Cited by 1,764Attachment and Relationship DynamicsChild and Animal Learning DevelopmentChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Attachment, Exploration, and Separation: Illustrated by the Behavior of One-Year-Olds in a Strange Situation

Ainsworth, Mary D. Salter, Bell, Silvia M.·1970·Child Development

DOI 10.2307/1127388

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Mary D. Salter Ainsworth, Silvia M. Bell, Attachment, Exploration, and Separation: Illustrated by the Behavior of One-Year-Olds in a Strange Situation, Child Development, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Mar., 1970), pp. 49-67

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2307/1127388

Cites

28 of 28 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Untitled work
(1969) · Cited by 18,340
The nature of the child’s tie to his mother 1
Bowlby, J. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429475931-15 · Cited by 2,386
Object relations, dependency, and attachment: a theoretical review of the infant-mother relationship
Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1969) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1127008 · Cited by 1,461
Self-citation
Untitled work
(1967) · Cited by 1,209
Self-citation
The Development of Social Attachments in Infancy
Schaffer, H. R., & Emerson, P. E. (1964) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1165727 · Cited by 644
The Affectional Systems
Harlow, H. F., & Harlow, M. K. (1965) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-2821-1.50008-2 · Cited by 575
Behavior of Nonhuman Primates.
Southwick, C. H. (1966) · PubMed Central · Cited by 567
Determinants of infant behavior
Dobbs, J. M. (1964) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(64)80303-6 · Cited by 520
The behaviour of socially living rhesus monkeys in their first two and a half years
Hinde, R. A., & Spencer‐Booth, Y. (1967) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(67)80029-0 · Cited by 331
THE ROLE OF EYE‐TO‐EYE CONTACT IN MATERNAL‐INFANT ATTACHMENT
Robson, K. S. (1967) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1967.tb02176.x · Cited by 325

