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Cited by 33Medicinal Plants and NeuroprotectionPhytochemicals and Medicinal PlantsMedicinal Plant Research

Centella asiatica: Advances in Extraction Technologies, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutic Applications

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Hein, Zaw Myo, Gopalakrishna, Prarthana Kalerammana, Kanuri, Anil Kumar, Thomas, Warren, Hussan, Farida, Naik, Venkatesh R., Shantakumari, Nisha, Che Ramli, Muhammad Danial +3 more·2025·Life
DOI 10.3390/life15071081PMC PMC12298232
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Abstract

Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) has attracted significant scientific interest due to its extensive medicinal properties and long-established use in traditional medicine. This review synthesizes recent advances in the technological exploitation of C. asiatica, covering the extraction of bioactive constituents to product development. Modern extraction techniques such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) have substantially improved the yield, selectivity, and preservation of key phytochemicals, particularly triterpenoids, saponins, and flavonoids. These compounds are now routinely characterized using advanced analytical platforms, ensuring product quality, consistency, and standardization. Moreover, the use of innovative formulation technologies and advanced delivery systems has facilitated the development of C. asiatica-based products tailored for various therapeutic areas, including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals targeting neuroprotection, wound healing, skin aging, and stress modulation. Alongside these developments, stringent quality control protocols, toxicological evaluations, and adherence to evolving regulatory standards enhance the safety and efficacy of C. asiatica-derived interventions. This review highlights the integration of traditional knowledge with modern science across the domains of extraction, analysis, formulation, and regulation. It serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers, formulators, and regulatory stakeholders aiming to develop high-quality, evidence-based C. asiatica products with improved bioavailability and therapeutic value.

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  • Hein et al. (2025) provided limited analysis specifically on dermatological and cosmeceutical applications.

    “In a more recent review, Hein et al. (2025) examined technological advancements in C. asiatica extraction and formulation, emphasizing greener methodologies, process innovations, and delivery systems; however, they provided limited analysis specifically on dermatological and cosmeceutical applications.”

    From Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. in skin health and cosmeceuticals: mechanisms, clinical evidence, and advanced delivery systems (2025) · cites this paper as Hein et al. 2025

    Section 6 examines greener extraction methods, supporting the sentence’s description of the review’s broader focus. But Section 7.2 discusses wound healing, acne, and anti-photoaging, while Section 8 analyzes skincare formulations and cosmeceutical uses. Those passages do not support characterizing its dermatological and cosmeceutical analysis as simply limited. (LLM, conf=0.77)

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  • Hein et al. (2025) examined technological advancements in Centella asiatica extraction and formulation, emphasizing greener methodologies, process innovations, and delivery systems.

    “In a more recent review, Hein et al. (2025) examined technological advancements in C. asiatica extraction and formulation, emphasizing greener methodologies, process innovations, and delivery systems; however, they provided limited analysis specifically on dermatological and cosmeceutical applications.”

    From Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. in skin health and cosmeceuticals: mechanisms, clinical evidence, and advanced delivery systems (2025) · cites this paper as Hein et al. 2025

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hein, Z. M., Gopalakrishna, P. K., Kanuri, A. K., Thomas, W., Hussan, F., Naik, V. R., Shantakumari, N., Che Ramli, M. D., Mohd Moklas, M. A., Che Mohd Nassir, C. M. N., & Vishnumukkala, T.
Affiliations
  • Ajman University (AE)
  • IMU University (MY)
  • University of Malaya (MY)
  • Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain (BH)
  • Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Sungai Long Campus (MY)
  • Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia
  • Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
  • Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Malaysia
  • Universiti Putra Malaysia (MY)
Corresponding author
Vishnumukkala, Thirupathirao
ORCID
Venue
Life
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2025-07-09
Volume
15
Issue
7
Pages
1081
ISSN
2075-1729 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/life15071081
PMC
PMC12298232
OpenAlex
W4412178397
Cited by
33
References
10
Citations by year
2026: 28 · 2025: 4
FWCI
7.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Life (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Ajman University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
Keywords
Centella asiatica, extraction methods, supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, phytochemicals, triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, drug formulation, neuroprotection, wound healing, skin aging, stress modulation, quality control, toxicological evaluation, regulatory standards, traditional medicine

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