Proteases and Proteolysis in Alzheimer Disease: A Multifactorial View on the Disease Process
Abstract
Alzheimer disease is characterized by the accumulation of abnormally folded protein fragments, i.e., amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) and tau that precipitate in amyloid plaques and neuronal tangles, respectively. In this review we discuss the complicated proteolytic pathways that are responsible for the generation and clearance of these fragments, and how disturbances in these pathways interact and provide a background for a novel understanding of Alzheimer disease as a multifactorial disorder. Recent insights evolve from the static view that the morphologically defined plaques and tangles are disease driving towards a more dynamic, biochemical view in which the intermediary soluble Abeta oligomers and soluble tau fragments are considered as the main mediators of neurotoxicity. The relevance of proteolytic pathways, centered on the generation and clearance of toxic Abeta, on the cleavage and nucleation of tau, and on the general proteostasis of the neurons, then becomes obvious. Blocking or stimulating these pathways provide, or have the potential to provide, interesting drug targets, which raises the hope that we will be able to provide a cure for this dreadful disorder.
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Aβ is generated through sequential cleavages of APP by BACE1 and γ-secretase complex.
“Aβ is generated through sequential cleavages of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase complex (De Strooper 2010).”
From miR‐186 is decreased in aged brain and suppresses <scp>BACE</scp>1 expression (2016) · cites this paper as De Strooper 2010
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“Ab is generated through sequential cleavages of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by b-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and c-secretase complex (De Strooper 2010).”
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Kamboj, S., Harms, C., Wright, D., Nash, A., Klein-Seetharaman, J., & Sarkar, S. K. (2022) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1258797/v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- De Strooper, B.
- Affiliations
- Center for Human Genetics, K.U.Leuven and Department for Molecular and Developmental Genetics, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Venue
- Physiological Reviews
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 465-494
- ISSN
- 0031-9333 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1210
- OpenAlex
- W2159972803
- Cited by
- 455
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 49
- FWCI
- 4.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physiological Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, proteolysis, proteolytic enzymes, amyloid-beta, tau protein, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid-beta oligomers, neurotoxicity, proteostasis, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Humans, Peptide Hydrolases, Amyloid beta-Peptides
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