Maximal oxygen uptake in athletes
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A high VO2max sets the ceiling on success in submaximal distance events.
“A high VO 2 max sets the ceiling on success in “submaximal” distance events (Saltin & Astrand, 1967).”
From Contemporary Nutrition Strategies to Optimize Performance in Distance Runners and Race Walkers (2019) · cites this paper as Saltin & Astrand, 1967
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Bruce, R. A., Kusumi, F., & Hosmer, D. W. (1973) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(73)90502-4 · Cited by 2,057 · see citing works
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Endurance exercise performance: the physiology of champions
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Integrative Biology of Exercise
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“In elite endurance-trained athletes, VO 2 max values can exceed 85 ml/kg/min (Saltin and A˚strand , 1967).”
SALTIN, B., & GRIMBY, G. (1968) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.38.6.1104 · Cited by 1,015 · see citing works
Self-citationFactors affecting running economy in trained distance runners
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“mal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max).([1,3-5]) Performance in expenditure and expressed as the submaximal V̇O2 endurance events is directly influenced by altera- at a given running velocity.”
BackgroundThe Effect of Endurance Training on Parameters of Aerobic Fitness
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“O2max, which reflects an individual’s maximal rate of aerobic energy expenditure, has long been associated with success in endurance sports.[11,12] In whole-body exercise such as running, cycling and rowing, it is widely accepted that V .”
BackgroundGomez-Cabrera, M.-C., Domenech, E., Romagnoli, M., Arduini, A., Borras, C., Pallardo, F. V., Sastre, J., & Viña, J. (2008) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.1.142 · Cited by 844 · see citing works
“We considered as sedentary a person with a V̇O2max 43 mL min 1 kg 1 (14, 23) or with a physical activity index of 2000 kcal/wk, which was evaluated with a questionnaire (24).”
MethodJoyner, M. J., & Casey, D. P. (2015) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00035.2013 · Cited by 833 · see citing works
A progressive shuttle run test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake.
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“[73] It is likely that differences in force recovery also reflect peak power differences resulting from the different training regimens of strength, power and endurance athletes.”
BackgroundEffect of Endurance Exercise on Autonomic Control of Heart Rate
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“O2max.([114-118]) However, the variation in cardiovascular adaptation, between males and females, to endurance exercise training has not been thoroughly investigated.”
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Peak treadmill running velocity during the<i>V</i>O<sub>2</sub>max test predicts running performance
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“Aerobic endurance exercise is highly recommended by health authorities for its rewarding effects on health (Garber et al. 2011) and, in many sports, high muscular aerobic energy capacity and V̇O2max are prerequisites for elite performance (Saltin & Astrand, 1967).”
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“Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) has long been used as a determinant of performance (60).”
MethodApplied Physiology of Marathon Running
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Monitoring Training Loads: The Past, the Present, and the Future
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“” Classically, this is related to the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).(7) Although there are average athletes with high values for VO2max, there are very few elite athletes with low values for VO2max (<70 and <65 mL · min–1 · kg–1, for males and females, respectively).”
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“O2max) has long been used as a determinant of performance in middleand long-distance events.[1] As such, its measurement has become routine in the physiological testing of elite athletes.”
BackgroundMusculoskeletal Fitness, Health Outcomes and Quality of Life
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“It is generally agreed that V̇O2 max is a primary determinant of endurance exercise performance because it establishes the upper limit of maximal energy production through oxidative pathways (47).”
BackgroundOptimizing strength training for running and cycling endurance performance: A review
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“Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) has long been associated with success in endurance sports (Saltin & Astrand, 1967; Costill et al., 1973; Bassett & Howley, 2000) and is one of the major characteristics that determine endurance performance (Di Prampero, 2003; Levine, 2008).”
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“First, it is generally agreed that maximal oxygen uptake is one of the best single indicators of endurance performance because it establishes the upper limit of maximal energy production through oxidative pathways (12, 24).”
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“The constraint of oxygen consumption has been recognized to limit exercise performance for nearly a century (20, 33), and a large V̇O2max is a prerequisite for high endurance capability (72, 74, 78).”
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“A high V̇O 2max sets the ceiling on success in ‘submaximal’ distance events (Saltin and Astrand, 1967).”
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“…(ml O 2 ·kg − 1 ·min − 1 ) is about 10–20% larger in males than females (Bunc & Heller, 1989; Durstine et al., 1987; Jensen et al., 2001; Jones, 2006; Joyner & Coyle, 2008; Loe et al., 2013; Pate & O ʼ Neill, 2007; Pollock, 1977; Riley-Hagan et al., 1992; Saltin & Astrand, 1967; Støa et al., 2020).”
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“Different studies have shown that exercise induces an increase of VO2max (Saltin and Astrand, 1967; Daniels, 1974).”
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- Authors
- Saltin, B., & Astrand, P. O.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1967-09
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 353-358
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2125646886
- Cited by
- 798
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 13.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- VO2max, athletes, cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise physiology
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Physical Exertion, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Lactates, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Respiration
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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