Show all 29 references

Sorted by citations

Toward an experimental ecology of human development.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.32.7.513 · Cited by 10,853
PLACE ATTACHMENT: CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL QUESTIONS
HIDALGO, M. C., & Hernández, B. (2001) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1006/jevp.2001.0221 · Cited by 2,421
The origins of attachment theory: John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth.
Bretherton, I. (1992) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.28.5.759 · Cited by 2,318
An Ethological Approach to Personality Development
Ainsworth, M. S., & Bowlby, J. (1991) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.46.4.333 · Cited by 1,004
Self-citation
Psychological well-being: evidence regarding its causes and consequences
Huppert, F. A. (2009) · Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01008.x · Cited by 1,583
Object relations, dependency, and attachment: a theoretical review of the infant-mother relationship
Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1969) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1127008 · Cited by 1,461
Self-citation
Into the unknown: A review and synthesis of contemporary models involving uncertainty
Carleton, R. N. (2016) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.02.007 · Cited by 1,104
INFANT CRYING AND MATERNAL RESPONSIVENESS
Bell, S. M. V., & Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1972) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1127506 · Cited by 899
Self-citation
Adult attachment predicts maternal brain and oxytocin response to infant cues.
Strathearn, L., Fonagy, P., Amico, J., & Montague, P. R. (2009) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2009.103 · Cited by 773
Fear of the unknown: One fear to rule them all?
Carleton, R. N. (2016) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.03.011 · Cited by 647
Interactions with robots: the truths we reveal about ourselves
Broadbent, E. (2017) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-043958 · Cited by 547
Brain basis of early parent–infant interactions: psychology, physiology, and in vivo functional neuroimaging studies
Swain, J. E., Lorberbaum, J. P., Kose, S., & Strathearn, L. (2007) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01731.x · Cited by 499
A new Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale: links with early maternal mood
Taylor, A., Atkins, R., Kumar, R., Adams, D., & Glover, V. (2005) · Archives of Women’s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-005-0074-z · Cited by 481
THE ORIGINS OF ATTACHMENT THEORY
Bowlby, J. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203440841-8 · Cited by 481
What’s in a smile? Maternal brain responses to infant facial cues
Strathearn, L., Li, J., Fonagy, P., & Montague, P. R. (2008) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2007-1566 · Cited by 460
Validity of Web-Based Psychological Research
Krantz, J. H., & Dalal, R. S. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012099980-4/50003-4 · Cited by 429
Mind matters: A meta-analysis on parental mentalization and sensitivity as predictors of infant–parent attachment.
Zeegers, M. A. J., Colonnesi, C., Stams, G. J. J. M., & Meins, E. (2017) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000114 · Cited by 478
Are infant attachment patterns continuously or categorically distributed? A taxometric analysis of strange situation behavior.
Fraley, R. C., & Spieker, S. (2003) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.39.3.387 · Cited by 465
Antecedents of emotional attachment to brands
Grisaffe, D. B., & Nguyen, H. P. (2010) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.11.002 · Cited by 453
How Interpersonal Motives Clarify the Meaning of Interpersonal Behavior: A Revised Circumplex Model
Horowitz, L. M., Wilson, K. R., Turan, B., Zolotsev, P., Constantino, M. J., & Henderson, L. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr1001_4 · Cited by 405
Interpersonal foundations of psychopathology.
Horowitz, L. M. (2004) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10727-000 · Cited by 391
Dopamine neurons projecting to the posterior striatum reinforce avoidance of threatening stimuli
Menegas, W., Akiti, K., Amo, R., Uchida, N., & Watabe‐Uchida, M. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0222-1 · Cited by 392
Transition From Crawling to Walking and Infants’ Actions With Objects and People
Karasik, L. B., Tamis‐LeMonda, C. S., & Adolph, K. E. (2011) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01595.x · Cited by 379
The History and the Future of the Psychology of Filial Piety: Chinese Norms to Contextualized Personality Construct
Bedford, O. A., & Yeh, K. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00100 · Cited by 391
Attachment and emotion regulation in substance addictions and behavioral addictions
Estévez, A., Jáuregui, P., Sánchez-Marcos, I., López-González, H., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.6.2017.086 · Cited by 371
Is Infant-Directed Speech Prosody a Result of the Vocal Expression of Emotion?
Trainor, L. J., Austin, C. M., & Desjardins, R. N. (2000) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00240 · Cited by 371
Maternal buffering of human amygdala-prefrontal circuitry during childhood but not during adolescence
Gee, D. G., Gabard-Durnam, L., Telzer, E. H., Humphreys, K. L., Goff, B., Shapiro, M., Flannery, J., Lumian, D. S., Fareri, D. S., Caldera, C., et al. (2014) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797614550878 · Cited by 363
Chinese parents’ goals and practices in early childhood
Luo, R., Tamis‐LeMonda, C. S., & Song, L. (2013) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2013.08.001 · Cited by 360
