Sustained release and standard methylphenidate effects on cognitive and social behavior in children with attention deficit disorder

Pelham, William E.; Sturges, James; Hoza, JoAnn; Schmidt, Casey; Bijlsma, Jan Jaap; Milich, Richard; Moorer, Sam

doi:10.1542/peds.80.4.491

Cited by 170Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderBehavioral and Psychological StudiesDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Sustained release and standard methylphenidate effects on cognitive and social behavior in children with attention deficit disorder

Pelham, William E., Sturges, James, Hoza, JoAnn, Schmidt, Casey, Bijlsma, Jan Jaap, Milich, Richard, Moorer, Sam·1987·PEDIATRICS

DOI 10.1542/peds.80.4.491

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Abstract

Two studies were conducted to investigate the relative effects of sustained release methylphenidate (Ritalin [SR-20]) and standard methylphenidate (Ritalin, 10 mg, administered twice daily). In the first study, 13 boys with attention deficit disorder participating in a summer treatment program went through a double-blind, within-subject trial of each form of methylphenidate and placebo. Measures of social and cognitive behavior were gathered in classroom and play settings. Although group analyses of the data showed that both drugs were effective and there were few differences between them, standard methylphenidate was superior to SR-20 on several important measures of disruptive behavior. Furthermore, analyses of individual responsivity showed clearly that most boys responded more positively to standard methylphenidate than to SR-20. The second study involved a partially overlapping group of nine boys with attention deficit disorder participating in the same summer treatment program. Also double-blind, within-subject, and placebo controlled, this study tracked the time courses of the two forms of methylphenidate. Both were shown to have similar time courses on the Abbreviated Conners Rating Scale and other measures, but SR-20 had a slower onset than did the standard drug form on a continuous performance task. Effects of SR-20 were still evident eight hours after ingestion.

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The short duration of action of available stimulants necessitates multiple daily doses for many children to provide effective symptom management.
“Specifically, the short duration of action of available stimulants necessitates multiple daily doses for many children to provide effective symptom management (Pelham et al., 1987;Swanson et al., 1978).”
From Analog Classroom Assessment of a Once-Daily Mixed Amphetamine Formulation, SLI381 (ADDERALL XR), in Children With ADHD (2003) · cites this paper as Pelham et al., 1987

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Authors: Pelham, W. E., Sturges, J., Hoza, J., Schmidt, C., Bijlsma, J. J., Milich, R., & Moorer, S.
Affiliations: Florida State University (US)
ORCID: Pelham, William E.
Sturges, James
Venue: PEDIATRICS
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Published: 1987-10-01
Volume: 80
Issue: 4
Pages: 491-501
ISSN: 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
1098-4275
DOI: 10.1542/peds.80.4.491
OpenAlex: W2158421224
Cited by: 167
References: 0
Citations by year: 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 3.46
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) (submittedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords: methylphenidate, attention deficit disorder, children, cognitive behavior, social behavior, disruptive behavior, drug formulation comparison, time course of drug effects, continuous performance test, Conners rating scales, summer treatment program
MeSH terms: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Cognition, Delayed-Action Preparations, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Random Allocation, Social Behavior, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors

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Sustained release and standard methylphenidate effects on cognitive and social behavior in children with attention deficit disorder

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