Cited by 50Visual perception and processing mechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain function

Cortical Control of Spatial Resolution by VIP+Interneurons

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Ayzenshtat, Inbal, Karnani, Mahesh Miikael, Jackson, Jesse, Yuste, Rafael·2016·The Journal of Neuroscience

Abstract

Neuronal tuning, defined by the degree of selectivity to a specific stimulus, is a hallmark of cortical computation. Understanding the role of GABAergic interneurons in shaping cortical tuning is now possible with the ability to manipulate interneuron classes selectively. Here, we show that interneurons expressing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP+) regulate the spatial frequency (SF) tuning of pyramidal neurons in mouse visual cortex. Using two-photon calcium imaging and optogenetic manipulations of VIP+cell activity, we found that activating VIP+cells elicited a stronger network response to stimuli of higher SFs, whereas suppressing VIP+cells resulted in a network response shift toward lower SFs. These results establish that cortical inhibition modulates the spatial resolution of visual processing and add further evidence demonstrating that feature selectivity depends, not only on the feedforward excitatory projections into the cortex, but also on dynamic intracortical modulations by specific forms of inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We demonstrate that interneurons expressing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP+) play a causal role in regulating the spatial frequency (SF) tuning of neurons in mouse visual cortex. We show that optogenetic activation of VIP+cells results in a shift in network preference toward higher SFs, whereas suppressing them shifts the network toward lower SFs. Several studies have shown that VIP+cells are sensitive to neuromodulation and increase their firing during locomotion, whisking, and pupil dilation and are involved in spatially specific top-down modulation, reminiscent of the effects of top-down attention, and also that attention enhances spatial resolution. Our findings provide a bridge between these studies by establishing the inhibitory circuitry that regulates these fundamental modulations of SF in the cortex.

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  • Different interneuron populations may also differentially influence heterogeneity of gain modulation.

    “and different interneuron populations may also differentially influence this heterogeneity114.”

    From Mechanisms underlying gain modulation in the cortex (2020) · cites this paper as [114]

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Authors
Ayzenshtat, I., Karnani, M. M., Jackson, J., & Yuste, R.
Affiliations
Columbia University (US)
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Published
2016-11-09
Volume
36
Issue
45
Pages
11498-11509
ISSN
  • 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2401
OpenAlex
W2553564376
Cited by
50
References
70
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3
FWCI
2.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (N66001-15-C-4032)
  • Advanced Research Projects Agency (W911NF-12-1-0594)
  • Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (W911NF1210594)
  • National Eye Institute (R01EY011787, DP1EY024503)
  • Army Research Office (W911NF-12-1-0594, W911NF)
  • Army Research Laboratory (W911NF-12-1-0594, W911NF)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Keywords
vasoactive intestinal peptide, VIP interneurons, GABAergic interneurons, spatial frequency tuning, visual cortex, cortical inhibition, spatial resolution, feature selectivity, top-down attention, optogenetic manipulation, neuromodulation
MeSH terms
Animals, Interneurons, Nerve Net, Neural Inhibition, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Visual Cortex, Visual Fields, Visual Perception, Mice

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