Spatiotemporal Effects of Microstimulation in Rat Neocortex: A Parametric Study Using Multielectrode Recordings

Butovas, Sergejus; Schwarz, Cornelius

doi:10.1152/jn.00245.2003

Cited by 246Neuroscience and Neural EngineeringNeural dynamics and brain functionNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Spatiotemporal Effects of Microstimulation in Rat Neocortex: A Parametric Study Using Multielectrode Recordings

Butovas, Sergejus, Schwarz, Cornelius·2003·Journal of Neurophysiology

DOI 10.1152/jn.00245.2003

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Abstract

Using microstimulation to imprint meaningful activity patterns into intrinsically highly interconnected neuronal substrates is hampered by activation of fibers of passage leading to a spatiotemporal “blur” of activity. The focus of the present study was to characterize the shape of this blur in the neocortex to arrive at an estimate of the resolution with which signals can be transmitted by multielectrode stimulation. The horizontal spread of significant unit activity evoked by near-threshold focal electrical stimulation (charge transfer 0.8–4.8 nC) and multielectrode recording in the face representation of the primary somatosensory cortex of ketamine anesthetized rats was determined to be about 1,350 μm. The evoked activity inside this range consisted in a sequence of fast excitatory response followed by an inhibition lasting >100 ms. These 2 responses could not be separated by varying the intensity of stimulation while a slow excitatory rebound after the inhibitory response was restricted to higher stimulus intensities (>2.4 nC). Stimulation frequencies of 20 and 40 Hz evoked repetitive excitatory response standing out against a continuous background of inhibition. At 5- and 10-Hz stimulation, the inhibitory response showed a complex interaction pattern attributed to highly sublinear superposition of individual inhibitory responses. The present data help to elucidate the neuronal underpinnings of behavioral effects of microstimulation. Furthermore, they provide essential information to determine spatiotemporal constraints for purposeful multielectrode stimulation in the neocortex.

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Stimulation levels of 10-20 μA biphasic current pulses of 300 μs duration at 200 Hz are thought to directly activate neurons within an approximately 100 μm radius of the electrode tip, but indirect activation of neural elements may increase this spread.
“These levels are thought to directly activate neurons within an approximately 100 µm radius of the electrode tip46, but indirect activation of neural elements may increase this spread47.”
From Microstimulation of macaque area LIP affects decision-making in a motion discrimination task (2006) · cites this paper as [47]

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Authors: Butovas, S., & Schwarz, C.
Affiliations: Universitätsklinikum Tübingen (DE)
ORCID: Schwarz, Cornelius
Venue: Journal of Neurophysiology
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Published: 2003-11
Volume: 90
Issue: 5
Pages: 3024-3039
ISSN: 0022-3077 (ISSN-L)
1522-1598
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00245.2003
OpenAlex: W2106465336
Cited by: 246
References: 84
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 1.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords: microstimulation, neocortex, primary somatosensory cortex, excitatory and inhibitory responses, rebound excitation, charge transfer
MeSH terms: Action Potentials, Animals, Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Female, Male, Time Factors, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Neocortex, Rats

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Spatiotemporal Effects of Microstimulation in Rat Neocortex: A Parametric Study Using Multielectrode Recordings

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