High-Intensity Interval Training Attenuates Insulin Resistance Induced by Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Males
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: Sleep deprivation can impair several physiological systems and recently, new evidence has pointed to the relationship between a lack of sleep and carbohydrate metabolism, consequently resulting in insulin resistance. To minimize this effect, High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is emerging as a potential strategy. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of HIIT on insulin resistance induced by sleep deprivation. Method: 11 healthy male volunteers were recruited, aged 18-35 years, who declared taking 7-8 h sleep per night. All volunteers were submitted to four different conditions: a single night of regular sleep (RS condition), 24 hours of total sleep deprivation (SD condition), HIIT training followed by regular sleep (HIIT+RS condition), and HIIT training followed by 24 hours of total sleep deprivation (HIIT+SD condition). They performed six training sessions over 2 weeks and each session consisted of 8-12 x 60s intervals at 100% of peak power output. In each experimental condition, tests for glucose, insulin, cortisol, free fatty acids, and insulin sensitivity, measured by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), were performed. Results: Sleep deprivation increased glycaemia and insulin levels, as well as the area under the curve. Furthermore, an increase in free fatty acids concentrations and basal metabolism was observed. There were no differences in the concentrations of cortisol. However, HIIT before 24 hours of sleep deprivation attenuated the increase of glucose, insulin and free fatty acids. Conclusion: 24 hours of sleep deprivation resulted in acute insulin resistance. However, HIIT is an effective strategy to minimize the deleterious effects promoted by this condition.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Six HIIT sessions during the 2 weeks prior to a 24-h sleep restriction period reduced basal and postprandial glycaemic and insulinemic responses, and basal free fatty acid levels induced by 24 h of sleep deprivation in healthy young adult men.
“de Souza et al. reported that 6 HIIT sessions during the 2 weeks prior to a 24-h sleep restriction period was an effective strategy to reduce the basal and postprandial glycaemic and insulinemic responses, and basal free fatty acid levels induced by 24 h of sleep deprivation in healthy young adult men.”
From The effects of sleep disruption on metabolism, hunger, and satiety, and the influence of psychosocial stress and exercise: A narrative review (2024) · cites this paper as [155]
Previous studies have shown acute positive and protective effects of exercise on sleep-loss-induced changes in glucose tolerance, but these studies assessed glucose tolerance either immediately after or within 24 h of exercise.
“While others have shown acute positive [49] and protective [50] effects of exercise on sleep-loss-induced changes in glucose tolerance, these studies assessed glucose tolerance either immediately after or within 24 h of exercise.”
From Exercise mitigates sleep-loss-induced changes in glucose tolerance, mitochondrial function, sarcoplasmic protein synthesis, and diurnal rhythms (2021) · cites this paper as [50]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I.-M., Nieman, D. C., & Swain, D. P. (2011) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318213fefb · Cited by 9,319 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Among the strategies that can minimize the negative impact of insulin resistance, regular physical exercise emerges as a non-pharmacological strategy offering health benefits for the general population (Garber et al., 2011) and acts directly on the regulation of glucose metabolism from acute and chronic effects, activ…”
BackgroundThe World Health Report 2002 - Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life
Available, N. A. N. (2003) · Education for Health · doi:10.1080/1357628031000116808 · Cited by 6,051 · see citing works
Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function
Spiegel, K., Leproult, R., & Van Cauter, E. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01376-8 · Cited by 3,668 · see citing works
Exercise, GLUT4, and skeletal muscle glucose uptake
Richter, E. A., & Hargreaves, M. (2013) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00038.2012 · Cited by 1,407 · see citing works
The metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation
Knutson, K. L., Spiegel, K., Penev, P., & Van Cauter, E. (2007) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2007.01.002 · Cited by 1,365 · see citing works
Aerobic High-Intensity Intervals Improve V˙O2max More Than Moderate Training
HELGERUD, J., HØYDAL, K., WANG, E., KARLSEN, T., BERG, P., BJERKAAS, M., SIMONSEN, T., HELGESEN, C., HJORTH, N., BACH, R., et al. (2007) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3180304570 · Cited by 1,332 · see citing works
Dresner, A., Laurent, D., Marcucci, M., Griffin, M. E., Dufour, S., Cline, G. W., Slezak, L. A., Andersen, D. K., Hundal, R. S., Rothman, D. L., et al. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci5001 · Cited by 1,311 · see citing works
