Genetics ignite focus on microglial inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease
Open accessAbstract
In the past five years, a series of large-scale genetic studies have revealed novel risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Analyses of these risk factors have focused attention upon the role of immune processes in AD, specifically microglial function. In this review, we discuss interpretation of genetic studies. We then focus upon six genes implicated by AD genetics that impact microglial function: TREM2, CD33, CR1, ABCA7, SHIP1, and APOE. We review the literature regarding the biological functions of these six proteins and their putative role in AD pathogenesis. We then present a model for how these factors may interact to modulate microglial function in AD.
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Microglia play a key role driving the pathogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases.
“supports the idea of microglia playing a key role driving the pathogenesis in these diseases (Malik et al., 2015).”
From TET2 Regulates the Neuroinflammatory Response in Microglia (2019) · cites this paper as Malik et al., 2015
The Conclusions (page unavailable) describe inflammation as a modulator of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis, and the Review’s TREM2 section links microglial function to disease-related processes. But the paper emphasizes that immune activation can be protective or harmful; its discussion of Parkinson’s disease and frontotemporal dementia does not establish that microglia drive pathogenesis across neurodegenerative diseases. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMutations in innate immunity-related genes (TREM2, CD33, CR1, etc.) confer higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases.
“The identification of mutations in innate immunity-related genes that confer higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases ( TREM2 , CD33 , CR1 , etc.), supports the idea of microglia playing a key role driving the pathogenesis in these diseases (Malik et al., 2015).”
From TET2 Regulates the Neuroinflammatory Response in Microglia (2019) · cites this paper as Malik et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Malik, M., Parikh, I., Vasquez, J. B., Smith, C., Tai, L., Bu, G., LaDu, M. J., Fardo, D. W., Rebeck, G. W., & Estus, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Estus, Steven
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Neurodegeneration
- Published
- 2015-10-05
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 52-52
- ISSN
- 1750-1326 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4595327
- OpenAlex
- W2119581346
- Cited by
- 161
- References
- 151
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Molecular Neurodegeneration (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG045775, K25AG043546, P01AG030128, R21AG048498, R21 AG044682, R21AG051233)
- BrightFocus Foundation (A2014210S)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, microglial inflammation, genetic risk factors, TREM2, CD33, complement receptor 1, ABCA7, SHIP1, apolipoprotein E, microglial function, neuroinflammation, pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Humans, Inflammation, Risk Factors, Microglia, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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