Perry, V. H. (2010) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-010-0722-x · Cited by 286
Self-citationThe choreography of neuroinflammation in Huntington's disease
Crotti, A., & Glass, C. K. (2015) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2015.04.007 · Cited by 276
Cho, S.-H., Chen, J. A., Sayed, F., Ward, M. E., Gao, F., Nguyen, T. A., Krabbe, G., Sohn, P. D., Lo, I., Minami, S., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2939-14.2015 · Cited by 275
The Impact of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Axis in Neurological Disorders
Pawelec, P., Ziemka‐Nałęcz, M., Sypecka, J., & Zalewska, T. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9102277 · Cited by 284
Glial and Neuroimmune Mechanisms as Critical Modulators of Drug Use and Abuse
Lacagnina, M. J., Rivera, P. D., & Bilbo, S. D. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.121 · Cited by 271
Mitochondrial dynamics modulate the expression of pro‐inflammatory mediators in microglial cells
Park, J., Choi, H., Min, J., Park, S., Kim, J., Park, H., Kim, B., Chae, J., Yim, M., & Lee, D. (2013) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.12361 · Cited by 270
Cho, S.-H., Sun, B., Zhou, Y., Kauppinen, T. M., Halabisky, B., Wes, P., Ransohoff, R. M., & Gan, L. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.254268 · Cited by 268
Self-citationMicroglia in CNS development: Shaping the brain for the future
Mosser, C., Baptista, S., Arnoux, I., & Audinat, É. (2017) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.01.002 · Cited by 289
Role of Microglia in Neurological Disorders and Their Potentials as a Therapeutic Target
Du, L., Zhang, Y., Chen, Y., Zhu, J., Yang, Y., & Zhang, H.-L. (2016) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0245-0 · Cited by 280
Zhang, F., Liu, J., & Shi, J. (2010) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.03.043 · Cited by 270
Microglia and neuroprotection: From in vitro studies to therapeutic applications
Polazzi, E., & Monti, B. (2010) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.06.009 · Cited by 269
Cellular and Molecular Mediators of Neuroinflammation in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease
More, S. V., Kumar, H., Kim, I. S., Song, S.-Y., & Choi, D.-K. (2013) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2013/952375 · Cited by 264
Microglia and aging: the role of the TREM2-DAP12 and CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axes
Mecca, C., Giambanco, I., Donato, R., & Arcuri, C. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19010318 · Cited by 258
Appel, S. H., Beers, D. R., & Henkel, J. S. (2010) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2009.09.003 · Cited by 256
Meyer, U., Schwarz, M., & Müller, N. (2011) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.06.003 · Cited by 262
Pavlov, V. A., & Tracey, K. J. (2015) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-015-8718-1 · Cited by 254
AMPK: Potential Therapeutic Target for Ischemic Stroke
Jiang, S., Li, T. X., Ji, T., Yi, W., Yang, Z. P., Wang, S., Yang, Y., & Gu, C. (2018) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.25674 · Cited by 256
Olah, M., Biber, K. P. H., Vinet, J., & Boddeke, H. W. G. M. (2011) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/187152711794488575 · Cited by 260
Labandeira-García, J. L., Rodriguez-Perez, A. I., Garrido‐Gil, P., Rodríguez‐Pallares, J., Lanciego, J. L., & Guerra, M. J. (2017) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00129 · Cited by 259
Microglia in the developing brain: a potential target with lifetime effects
Harry, G. J., & Kraft, A. D. (2012) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2012.01.012 · Cited by 250
Emptying the stores: lysosomal diseases and therapeutic strategies
Platt, F. M. (2017) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd.2017.214 · Cited by 257
Sex, glia, and development: Interactions in health and disease
Schwarz, J. M., & Bilbo, S. D. (2012) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.02.018 · Cited by 247
Jurgens, H. A., Amancherla, K., & Johnson, R. W. (2012) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.6389-11.2012 · Cited by 243
Pusic, A. D., & Kraig, R. P. (2013) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22606 · Cited by 243
Pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: insights from molecular and metabolic imaging
Ciccarelli, O., Barkhof, F., Bodini, B., Stefano, N. D., Golay, X., Nicolay, K., Pelletier, D., Pouwels, P. J. W., Smith, S. A., Wheeler‐Kingshott, C. A. M. G., et al. (2014) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70101-2 · Cited by 253
The Role of Microglia and Astrocytes in Huntington’s Disease
Palpagama, T. H., Waldvogel, H. J., Faull, R. L. M., & Kwakowsky, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00258 · Cited by 246
TNF-alpha-induced microglia activation requires miR-342: Impact on NF-kB signaling and neurotoxicity
Brás, J. P., Bravo, J., Freitas, J., Barbosa, M. A., Santos, S. G., Summavielle, T., & Almeida, M. I. (2020) · Cell Death & Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2626-6 · Cited by 236
Morris, G. P., Clark, I. A., Zinn, R., & Vissel, B. (2013) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2013.07.002 · Cited by 236
Microglia and mast cells: two tracks on the road to neuroinflammation
