A systematic review of psychobiotic interventions in children and adolescents to enhance cognitive functioning and emotional behavior
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This systematic review brings together human psychobiotic interventions in children and adolescents (aged 6-25 years) to evaluate the efficacy of pre- and probiotic supplements on stress, anxiety, and cognitive outcomes. Psychobiotic interventions in animal studies highlighted sensitivity to effects during development and maturation in multiple domains from emotion to cognitive processing. Several translational psychobiotic interventions in humans have been carried out to assess effects on emotion and cognition during childhood and into adulthood. The findings illustrate that there are limited consistent psychobiotic effects in developing human populations, and this is proposed to be due to heterogeneity in the trials conducted. Consequentially, it is recommended that three specific factors are considered in future psychobiotic trials: (1) Specificity of population studied (e.g., patients, developmental age), (2) specificity of intervention, and (3) homogeneity in outcome measures.
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A recent systematic review of interventions in children and adolescents to enhance cognitive functioning and emotional behavior found limited consistent effects in these developing populations, although study heterogeneity was seen as a major factor.
“A recent systematic review of interventions in children and adolescents to enhance cognitive functioning and emotional behavior found limited consistent effects in these developing populations, although study heterogeneity was seen as a major factor (488).”
From Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (2023) · cites this paper as [488]
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Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
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- Authors
- Basso, M., Johnstone, N., Knytl, P., Nauta, A., Groeneveld, A., & Cohen Kadosh, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Surrey (GB)
- FrieslandCampina (Netherlands) (NL)
- FrieslandCampina, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
- Corresponding author
- Johnstone, Nicola
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-01-30
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 614
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8840038
- OpenAlex
- W4210272409
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 0.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- FrieslandCampina
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- psychobiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, children, adolescents, cognitive function, emotional behavior, stress, anxiety, gut-brain axis, translational research, trial heterogeneity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Cognition, Emotions, Humans, Probiotics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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