Yoga for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials
Open accessAbstract
A growing body of evidence suggests yogic practices may benefit adults with type 2 diabetes (DM2). In this systematic review, we evaluate available evidence from prospective controlled trials regarding the effects of yoga-based programs on specific health outcomes pertinent to DM2 management. To identify qualifying studies, we searched nine databases and scanned bibliographies of relevant review papers and all identified articles. Controlled trials that did not target adults with diabetes, included only adults with type 1 diabetes, were under two-week duration, or did not include quantitative outcome data were excluded. Study quality was evaluated using the PEDro scale. Thirty-three papers reporting findings from 25 controlled trials (13 nonrandomized, 12 randomized) met our inclusion criteria (N= 2170 participants). Collectively, findings suggest that yogic practices may promote significant improvements in several indices of importance in DM2 management, including glycemic control, lipid levels, and body composition. More limited data suggest that yoga may also lower oxidative stress and blood pressure; enhance pulmonary and autonomic function, mood, sleep, and quality of life; and reduce medication use in adults with DM2. However, given the methodological limitations of existing studies, additional high-quality investigations are required to confirm and further elucidate the potential benefits of yoga programs in populations with DM2.
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Low-intensity physical activities such as walking, yoga, tai-chi, qigong, and household tasks reduce hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes.
“low-intensity PA such as walking, yoga, tai-chi, qigong, and activity for household tasks have also been shown to be effective methods of reducing hyperglycemia.”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [66]
Interpretation of yoga data is challenged by different forms and intensities of yoga, and current studies vary in quality and involve small sample sizes.
“However, challenges to interpreting this data remain as there are different forms and intensities of yoga.Current studies vary in study quality and involve small sample sizes.”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [66]
A review of 23 studies found yoga improved fasting sugars by 7% to 33% and postprandial sugars by 6% to 39% from baseline.
“A review of 23 studies showed improvements in fasting sugars of 7-33% and postprandial sugars from 6-39% from baseline after participating in yoga interventions.”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [66]
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- Authors
- Innes, K. E., & Selfe, T. K.
- Affiliations
- West Virginia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Innes, Kim E.
- Venue
- Journal of Diabetes Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 2016
- Pages
- 1-23
- ISSN
- 2314-6745 (ISSN-L)
- 2314-6753
- PMC
- PMC4691612
- OpenAlex
- W2286421694
- Cited by
- 248
- References
- 151
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 1.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Diabetes Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (1-K01-AT004108)
- West Virginia University (1-K01-AT004108)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- yoga, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, serum lipids, body composition, oxidative stress, blood pressure, lung function, autonomic function, mood, sleep, quality of life, medication use, diabetes management
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Health Status, Humans, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Yoga, Biomarkers, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult
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