Skaper, S. D., Giusti, P., & Facci, L. (2012) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.11-197194 · Cited by 235
Regulation of Microglial Functions by Purinergic Mechanisms in the Healthy and Diseased CNS
Illés, P., Rubini, P., Ulrich, H., Zhao, Y., & Tang, Y. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9051108 · Cited by 249
Neurodegeneration by Activation of the Microglial Complement-Phagosome Pathway
Bodea, L.-G., Wang, Y., Linnartz-Gerlach, B., Kopatz, J., Sinkkonen, L., Musgrove, R., Kaoma, T., Muller, A., Vallar, L., Di Monte, D. A., et al. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5002-13.2014 · Cited by 234
Microglia reprogram metabolic profiles for phenotype and function changes in central nervous system
Yang, S., Qin, C., Hu, Z.-W., Zhou, L.-Q., Yu, H.-H., Chen, M., Bosco, D. B., Wang, W., Wu, L.-J., & Tian, D.-S. (2021) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105290 · Cited by 232
Glial Cells Shape Pathology and Repair After Spinal Cord Injury
Gaudet, A. D., & Fonken, L. K. (2018) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-018-0630-7 · Cited by 242
Brain-immune interactions in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury
Li, B., Concepcion, K. R., Meng, X., & Zhang, L. (2017) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.10.006 · Cited by 236
Shechter, R., & Schwartz, M. (2012) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.4106 · Cited by 237
The mechanisms of microgliosis and pain following peripheral nerve injury
Calvo, M., & Bennett, D. (2011) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.08.018 · Cited by 227
USP18 lack in microglia causes destructive interferonopathy of the mouse brain
Goldmann, T., Zeller, N., Raasch, J., Kierdorf, K., Frenzel, K., Ketscher, L., Basters, A., Staszewski, O., Brendecke, S. M., Spiess, A., et al. (2015) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201490791 · Cited by 223
Microglia function during brain development: New insights from animal models
Bilimoria, P. M., & Stevens, B. (2015) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.032 · Cited by 237
Dalvi, P. S., Chalmers, J. A., Luo, V., Han, D.-Y., Wellhauser, L., Liu, Y., Tran, D. Q., Castel, J., Luquet, S. H., Wheeler, M. B., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2016.183 · Cited by 230
Howell, O. W., Rundle, J., Garg, A., Komada, M., Brophy, P., & Reynolds, R. (2010) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e3181f3a5b1 · Cited by 228
Benarroch, E. E. (2013) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182a4a577 · Cited by 232
Donnelly, D. J., Longbrake, E. E., Shawler, T. M., Kigerl, K. A., Lai, W., Tovar, C. A., Ransohoff, R. M., & Popovich, P. G. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2114-11.2011 · Cited by 219
Self-citationBeggs, S., Currie, G., Salter, M. W., Fitzgerald, M., & Walker, S. M. (2011) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awr288 · Cited by 219
Parkinson's Disease and Systemic Inflammation
Ferrari, C. C., & Tarelli, R. (2011) · Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.4061/2011/436813 · Cited by 223
Transcription factor IRF5 drives P2X4R+-reactive microglia gating neuropathic pain
Masuda, T., Iwamoto, S., Yoshinaga, R., Tozaki‐Saitoh, H., Nishiyama, A., Mak, T. W., Tamura, T., Tsuda, M., & Inoue, K. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms4771 · Cited by 222
Buckman, L. B., Hasty, A. H., Flaherty, D. K., Buckman, C. T., Thompson, M. M., Matlock, B. K., Weller, K., & Ellacott, K. L. J. (2014) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2013.06.007 · Cited by 216
Microglia and monocytes in inflammatory CNS disease: integrating phenotype and function
Spiteri, A. G., Wishart, C. L., Pamphlett, R., Locatelli, G., & King, N. J. C. (2022) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-021-02384-2 · Cited by 216
“However, during inflammation in response to CNS perturbation, microglia become reactive or activated, a state in which they upregulate CD45, partially or totally retract their cytoplasmic extensions and increase their somatic volume to adopt a more amoeboid morphology [266, 303].”
BackgroundBollinger, J. L., Burns, C. M. B., & Wellman, C. L. (2015) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2015.10.003 · Cited by 216
Metadata
- Authors
- Ransohoff, R. M., & Perry, V. H.
- Affiliations
- Cleveland Clinic (US)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Immunology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2009-04-01
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 119-145
- ISSN
- 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-3278
- OpenAlex
- W2112880160
- Cited by
- 1,858
- References
- 141
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 106 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 115 · 2020: 113 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 107 · 2017: 111 · 2016: 114 · 2015: 142 · 2014: 155 · 2013: 161 · 2012: 143
- FWCI
- 9.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- microglia, microglial activation, microglial phenotype, blood-brain barrier, neuroinflammation, neurological disorders, microglial morphology, cell surface antigens
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Cell Communication, Central Nervous System, Humans, Macrophage Activation, Macrophages, Signal Transduction, Microglia, Neurotransmitter Agents, Neurodegenerative Diseases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review