Melatonin Alleviates the Impairment of Muscle Bioenergetics and Protein Quality Control Systems in Leptin-Deficiency-Induced Obesity
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Leptin is critically compromised in the major common forms of obesity. Skeletal muscle is the main effector tissue for energy modification that occurs as a result of the effect of endocrine axes, such as leptin signaling. Our study was carried out using skeletal muscle from a leptin-deficient animal model, in order to ascertain the importance of this hormone and to identify the major skeletal muscle mechanisms affected. We also examined the therapeutic role of melatonin against leptin-induced muscle wasting. Here, we report that leptin deficiency stimulates fatty acid β-oxidation, which results in mitochondrial uncoupling and the suppression of mitochondrial oxidative damage; however, it increases cytosolic oxidative damage. Thus, different nutrient-sensing pathways are disrupted, impairing proteostasis and promoting lipid anabolism, which induces myofiber degeneration and drives oxidative type I fiber conversion. Melatonin treatment plays a significant role in reducing cellular oxidative damage and regulating energy homeostasis and fuel utilization. Melatonin is able to improve both glucose and mitochondrial metabolism and partially restore proteostasis. Taken together, our study demonstrates melatonin to be a decisive mitochondrial function-fate regulator in skeletal muscle, with implications for resembling physiological energy requirements and targeting glycolytic type II fiber recovery.
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In mice, leptin deficiency promotes fatty acid β-oxidation, enhancing mitochondrial protection against ROS through HK-II regulation, acting on mitochondrial function and quality control mechanisms.
“Studies in mice show that leptin deficiency promotes fatty acid β-oxidation, enhancing mitochondrial protection against ROS through HK-II regulation, acting on mitochondrial function and quality control mechanisms [76].”
From Exerkines and Sarcopenia: Unveiling the Mechanism Behind Exercise-Induced Mitochondrial Homeostasis (2025) · cites this paper as [76]
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Exerkines and Sarcopenia: Unveiling the Mechanism Behind Exercise-Induced Mitochondrial Homeostasis
Wang, J., Jia, D., Zhang, Z., & Wang, D. (2025) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo15010059 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
- Authors
- Potes, Y., Díaz-Luis, A., Bermejo-Millo, J. C., Pérez-Martínez, Z., de Luxán-Delgado, B., Rubio-González, A., Menéndez-Valle, I., Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, J., Solano, J. J., Caballero, B., Vega-Naredo, I., & Coto-Montes, A.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Oviedo (ES)
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Hospital Monte Naranco (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Potes, Yaiza
- Venue
- Antioxidants
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-11-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1962
- ISSN
- 2076-3921 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10669624
- OpenAlex
- W4388295787
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 0.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Antioxidants (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness) (PI21/01596, IDI/2021/000033, AP184182023)
- Government of the Principado de Asturias (PI21/01596, IDI/2021/000033, AP184182023)
- Fundación Mutua Madrileña (PI21/01596, IDI/2021/000033, AP184182023)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Keywords
- melatonin, leptin deficiency, obesity, skeletal muscle, muscle energy metabolism, mitochondrial uncoupling, fatty acid beta-oxidation, oxidative damage, proteostasis, protein quality control, myofiber degeneration, energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism
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