Cited by 287Developmental and Educational NeuropsychologyChild and Animal Learning DevelopmentEarly Childhood Education and Development

Executive Function in Preschool Children: Examination Through Everyday Behavior

Isquith, Peter K., Gioia, Gerard A., Espy, Kimberly Andrews·2004·Developmental Neuropsychology

Abstract

Clinical assessment of executive function in preschool-age children is challenging given limited availability of standardized tasks and preschoolers' variable ability to participate in lengthy formal evaluation procedures. Given the benefits of ecological validity of measuring behavior by rating scales, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (Gioia, Isquith, Guy, & Kenworthy, 2000) was modified for use with children ages 2 through 5 years to assess executive functions in an everyday context. The scale development process, based on samples of 460 parents and 302 teachers, yielded a single 63-item measure with 5 related, but nonoverlapping, scales, with good internal consistency and temporal stability. Exploratory factor analyses identified 3 consistent factors: Emergent Metacognition, Flexibility, and Inhibitory Self-Control across parent and teacher samples. In a second study with a mixed sample of preschool children with various developmental disorders, parents and teachers rated these preschool children as having greater executive difficulties in most domains than matched controls. Such rating-scale methodology may be a useful complementary tool by which to reliably assess executive functions in preschool children via everyday behaviors in the natural environment.

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Crossref · 10.1207/s15326942dn2601_3

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32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • There are now validated questionnaires that can assist with acquiring information from various sources.

    “There are now validated questionnaires that can assist with acquiring this information from various sources”

    From Assessing Executive Function in Preschoolers (2012) · cites this paper as P.K. Isquith, Gioia, & Espy, 2004

  • A preschool version of the BRIEF, the BRIEF-P, exists and has parent and preschool/childcare teacher forms.

    “A preschool version of the BRIEF is available, called the BRIEF-P (P.K. Isquith, Gioia, & Espy, 2004), with forms for parents and preschool/childcare teachers.”

    From Assessing Executive Function in Preschoolers (2012) · cites this paper as P.K. Isquith, Gioia, & Espy, 2004

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Authors
Isquith, P. K., Gioia, G. A., & Espy, K. A.
Affiliations
Southern Illinois University Carbondale (US)
Venue
Developmental Neuropsychology
Published
2004-08
Volume
26
Issue
1
Pages
403-422
ISSN
  • 1532-6942 (ISSN-L)
  • 8756-5641
OpenAlex
W2075360203
Cited by
287
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 8
FWCI
5.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Developmental Neuropsychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
  • Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
Keywords
executive function, preschool children, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, rating scales, ecological validity, metacognition, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, developmental disorders, parent and teacher ratings, scale development
MeSH terms
Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Concept Formation, Emotions, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Neuropsychological Tests, Personality Assessment, Problem Solving, Psychometrics, Reference Values, Social Adjustment, Social Environment, Socialization, Reproducibility of Results

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