Probiotic consumption during puberty mitigates LPS-induced immune responses and protects against stress-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in adulthood in a sex-specific manner
Abstract
Puberty/adolescence is a significant period of development and a time with a high emergence of psychiatric disorders. During this period, there is increased neuroplasticity and heightened vulnerability to stress and inflammation. The gut microbiome regulates stress and inflammatory responses and can alter brain chemistry and behaviour. However, the role of the gut microbiota during pubertal development remains largely uninvestigated. The current study examined gut manipulation with probiotics during puberty in CD1 mice on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune responses and enduring effects on anxiety- and depression-like behaviours and stress-reactivity in adulthood. Probiotics reduced LPS-induced sickness behaviour at 12 h in females and at 48 h following LPS treatment in males. Probiotics also reduced LPS-induced changes in body weight at 48 h post-treatment in females. Probiotic treatment also prevented LPS-induced increases in pro- and anti-inflammatory peripheral cytokines at 8 h following LPS treatment, reduced central cytokine mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and PFC, and prevented LPS-induced changes to in the gut microbiota. A single exposure to LPS during puberty resulted in enduring depression-like behaviour in female mice, and anxiety-like behaviour in male mice in adulthood. However, pubertal exposure to probiotics prevented enduring LPS-induced depression-like behaviour in females and anxiety-like behaviors in males. Moreover, probiotics altered toll-like receptor-4 activity in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in males in response to a novel stressor in adulthood. Our results suggest that the gut microbiome plays an important role in pubertal neurodevelopment. These findings indicate that exposure to probiotics during puberty mitigates inflammation and decreases stress-induced vulnerabilities to emotional behaviours later in life, in a sex-specific manner.
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Probiotics (kefir active bacterial cultures) administered to adolescent mice prevented LPS-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors.
“Murray and co-workers [131] found that probiotics (i.e., kefir active bacterial cultures -Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus cremoris, Lactobacillus diacetylactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus) administered to adolescent mice prevented LPS-induced: (1) depression-and anxiety-like behaviors”
From The Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [131]
Probiotics prevented LPS-induced changes in gut microbiota.
“(3) changes in the gut microbiota.”
From The Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [131]
Probiotics prevented LPS-induced enhancement in peripheral and central proinflammatory cytokine levels.
“(2) enhancement in peripheral as well as central proinflammatory cytokine levels”
From The Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [131]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Murray, E., Sharma, R., Smith, K. B., Mar, K. D., Barve, R., Lukasik, M., Pirwani, A. F., Malette-Guyon, E., Lamba, S., Thomas, B. J., Sadeghi-Emamchaie, H., Liang, J., Mallet, J.-F., Matar, C., & Ismail, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Ismail, Nafissa
- ORCID
- Venue
- Brain Behavior and Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-10
- Volume
- 81
- Pages
- 198-212
- ISSN
- 0889-1591 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2952949941
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 5.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Behavior and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- probiotics, puberty, gut microbiota, lipopolysaccharide, inflammation, stress-induced depression, anxiety-like behavior, sex differences, paraventricular nucleus, TLR4, cytokines, sickness behavior
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Behavior, Animal, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Female, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Sex Factors, Sexual Maturation, Cytokines, Probiotics, Mice, Illness Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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