Delivery of mRNA vaccines with heterocyclic lipids increases anti-tumor efficacy by STING-mediated immune cell activation
Abstract
Therapeutic messenger RNA vaccines enable delivery of whole antigens, which can be advantageous over peptide vaccines. However, optimal efficacy requires both intracellular delivery, to allow antigen translation, and appropriate immune activation. Here, we developed a combinatorial library of ionizable lipid-like materials to identify mRNA delivery vehicles that facilitate mRNA delivery in vivo and provide potent and specific immune activation. Using a three-dimensional multi-component reaction system, we synthesized and evaluated the vaccine potential of over 1,000 lipid formulations. The top candidate formulations induced a robust immune response, and were able to inhibit tumor growth and prolong survival in melanoma and human papillomavirus E7 in vivo tumor models. The top-performing lipids share a common structure: an unsaturated lipid tail, a dihydroimidazole linker and cyclic amine head groups. These formulations induce antigen-presenting cell maturation via the intracellular stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, rather than through Toll-like receptors, and result in limited systemic cytokine expression and enhanced anti-tumor efficacy.
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Self-adjuvant lipids boost vaccine efficacy.
“Such multifunctional lipid materials include self-adjuvant lipids, which boost vaccine efficacy117,119, and paclitaxel-derived lipids, which allow integration of chemotherapies and gene therapies for the treatment of cancer118.”
From Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [117]
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- Authors
- Miao, L., Li, L., Huang, Y., Delcassian, D., Chahal, J., Han, J., Shi, Y., Sadtler, K., Gao, W., Lin, J., Doloff, J. C., Langer, R., & Anderson, D. G.
- Affiliations
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research At MIT (US)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Anderson, Daniel G.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Biotechnology
- Published
- 2019-09-30
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1174-1185
- ISSN
- 0733-222X (ISSN-L)
- 1087-0156
- 1546-1696
- OpenAlex
- W2974995951
- Cited by
- 723
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 74 · 2025: 124 · 2024: 142 · 2023: 126 · 2022: 106 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 21.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/I017801/1)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (F32EB025688)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Keywords
- mRNA vaccines, ionizable lipids, lipid nanoparticle formulation, STING pathway, antitumor immunity, melanoma, human papillomavirus E7, antigen-presenting cell maturation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Female, HeLa Cells, Humans, Interferons, Lipids, Mice, Inbred C57BL, RNA, Messenger, Pharmaceutical Vehicles, Signal Transduction, Cancer Vaccines, Mice, Small Molecule Libraries
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