Burgomaster, K. A., Howarth, K. R., Phillips, S. M., Rakobowchuk, M., MacDonald, M. J., McGee, S. L., & Gibala, M. J. (2008) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2007.142109 · Cited by 1,257 · see citing works
Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index
Bertolazi, A. N., Fagondes, S. C., Hoff, L. S., Dartora, E. G., da Silva Miozzo, I. C., de Barba, M. E. F., & Menna Barreto, S. S. (2011) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2010.04.020 · Cited by 1,211 · see citing works
Insulin sensitivity: Modulation by nutrients and inflammation
Schenk, S., Saberi, M., & Olefsky, J. M. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci34260 · Cited by 1,191 · see citing works
Kelley, D. E., Goodpaster, B., Wing, R. R., & Simoneau, J.-A. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.e1130 · Cited by 1,096 · see citing works
Gibala, M. J., Little, J. P., Van Essen, M., Wilkin, G. P., Burgomaster, K. A., Safdar, A., Raha, S., & Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2006) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.112094 · Cited by 1,082 · see citing works
Slow-wave sleep and the risk of type 2 diabetes in humans
Tasali, E., Leproult, R., Ehrmann, D. A., & Van Cauter, E. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0706446105 · Cited by 921 · see citing works
Burgomaster, K. A., Hughes, S. C., Heigenhauser, G. J. F., Bradwel, S. N., & Gibala, M. J. (2005) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01095.2004 · Cited by 856 · see citing works
Little, J. P., Safdar, A., Wilkin, G. P., Tarnopolsky, M. A., & Gibala, M. J. (2010) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.181743 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Michael, L. F., Wu, Z., Cheatham, R. B., Puigserver, P., Adelmant, G., Lehman, J. J., Kelly, D. P., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.061035098 · Cited by 663 · see citing works
Portuguese-language version of the Epworth sleepiness scale: validation for use in Brazil
Bertolazi, A. N., Fagondes, S. C., Hoff, L. S., Pedro, V. D., Barreto, S. S. M., & Johns, M. W. (2009) · Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia · doi:10.1590/s1806-37132009000900009 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
Sleep Restriction for 1 Week Reduces Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men
Buxton, O. M., Pavlova, M., Reid, E. W., Wang, W., Simonson, D. C., & Adler, G. K. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-0699 · Cited by 604 · cited 5× · see citing works
“, 2010), accompanied by reduced sensitivity of tissues to insulin (VanHelder et al., 1993; Tasali et al., 2008; Buxton et al., 2010; Klingenberg et al., 2013), is observed in different sleep deprivation protocols.”
BackgroundInfluentialTalanian, J. L., Galloway, S. D. R., Heigenhauser, G. J. F., Bonen, A., & Spriet, L. L. (2006) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01098.2006 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Gibala, M. J., McGee, S. L., Garnham, A. P., Howlett, K. F., Snow, R. J., & Hargreaves, M. (2009) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.90880.2008 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Whyte, L. J., Gill, J. M. R., & Cathcart, A. J. (2010) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2010.01.002 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Donga, E., van Dijk, M., van Dijk, J. G., Biermasz, N. R., Lammers, G.-J., van Kralingen, K. W., Corssmit, E. P. M., & Romijn, J. A. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-2430 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity after exercise in human skeletal muscle
Wojtaszewski, J. F., Hansen, B. F., Gade, Kiens, B., Markuns, J. F., Goodyear, L. J., & Richter, E. A. (2000) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.3.325 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Daussin, F. N., Zoll, J., Dufour, S. P., Ponsot, E., Lonsdorfer-Wolf, E., Doutreleau, S., Mettauer, B., Piquard, F., Geny, B., & Richard, R. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00875.2007 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Babraj, J. A., Vollaard, N. B., Keast, C., Guppy, F. M., Cottrell, G., & Timmons, J. A. (2009) · BMC Endocrine Disorders · doi:10.1186/1472-6823-9-3 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake During Exercise: How is it Regulated?
Rose, A. J., & Richter, E. A. (2005) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00012.2005 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Effect of Exercise Intensity on Skeletal Muscle AMPK Signaling in Humans
Chen, Z.-P., Stephens, T. J., Murthy, S., Canny, B. J., Hargreaves, M., Witters, L. A., Kemp, B. E., & McConell, G. K. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.9.2205 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Broussard, J. L., Ehrmann, D. A., Van Cauter, E., Tasali, E., & Brady, M. J. (2012) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-8-201210160-00005 · Cited by 364 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Changes in glucose metabolism following a period of sleep deprivation can be explained by decreased phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt that is closely linked to insulin signaling (Broussard et al., 2012).”