Settling for less out of fear of being single.
Spielmann, S. S., MacDonald, G., Maxwell, J. A., Joel, S., Peragine, D. E., Muise, A., & Impett, E. A. (2013) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034628 · Cited by 338
Is the dog-human relationship an attachment bond? An observational study using Ainsworth's strange situation
Prato-Previde, E., Custance, D. M., Spiezio, C., & Sabatini, F. (2003) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853903321671514 · Cited by 262
The Social Regulation of Emotion: An Integrative, Cross-Disciplinary Model
Reeck, C., Ames, D. R., & Ochsner, K. N. (2015) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2015.09.003 · Cited by 356
Addiction to Social Media and Attachment Styles: A Systematic Literature Review
D’Arienzo, M. C., Boursier, V., & Griffiths, M. D. (2019) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-019-00082-5 · Cited by 283
Early Face-to-Face Interaction and Its Relation to Later Infant-Mother Attachment
Blehar, M. C., Lieberman, A. F., & Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1977) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1128897 · Cited by 283
Self-citation
Maternal Systemic Interleukin-6 During Pregnancy Is Associated With Newborn Amygdala Phenotypes and Subsequent Behavior at 2 Years of Age
Graham, A. M., Rasmussen, J. M., Rudolph, M. D., Heim, C. M., Gilmore, J. H., Styner, M., Potkin, S. G., Entringer, S., Wadhwa, P. D., Fair, D. A., et al. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.027 · Cited by 282
Evolutionary Developmental Psychology
Geary, D. C., & Bjorklund, D. F. (2000) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00118 · Cited by 294
What is Approach Motivation?
Harmon‐Jones, E., Harmon‐Jones, C., & Price, T. F. (2013) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/1754073913477509 · Cited by 304
The role of interpersonal functioning in the maintenance of eating psychopathology: A systematic review and testable model
Arcelus, J., Haslam, M., Farrow, C., & Meyer, C. (2013) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.10.009 · Cited by 276
INFANT OBEDIENCE AND MATERNAL BEHAVIOR: THE ORIGINS OF SOCIALIZATION RECONSIDERED
Stayton, D. J., Hogan, R. T., & Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1971) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1127792 · Cited by 274
Self-citation
Children's Need to Know: Curiosity in Schools
Engel, S. (2011) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.81.4.h054131316473115 · Cited by 269
Maternal neglect: oxytocin, dopamine and the neurobiology of attachment
Strathearn, L. (2011) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02228.x · Cited by 268
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF OBJECT AS RELATED TO INFANT-MOTHER ATTACHMENT
Bell, S. M. V. (1970) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1127033 · Cited by 263
Self-citation
The quality of mother-infant attachment and its relationship to toddlers' initial sociability with peers.
Pastor, D. L. (1981) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.17.3.326 · Cited by 262
The Contributing Role of Family, School, and Peer Supportive Relationships in Protecting the Mental Wellbeing of Children and Adolescents
Butler, N., Quigg, Z., Bates, R., Jones, L., Ashworth, E., Gowland, S., & Jones, M. (2022) · School Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s12310-022-09502-9 · Cited by 254
Investigation of nomophobia and smartphone addiction predictors among adolescents in Turkey: Demographic variables and academic performance
Durak, H. Y. (2018) · The Social Science Journal · doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2018.09.003 · Cited by 296
Transitions in Early Mental Development
McCall, R. B., Eichorn, D. H., Hogarty, P. S., Užgiris, I. Č., & Schaefer, E. S. (1977) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1165992 · Cited by 246
The effects of interaction quality on neural synchrony during mother-child problem solving
Nguyen, T., Schleihauf, H., Kayhan, E., Matthes, D., Vrtička, P., & Hoehl, S. (2019) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2019.11.020 · Cited by 224
Affiliative behaviour during escape to building exits
Sime, J. D. (1983) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(83)80019-x · Cited by 226
Empathy from infancy to adolescence: An attachment perspective on the development of individual differences
Stern, J. A., & Cassidy, J. (2018) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2017.09.002 · Cited by 222
Developing Typologies in Qualitative Research: The Use of Ideal-type Analysis
Stapley, E., O’Keeffe, S., & Midgley, N. (2022) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069221100633 · Cited by 208
Quotidian resilience: Exploring mechanisms that drive resilience from a perspective of everyday stress and coping
DiCorcia, J. A., & Tronick, E. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.04.008 · Cited by 226
Recognition, discrimination and categorization of smiling by 5‐month‐old infants
Bornstein, M. H., & Arterberry, M. E. (2003) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/1467-7687.00314 · Cited by 211
The Positives of Negative Emotions: Willingness to Express Negative Emotions Promotes Relationships
Graham, S. M., Huang, J. Y., Clark, M. S., & Helgeson, V. S. (2008) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167207311281 · Cited by 259
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Development
de Haan, M., & Johnson, M. (2005) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203989395 · Cited by 193
Gender Differences in Owners Interacting with Pet Dogs: An Observational Study
