Cited by 893Emotions and Moral BehaviorPersonality Traits and PsychologySocial and Intergroup Psychology

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Motivational and Emotional Aspects of the Self

Leary, Mark R.·2007·Annual Review of Psychology

DOI 10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085658

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Abstract

Abstract Recent theory and research are reviewed regarding self-related motives (self-enhancement, self-verification, and self-expansion) and self-conscious emotions (guilt, shame, pride, social anxiety, and embarrassment), with an emphasis on how these motivational and emotional aspects of the self might be related. Specifically, these motives and emotions appear to function to protect people's social well-being. The motives to self-enhance, self-verify, and self-expand are partly rooted in people's concerns with social approval and acceptance, and self-conscious emotions arise in response to events that have real or imagined implications for others' judgments of the individual. Thus, these motives and emotions do not operate to maintain certain states of the self, as some have suggested, but rather to facilitate people's social interactions and relationships.

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Authors: Leary, M. R.
Affiliations: Duke University (US)
Corresponding author: Leary, Mark R.
ORCID: Leary, Mark R.
Venue: Annual Review of Psychology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2007-01-01
Volume: 58
Issue: 1
Pages: 317-344
ISSN: 0066-4308 (ISSN-L)
1545-2085
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085658
OpenAlex: W2119994416
Semantic Scholar: 91b1dc0423e12afdddd50aadb5735daea2403768
Cited by: 838
References: 216
Citations by year: 2026: 31 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 29
FWCI: 1.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords: self-enhancement, self-verification, self-expansion, self-conscious emotions, guilt, shame, pride, social anxiety, embarrassment, social approval, social acceptance, social well-being, social interaction, interpersonal relationships
MeSH terms: Anxiety, Awareness, Defense Mechanisms, Ego, Emotions, Guilt, Humans, Internal-External Control, Interpersonal Relations, Motivation, Self Concept, Shame, Social Desirability, Social Perception, Personal Construct Theory

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