Social Learning Theory and the Health Belief Model

Rosenstock, Irwin M.; Strecher, Victor J.; Becker, Marshall H.

doi:10.1177/109019818801500203

Cited by 5,564Behavioral Health and InterventionsHealth and Wellbeing ResearchMedia Influence and Health

Social Learning Theory and the Health Belief Model

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Rosenstock, Irwin M., Strecher, Victor J., Becker, Marshall H.·1988·Health Education Quarterly

DOI 10.1177/109019818801500203

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Abstract

The Health Belief Model, social learning theory (recently relabelled social cognitive theory), self-efficacy, and locus of control have all been applied with varying success to problems of explaining, predicting, and influencing behavior. Yet, there is con ceptual confusion among researchers and practitioners about the interrelationships of these theories and variables. This article attempts to show how these explanatory fac tors may be related, and in so doing, posits a revised explanatory model which incor porates self-efficacy into the Health Belief Model. Specifically, self-efficacy is pro posed as a separate independent variable along with the traditional health belief var iables of perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers. Incentive to behave (health motivation) is also a component of the model. Locus of control is not included explicitly because it is believed to be incorporated within other elements of the model. It is predicted that the new formulation will more fully account for health-related behavior than did earlier formulations, and will suggest more effective behavioral interventions than have hitherto been available to health educators.

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The health beliefs model posits that treatment seeking depends on perceptions about need for, barriers to, and effectiveness of treatment.
“The health beliefs model posits that treatment seeking depends on perceptions about need for, barriers to, and effectiveness of treatment (9).”
From Mental health treatment seeking among veteran and civilian community college students (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
The HBM was later revised to include self-efficacy as a predictor of health behavior.
“The HBM was later revised to include self-efficacy as a predictor of health behavior”
From Treatment histories, barriers, and preferences for individuals with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (2024) · cites this paper as Rosenstock et al., 1988

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Authors: Rosenstock, I. M., Strecher, V. J., & Becker, M. H.
Affiliations: California State University, Long Beach (US)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
University of Michigan (US)
ORCID: Strecher, Victor J.
Venue: Health Education Quarterly
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 1988-06
Volume: 15
Issue: 2
Pages: 175-183
ISSN: 0195-8402 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1177/109019818801500203
OpenAlex: W2158216255
Cited by: 5,564
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 323 · 2025: 291 · 2024: 265 · 2023: 301 · 2022: 367 · 2021: 394 · 2020: 283 · 2019: 248 · 2018: 220 · 2017: 240 · 2016: 229 · 2015: 269 · 2014: 270 · 2013: 257 · 2012: 195
FWCI: 34.44
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Health Education Quarterly (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Wellbeing Research
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Media Influence and Health
Keywords: Health Belief Model, social learning theory, social cognitive theory, self-efficacy, locus of control, health motivation, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, health behavior, behavioral interventions, health education
MeSH terms: Attitude to Health, Cognition, Humans, Internal-External Control, Learning, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Socialization

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