Prato‐Previde, E., Fallani, G., & Valsecchi, P. (2006) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2006.01123.x · Cited by 189
Imitation in infancy: the wealth of the stimulus
Ray, E., & Heyes, C. (2011) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00961.x · Cited by 332
A counterbalanced version of Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure reveals secure-base effects in dog–human relationships
Palmer, R. N., & Custance, D. M. (2007) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2007.04.002 · Cited by 187
Prospective investigation of stress inoculation in young monkeys
Parker, K. J., Buckmaster, C. L., Schatzberg, A. F., & Lyons, D. M. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.9.933 · Cited by 185
The determinants of exploration and neophobia
Corey, D. T. (1978) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(78)90033-7 · Cited by 189
Adult preferences for infantile facial features: an ethological approach
Sternglanz, S. H., Gray, J. L., & Murakami, M. (1977) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/0003-3472(77)90072-0 · Cited by 180
Attachment behaviors in autistic children
Sigman, M., & Ungerer, J. A. (1984) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02409576 · Cited by 183
Infant bonding and attachment to the caregiver: insights from basic and clinical science
Sullivan, R., Perry, R., Sloan, A., Kleinhaus, K., & Burtchen, N. (2011) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.clp.2011.08.011 · Cited by 181
Attachment, culture, and the caregiving system: The cultural patterning of everyday experiences among Anglo and Puerto Rican mother–infant pairs
Carlson, V. J., & Harwood, R. L. (2003) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/imhj.10043 · Cited by 182
Neurobiology of infant attachment
Moriceau, S., & Sullivan, R. M. (2005) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.20093 · Cited by 187
Attachment theory: Implications for school psychology
Kennedy, J. H., & Kennedy, C. E. (2004) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.10153 · Cited by 179
Paediatric population neuroimaging and the Generation R Study: the second wave
White, T. J. H., Muetzel, R. L., Marroun, H. E., Blanken, L. M. E., Jansen, P. R., Bolhuis, K., Kocevska, D., Mous, S. E., Mulder, R. H., Jaddoe, V. W. V., et al. (2017) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-017-0319-y · Cited by 178
Children with incarcerated mothers: Developmental outcomes, special challenges and recommendations
Dallaire, D. H. (2006) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2006.10.003 · Cited by 171
Maternal prenatal stress and cortisol reactivity to stressors in human infants
Tollenaar, M. S., Beijers, R., Jansen, J., Riksen‐Walraven, J. M., & de Weerth, C. (2010) · Stress · doi:10.3109/10253890.2010.499485 · Cited by 182
Heart rate and behavioural responses of dogs in the Ainsworth's Strange Situation: A pilot study
Palestrini, C., Previde, E. P., Spiezio, C., & Verga, M. (2005) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2005.02.005 · Cited by 170
My virtual friend: A qualitative analysis of the attitudes and experiences of Smartphone users: Implications for Smartphone attachment
Fullwood, C., Quinn, S., Kaye, L. K., & Redding, C. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.05.029 · Cited by 162
Parent–child attachment: meta-analysis of associations with parenting behaviors in middle childhood and adolescence
Koehn, A. J., & Kerns, K. A. (2017) · Attachment & Human Development · doi:10.1080/14616734.2017.1408131 · Cited by 162
Expressions of the Attachment Relationship Outside of the Strange Situation
Pederson, D. R., & Moran, G. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01773.x · Cited by 161
The Resilience handbook: approaches to stress and trauma
(2014) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.51-5313 · Cited by 162
Moving Ourselves, Moving Others
Zlatev, J., Racine, T. P., Lüdtke, U. M., & Foolen, A. (2012) · Consciousness & emotion book series · doi:10.1075/ceb.6 · Cited by 161
A functional neuro-anatomical model of human attachment (NAMA): Insights from first- and second-person social neuroscience
Long, M., Verbeke, W., Ein‐Dor, T., & Vrtička, P. (2020) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2020.01.010 · Cited by 169
Of “Likes” and “Pins”: The Effects of Consumers’ Attachment to Social Media
VanMeter, R. A., Grisaffe, D. B., & Chonko, L. B. (2015) · Journal of Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1016/j.intmar.2015.09.001 · Cited by 155
Interspecies transmission of emotional information via chemosignals: from humans to dogs (Canis lupus familiaris)
D’Aniello, B., Semin, G. R., Alterisio, A., Aria, M., & Scandurra, A. (2017) · Animal Cognition · doi:10.1007/s10071-017-1139-x · Cited by 168
The role of oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) DNA methylation (DNAm) in human social and emotional functioning: a systematic narrative review
Maud, C., Ryan, J., McIntosh, J. E., & Olsson, C. A. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1740-9 · Cited by 151
“using gold-standard protocols, for example, human attachment behaviour, within observational designs [65].”
Method
Mother-Attachment and Stranger-Reactions in the Third Year of Life
Maccoby, E. E., & Feldman, S. S. (1972) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1165693 · Cited by 149
Caregiving and infant behavior in day care and in homes.
Rubenstein, J. L., & Howes, C. H. (1979) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037//0012-1649.15.1.1 · Cited by 146
A theory of social thermoregulation in human primates
IJzerman, H., Coan, J. A., Wagemans, F. M. A., Missler, M. A., van Beest, I., Lindenberg, S. M., & Tops, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00464 · Cited by 150
