Cited by 100Nutritional Studies and DietGut microbiota and healthMetabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies

Metabolomics and microbiomes as potential tools to evaluate the effects of the Mediterranean diet

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Jin, Qi, Black, Alicen, Kales, Stefanos N., Vattem, Dhiraj, Ruiz-Canela, Miguel, Sotos-Prieto, Mercedes·2019·Nutrients

Abstract

The approach to studying diet⁻health relationships has progressively shifted from individual dietary components to overall dietary patterns that affect the interaction and balance of low-molecular-weight metabolites (metabolome) and host-enteric mic{Citation}robial ecology (microbiome). Even though the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been recognized as a powerful strategy to improve health, the accurate assessment of exposure to the MedDiet has been a major challenge in epidemiological and clinical studies. Interestingly, while the effects of individual dietary components on the metabolome have been described, studies investigating metabolomic profiles in response to overall dietary patterns (including the MedDiet), although limited, have been gaining attention. Similarly, the beneficial effects of the MedDiet on cardiometabolic outcomes may be mediated through gut microbial changes. Accumulating evidence linking food ingestion and enteric microbiome alterations merits the evaluation of the microbiome-mediated effects of the MedDiet on metabolic pathways implicated in disease. In this narrative review, we aimed to summarize the current evidence from observational and clinical trials involving the MedDiet by (1) assessing changes in the metabolome and microbiome for the measurement of diet pattern adherence and (2) assessing health outcomes related to the MedDiet through alterations to human metabolomics and/or the microbiome.

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  • Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is linked to beneficial microbiota-related metabolomic profiles, such as increased SCFAs and reductions in BCFAs, bile acids, and TMAO.

    “Additionally, adherence to a Mediterranean diet was linked to beneficial microbiota-related metabolomic profiles, such as increased levels of SCFAs and reductions in BCFAs, bile acids, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) (38,40,41).”
  • More recent human intervention studies support a beneficial impact of a Mediterranean diet on microbiota profiles.

    “More recent human intervention studies also support the beneficial impact of a Mediterranean diet on microbiota profiles.”
  • Greater microbial diversity and higher abundance of health-promoting bacterial taxa are associated with consumption of the Mediterranean diet.

    “Greater microbial diversity as well as higher abundance of health-promoting bacterial taxa (i.e., Clostridium cluster XIVa, F. prausnitzii, Roseburia, Eubacterium, B. thetaiotaomicron, Parabacteroides distasonis, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Bifidobacterium longum) have been associated with consumption of the Mediterranean diet (38)(39)(40).”

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Authors
Jin, Q., Black, A., Kales, S. N., Vattem, D., Ruiz-Canela, M., & Sotos-Prieto, M.
Affiliations
  • Ohio University (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
  • Division of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2019-01-21
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
207
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2910716440
Cited by
100
References
120
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 12
FWCI
2.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion)
  • Deposito Adademico Digital Universidad De Navarra (University of Navarra) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Hispana (submittedVersion)
  • Biblos-e Archivo (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Keywords
Mediterranean diet, metabolomics, gut microbiota, dietary habits, cardiometabolic outcomes, low molecular weight metabolites, host-microbiome interactions
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Diet, Healthy, Nutrients, Cardiovascular Diseases, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Diet, Mediterranean, Metabolomics, Metabolome

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