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Cited by 427

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Immunomodulatory mechanisms of lactobacilli

Open access
Wells, Jerry M·2011·Microbial Cell Factories
DOI 10.1186/1475-2859-10-s1-s17
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Abstract

Over the past decade it has become clear that lactobacilli and other probiotic and commensal organisms can interact with mucosal immune cells or epithelial cells lining the mucosa to modulate specific functions of the mucosal immune system. The most well understood signalling mechanisms involve the innate pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors and C-type lectin receptors. Binding of microbe-associated molecular patterns with these receptors can activate antigen presenting cells and modulate their function through the expression of surface receptors, secreted cytokines and chemokines. In vitro the cytokine response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and dendritic cells to lactobacilli can be strikingly different depending on both the bacterial species and the strain. Several factors have been identified in lactobacilli that influence the immune response in vitro and in vivo including cell surface carbohydrates, enzymes modifying the structure of lipoteichoic acids and metabolites. In mice mechanistic studies point to a role for the homeostatic control of inducible T regulatory cells in the mucosal tissues as one possible immunomodulatory mechanism. Increasing evidence also suggests that induction of epithelial signalling by intestinal lactobacilli can modulate barrier functions, defensin production and regulate inflammatory signalling. Other probiotic mechanisms include modulation of the T cell effector subsets, enhancement of humoral immunity and interactions with the epithelial-associated dendritic cells and macrophages. A major challenge for the future will be to gain more knowledge about the interactions occurring between lactobacilli and the host in vivo and to understand the molecular basis of innate signalling in response to whole bacteria which trigger multiple signalling pathways.

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Metadata

Authors
Wells, J. M.
Venue
Microbial Cell Factories
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2011
Volume
10
Issue
Suppl 1
Pages
S17
ISSN
1475-2859 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/1475-2859-10-s1-s17
OpenAlex
W2138076785
Cited by
427
References
11
Type
conference abstract
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Immunomodulatory mechanisms of lactobacilli. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/1475-2859-10-s1-s17
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Wells, J. M. (2011). Immunomodulatory mechanisms of lactobacilli. Microbial Cell Factories. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-10-s1-s17

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