BackgroundProlonged increase in insulin-stimulated glucose transport in muscle after exercise
Cartee, G. D., Young, D. A., Sleeper, M. D., Zierath, J., Wallberg-Henriksson, H., & Holloszy, J. O. (1989) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1989.256.4.e494 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Nedeltcheva, A. V., Kessler, L., Imperial, J., & Penev, P. D. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0483 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Benedetti, T. R. B., Antunes, P. D. C., Rodríguez-Añez, C. R., Mazo, G. Z., & Petroski, E. L. (2007) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte · doi:10.1590/s1517-86922007000100004 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Leahy, J. L., Cooper, H. E., Deal, D. A., & Weir, G. C. (1986) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112389 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Gillen, J. B., Little, J. P., Punthakee, Z., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Riddell, M. C., & Gibala, M. J. (2012) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01564.x · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Chavey, A., Pierron, A., Durand, I., Murdaca, J., Giudicelli, J., & OBBERGHEN, E. V. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db05-0857 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
INTERACTIONS OF CORTISOL, TESTOSTERONE, AND RESISTANCE TRAINING: INFLUENCE OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS
Hayes, L., Bickerstaff, G., & Baker, J. (2010) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420521003778773 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Richards, J. C., Johnson, T. K., Kuzma, J. N., Lonac, M. C., Schweder, M. M., Voyles, W. F., & Bell, C. (2010) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2010.189886 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Reduced Lipid Oxidation in Skeletal Muscle From Type 2 Diabetic Subjects May Be of Genetic Origin
Gaster, M., Rustan, A. C., Aas, V., & Beck-Nielsen, H. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.3.542 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Regular exercise enhances insulin activation of IRS-1-associated PI3-kinase in human skeletal muscle
Kirwan, J. P., Aguila, L. F. D., Hernandez, J. M., Williamson, D. L., O’Gorman, D. J., Lewis, R. R., & Krishnan, R. K. (2000) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.88.2.797 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Sleep restriction increases free fatty acids in healthy men
Broussard, J. L., Chapotot, F., Abraham, V., Day, A., Delebecque, F., Whitmore, H. R., & Tasali, E. (2015) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3500-4 · Cited by 156 · cited 1× · see citing works
“After 4 consecutive nights of sleep restriction, Broussard et al. (2015) analyzed metabolic variables for 24 h, during which time there was an increase of 15–30% in FFA concentrations, especially in the period between 4 and 9 a.m., which coincides with the timing of collections of this study…”
MethodLuciano, E., Carneiro, E. M., Carvalho, C. R. D. O., Carvalheira, J. B. C., Peres, S. B., Reis, M., Saad, M., Boschero, A. C., & Velloso, L. A. (2002) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1470149 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Rac1 Is a Novel Regulator of Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle
Sylow, L., Jensen, T. E., Kleinert, M., Mouatt, J. R., Maarbjerg, S., Jeppesen, J. F., Prats, C., Chiu, T. T., Boguslavsky, S., Klip, A., et al. (2012) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-0491 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Michaud, K., Matheson, K., Kelly, O., & Anisman, H. (2008) · Stress · doi:10.1080/10253890701727874 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Increasing trends of sleep complaints in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Santos‐Silva, R., Bittencourt, L., Pires, M. L. N., de Mello, M. T., Taddei, J. A. D. A. C., Benedito‐Silva, A. A., Pompéia, C., & Tufik, S. (2010) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2009.12.011 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of sleep deprivation on insulin sensitivity and cortisol concentration in healthy subjects.
González-Ortı́z, M., Martínez‐Abundis, E., Balcázar-Muñoz, B. R., & Pascoe-González, S. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Acute sleep restriction reduces insulin sensitivity in adolescent boys
Klingenberg, L., Chaput, J.-P., Holmbäck, U., Visby, T., Jennum, P., Nikolic, M., Astrup, A., & Sjödin, A. (2013) · Sleep · doi:10.5665/sleep.2816 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Effects of sleep deprivation and exercise on glucose tolerance.
VanHelder, T., Symons, J. D., & Radomski, M. W. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Skeletal muscle overexpression of nuclear respiratory factor 1 increases glucose transport capacity
Baar, K., Song, Z., Semenkovich, C. F., Jones, T. E., Han, D.-H., Nolte, L. A., Ojuka, E. O., Chen, M. W., & Holloszy, J. O. (2003) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.03-0049com · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Falavigna, A., Bezerra, M. L. D. S., Teles, A., Kleber, F. D., Velho, M., da Silva, R. C., Mazzochin, T., Santin, J. T., Mosena, G., de Braga, G. L., et al. (2011) · Sleep and Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-010-0392-x · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Melatonin improves insulin sensitivity independently of weight loss in old obese rats
Zanuto, R., de Siqueira-Filho, M. A., Caperuto, L. C., Bacurau, R. F. P., Hirata, E., Garcia, R. A. P., do Amaral, F. G., Marçal, A. C., Ribeiro, L. M., Camporez, J. P., et al. (2013) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/jpi.12056 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
SLEEP AND METABOLIC CONTROL: WAKING TO A PROBLEM?