Predictors of Academic-Related Stress in College Students: An Examination of Coping, Social Support, Parenting, and Anxiety
Renk, K., & Smith, T. (2007) · NASPA Journal · doi:10.2202/1949-6605.1829 · Cited by 145
Evolution of the Conceptualization of Filial Piety in the Global Context: From Skin to Skeleton
Bedford, O., & Yeh, K.-H. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.570547 · Cited by 146
The Relationship between Out-of-Home Care and the Quality of Infant-Mother Attachment in an Economically Disadvantaged Population
Vaughn, B. E., Gove, F. L., & Egeland, B. R. (1980) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1129562 · Cited by 142
Attachment theory as applied to wartime and job-related marital separation.
Vormbrock, J. K. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.122 · Cited by 138
Implications of newborn amygdala connectivity for fear and cognitive development at 6-months-of-age
Graham, A. M., Buss, C., Rasmussen, J. M., Rudolph, M. D., Demeter, D. V., Gilmore, J. H., Styner, M., Entringer, S., Wadhwa, P. D., & Fair, D. A. (2016) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2015.09.006 · Cited by 122
Regional ambient temperature is associated with human personality
Wei, W., Lu, J. G., Galinsky, A. D., Wu, H., Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., Yuan, W., Zhang, Q., Guo, Y., Zhang, M., et al. (2017) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0240-0 · Cited by 129
Individual Differences in the Development of Some Attachment Behaviors.
Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1972) · Merrill-palmer Quarterly · Cited by 131
Self-citation
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation: A Review of Social and Developmental Components
Barthel, A. L., Hay, A. C., Doan, S. N., & Hofmann, S. G. (2018) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1017/bec.2018.19 · Cited by 142
The neuroscience of social feelings: mechanisms of adaptive social functioning
Eslinger, P. J., Anders, S., Ballarini, T., Boutros, S., Krach, S., Mayer, A. V., Moll, J., Newton, T. L., Schroeter, M. L., de Oliveira-Souza, R., et al. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.028 · Cited by 130
Regulation of negative reactivity during the strange situation: Temperament and attachment in 12-month-old infants
Braungart, J. M., & Stifter, C. A. (1991) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/0163-6383(91)90027-p · Cited by 129
Anxious Attachment and Defensive Reactions Associated with Day Care
Blehar, M. C. (1974) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1974.tb00652.x · Cited by 129
The influence of the high school classroom environment on learning as mediated by student engagement
Shernoff, D. J., Ruzek, E. A., & Sinha, S. (2016) · School Psychology International · doi:10.1177/0143034316666413 · Cited by 161
Interrelated and interdependent
Diamond, A. D. (2006) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00578.x · Cited by 137
Brain development, infant communication, and empathy disorders: Intrinsic factors in child mental health
Trevarthen, C., & Aitken, K. J. (1994) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579400004703 · Cited by 128
Attachment bonds between domestic cats and humans
Vitale, K. R., Behnke, A. C., & Udell, M. A. R. (2019) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.08.036 · Cited by 113
Don't Just “Like” Me, Promote Me: How Attachment and Attitude Influence Brand Related Behaviors on Social Media
VanMeter, R. A., Syrdal, H. A., Mantel, S. P., Grisaffe, D. B., & Nesson, E. T. (2018) · Journal of Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1016/j.intmar.2018.03.003 · Cited by 132
Anxious, bored, and (maybe) missing out: Evaluation of anxiety attachment, boredom proneness, and fear of missing out (FoMO)
Holte, A. J., & Ferraro, F. R. (2020) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2020.106465 · Cited by 122
Early Adversity and the Neotenous Human Brain
Tottenham, N. (2019) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.06.018 · Cited by 131
Predicting children's separation anxiety at age 6: The contributions of infant–mother attachment security, maternal sensitivity, and maternal separation anxiety
Dallaire, D. H., & Weinraub, M. (2005) · Attachment & Human Development · doi:10.1080/14616730500365894 · Cited by 115
Depressive symptoms and negative life events: What psycho-social factors protect or harm left-behind children in China?
Guang, Y., Feng, Z., Yang, G., Yang, Y., Wang, L., Dai, Q., Hu, C., Liu, K., Zhang, R., Xia, F., et al. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1554-1 · Cited by 113

Authors: Ainsworth, M. D. S., & Bell, S. M.
Affiliations: Johns Hopkins University (US)
Venue: Child Development
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 1970-03
Volume: 41
Issue: 1
Pages: 49
ISSN: 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2307/1127388
OpenAlex: W2091863037
Cited by: 1,764
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 62 · 2025: 77 · 2024: 93 · 2023: 76 · 2022: 83 · 2021: 105 · 2020: 126 · 2019: 151 · 2018: 104 · 2017: 114 · 2016: 77 · 2015: 88 · 2014: 84 · 2013: 66 · 2012: 56
FWCI: 27.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Child Development (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: attachment, exploration, separation, stranger anxiety, one-year-old children, Strange Situation Procedure, infant behavior
MeSH terms: Anxiety, Separation, Crying, Exploratory Behavior, Humans, Infant, Maternal Deprivation, Mother-Child Relations, Object Attachment

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Attachment, Exploration, and Separation: Illustrated by the Behavior of One-Year-Olds in a Strange Situation

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks