cGAS-STING, an important pathway in cancer immunotherapy
Open accessAbstract
Cytosolic DNA sensing, the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway, is an important novel role in the immune system. Multiple STING agonists were developed for cancer therapy study with great results achieved in pre-clinical work. Recent progress in the mechanical understanding of STING pathway in IFN production and T cell priming, indicates its promising role for cancer immunotherapy. STING agonists co-administrated with other cancer immunotherapies, including cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-programmed death 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibodies, and adoptive T cell transfer therapies, would hold a promise of treating medium and advanced cancers. Despite the applications of STING agonists in cancer immunotherapy, lots of obstacles remain for further study. In this review, we mainly examine the biological characters, current applications, challenges, and future directions of cGAS-STING in cancer immunotherapy.
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STING activation can be pro-tumorigenic in tumor-adjacent senescent cells under chronic STING activation.
“For example, STING activation can also be pro-tumorigenic in the context of chronic STING activation in tumor-adjacent senescent cells (see below, and (Jiang et al., 2020)), suggesting that STING and cGAS pharmacological targeting must also consider other contexts of cytoDNA biology in non-tumor cells.”
From Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and disease (2021) · cites this paper as Jiang et al., 2020
STING recruits and phosphorylates TBK1, which further activates downstream IRF3 and upregulates IFN-I.
“Then, STING recruits and phosphorylates TBK1, which further activates downstream IRF3 and upregulates IFN-I [257–259].”
From Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [259]
Stimulated by cGAMP, STING changes from monomer to dimer and translocates from the ER to the perinuclear microsome.
“Stimulated by cGAMP, STING changes from monomer to dimer and translocates from ER to perinuclear microsome.”
From Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [259]
The cGAS-STING pathway is a cytosolic DNA sensing signaling pathway.
“cGAS-STING pathway is a cytosolic DNA sensing signaling.”
From Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [259]
Cytosolic dsDNA binds to cGAS, catalyzing the generation of cGAMP.
“Cytosolic dsDNA binds to cGAS, catalyzing the generation of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP).”
From Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [259]
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Pharmacological Modulation of the STING Pathway for Cancer Immunotherapy
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Prospects for chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell therapy for solid tumors
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STING Promotes Homeostasis via Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Chromosomal Stability
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Advances on chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy for oncotherapy
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Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions
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Combination strategies to maximize the benefits of cancer immunotherapy
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Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and disease
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Mitophagy and cGAS–STING crosstalk in neuroinflammation
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Targeting DNA Damage Response and Immune Checkpoint for Anticancer Therapy
Huang, J.-L., Chang, Y.-T., Hong, Z.-Y., & Lin, C.-S. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23063238 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Jiang, M., Chen, P., Wang, L., Li, W., Chen, B., Liu, Y., Wang, H., Zhao, S., Ye, L., He, Y., & Zhou, C.
- Affiliations
- Tongji University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- He, Yayi
- Zhou, Caicun
- Venue
- Journal of Hematology & Oncology
- Published
- 2020-06-22
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 81-81
- ISSN
- 1756-8722 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7310007
- OpenAlex
- W3036927511
- Cited by
- 647
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 84 · 2025: 169 · 2024: 128 · 2023: 133 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 6.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Hematology & Oncology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81802255)
- Shanghai Pujiang Program (17PJD036)
- Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning Program (20174Y0131)
- National key research & development project (2016YFC0902300)
- Shanghai Shen Kang Hospital Development Center Clinical Research Plan of SHDC (16CR1001A)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- cGAS-STING pathway, STING agonist, cancer immunotherapy, cytosolic DNA sensing, interferon production, T cell priming, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PD-1, CTLA-4, cancer vaccines, adoptive T cell therapy, combination immunotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, STING Protein, Adenylyl Cyclases, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic, DNA, DNA, Neoplasm, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Humans, Immunotherapy, Membrane Proteins, Neoplasm Proteins, Neoplasms, Nucleotides, Cyclic, Signal Transduction, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Cancer Vaccines, Therapies, Investigational, Oncolytic Virotherapy, Mice, Protein Multimerization, CTLA-4 Antigen
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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