Trenell, M. I., Marshall, N. S., & Rogers, N. L. (2006) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04541.x · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Krisan, A. D., Collins, D. E., Crain, A., Kwong, C. C., Singh, M. K., Bernard, J. R., & Yaspelkis, B. B. (2004) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01054.2003 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Adverse Effects of 24 Hours of Sleep Deprivation on Cognition and Stress Hormones
Joo, E. Y., Yoon, C. W., Koo, D. L., Kim, D., & Hong, S. B. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Neurology · doi:10.3988/jcn.2012.8.2.146 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Running sprint interval training induces fat loss in women
Hazell, T. J., Hamilton, C. D., Olver, T. D., & Lemon, P. W. R. (2014) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2013-0503 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Sleep habits and complaints of adults in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in 1987 and 1995
Pires, M. L. N., Benedito‐Silva, A. A., de Mello, M. T., Giglio, S., Pompéia, S., & Tufik, S. (2007) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2006005000170 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationSprint interval running increases insulin sensitivity in young healthy subjects.
Sandvei, M., Jeppesen, P. B., Støen, L., Litleskare, S., Johansen, E., Stensrud, T., Enoksen, E., Hautala, A., Martinmäki, K., Kinnunen, H., et al. (2012) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.3109/13813455.2012.677454 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Rac1 – a novel regulator of contraction‐stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle
Sylow, L., Møller, L. L. V., Kleinert, M., Richter, E. A., & Jensen, T. E. (2014) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2014.079194 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Sleep and Glucose Intolerance/Diabetes Mellitus
Ip, M., & Mokhlesi, B. (2007) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2006.12.002 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Interval Training in Men at Risk for Insulin Resistance
Earnest, C. P., Lupo, M., Thibodaux, J., Hollier, C. A., Butitta, B. P., Lejeune, E., Johannsen, N. M., Gibala, M. J., & Church, T. S. (2012) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0032-1311594 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Pauli, J. R., Cintra, D. E., de Souza, C. T., & Ropelle, E. R. (2009) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia · doi:10.1590/s0004-27302009000400003 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Nedeltcheva, A. V., Imperial, J., & Penev, P. D. (2012) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2012.97 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Lima, A. F., Ropelle, E. R., Pauli, J. R., Cintra, D. E., Frederico, M. J. S., Pinho, R. A., Velloso, L. A., & de Souza, C. T. (2009) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.21833 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Exercise Causes Muscle GLUT4 Translocation in an Insulin-Independent Manner
Messina, G., Palmieri, F., & Monda, V. (2015) · Biology and Medicine · doi:10.4172/0974-8369.1000s3007 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Relationships between Exercise, Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Type 2 Diabetes
Joseph, A.-M., & Hood, D. A. (2014) · Medicine and sport science/Medicine and sport · doi:10.1159/000357335 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Randle (1998) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0895(199812)14:4
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome
Barber, T. M., & Franks, S. (2021) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14421 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Saner, N. J., Lee, M. J.-C., Kuang, J., Pitchford, N. W., Roach, G. D., Garnham, A., Genders, A. J., Stokes, T., Schroder, E. A., Huo, Z., et al. (2021) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101110 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Rogers, E. M., Banks, N. F., & Jenkins, N. D. M. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3667 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Porter, J. W., Pettit‐Mee, R. J., Emerson, T. S., McCrae, C. S., Lastra, G., Vieira‐Potter, V. J., Parks, E. J., & Kanaley, J. A. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13381 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- de Souza, J. F. T., Dáttilo, M., de Mello, M. T., Tufik, S., & Antunes, H. K. M.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Antunes, Hanna K. M.
- ORCID
- Antunes, Hanna K. M.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Physiology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2017-12-07
- Volume
- 8
- Pages
- 992-992
- ISSN
- 1664-042X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5725446
- OpenAlex
- W2770587130
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 3.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (4001129/2016-7)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- high-intensity interval training, sleep deprivation, insulin resistance, carbohydrate metabolism, glucose tolerance, free fatty acids, cortisol, oral glucose tolerance test, acute sleep deprivation, healthy men
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
