Cited by 1,188Telomeres, Telomerase, and SenescenceGenetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model OrganismsNuclear Structure and Function

Telomeres and Aging

Aubert, Geraldine, Lansdorp, Peter M.·2008·Physiological Reviews

Abstract

Telomeres play a central role in cell fate and aging by adjusting the cellular response to stress and growth stimulation on the basis of previous cell divisions and DNA damage. At least a few hundred nucleotides of telomere repeats must “cap” each chromosome end to avoid activation of DNA repair pathways. Repair of critically short or “uncapped” telomeres by telomerase or recombination is limited in most somatic cells and apoptosis or cellular senescence is triggered when too many “uncapped” telomeres accumulate. The chance of the latter increases as the average telomere length decreases. The average telomere length is set and maintained in cells of the germline which typically express high levels of telomerase. In somatic cells, telomere length is very heterogeneous but typically declines with age, posing a barrier to tumor growth but also contributing to loss of cells with age. Loss of (stem) cells via telomere attrition provides strong selection for abnormal and malignant cells, a process facilitated by the genome instability and aneuploidy triggered by dysfunctional telomeres. The crucial role of telomeres in cell turnover and aging is highlighted by patients with 50% of normal telomerase levels resulting from a mutation in one of the telomerase genes. Short telomeres in such patients are implicated in a variety of disorders including dyskeratosis congenita, aplastic anemia, pulmonary fibrosis, and cancer. Here the role of telomeres and telomerase in human aging and aging-associated diseases is reviewed.

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Crossref · 10.1152/physrev.00026.2007

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  • Telomere shortening contributes to the functional decline of HSCs, and this is especially evident in humans.

    “the involvement of telomere shortening in the functional decline of HSC is particularly evident in human”

    From Aging of hematopoietic stem cells (2018) · cites this paper as [53]

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Authors
Aubert, G., & Lansdorp, P. M.
Affiliations
BC Cancer Agency (CA)
Venue
Physiological Reviews
Published
2008-04
Volume
88
Issue
2
Pages
557-579
ISSN
  • 0031-9333 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1210
OpenAlex
W2134718821
Cited by
1,188
References
240
Citations by year
2026: 33 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 86 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 98 · 2019: 79 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 63 · 2015: 76 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 66 · 2012: 48
FWCI
6.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Physiological Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI 29524)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Structure and Function
Keywords
telomeres, aging, telomerase, cellular senescence, apoptosis, telomere shortening, genomic instability, aneuploidy, dyskeratosis congenita, aplastic anemia, pulmonary fibrosis, cancer, telomere length, age-related diseases
MeSH terms
Aging, Humans, Telomere, Telomerase

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