Cognitive control and parsing: Reexamining the role of Broca’s area in sentence comprehension
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A century of investigation into the role of the human frontal lobes in complex cognition, including language processing, has revealed several interesting but apparently contradictory findings. In particular, the results of numerous studies suggest that left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG), which includes Broca's area, plays a direct role in sentence-level syntactic processing. In contrast, other brain-imaging and neuropsychological data indicate that LIFG is crucial for cognitive control--specifically, for overriding highly regularized, automatic processes, even when a task involves syntactically undemanding material (e.g., single words, a list of letters). We provide a unifying account of these findings, which emphasizes the importance of general cognitive control mechanisms for the syntactic processing of sentences. On the basis of a review of the neurocognitive and sentence-processing literatures, we defend the following three hypotheses: (1) LIFG is part of a network of frontal lobe subsystems that are generally responsible for the detection and resolution of incompatible stimulus representations; (2) the role of LIFG in sentence comprehension is to implement reanalysis in the face of misinterpretation; and (3) individual differences in cognitive control abilities in nonsyntactic tasks predict correlated variation in sentence-processing abilities pertaining to the recovery from misinterpretation.
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The data are difficult to reconcile with the hypothesis that the left inferior frontal gyrus is engaged in domain general cognitive control.
“Our data are difficult to reconcile with the widely favored hypothesis that this region is engaged in domain general cognitive control (8, 17); although we do see a weak response to the Stroop task in this region, we find no hint of activation for either of the other two cognitive control tasks [the MSIT task (39) and its variant, verbal MSIT (vMSIT)].”
From Functional specificity for high-level linguistic processing in the human brain (2011) · cites this paper as [8]
The neuroimaging claims are based largely on observations of activation for a nonlanguage task in or near a general brain region previously implicated in language, without a direct demonstration of overlap of linguistic and nonlinguistic activations in the same subjects.
“However, the neuroimaging claims are based largely on observations of activation for a nonlanguage task in or near a general brain region previously implicated in language (e.g., Broca's area), without a direct demonstration of overlap of linguistic and nonlinguistic activations in the same subjects.”
From Functional specificity for high-level linguistic processing in the human brain (2011) · cites this paper as [8]
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Inhibition and impulsivity: behavioral and neural basis of response control
Bari, A., & Robbins, T. W. (2013) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.06.005 · Cited by 1,921 · see citing works
Broad domain generality in focal regions of frontal and parietal cortex
Fedorenko, E., Duncan, J., & Kanwisher, N. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1315235110 · Cited by 952 · see citing works
“Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106(42):17974–17979.”
An integrated theory of language production and comprehension
Pickering, M. J., & Garrod, S. (2013) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x12001495 · Cited by 1,569 · see citing works
Cognitive control and lexical access in younger and older bilinguals.
Bialystok, E., Craik, F., & Luk, G. (2008) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.34.4.859 · Cited by 925 · see citing works
“Novick, Trueswell, and Thompson-Schill (2005) argue that one important function of Broca’s area is to resolve conflict during lexical processing.”
BackgroundComputational principles of working memory in sentence comprehension
Lewis, R. L., Vasishth, S., & Dyke, J. A. V. (2006) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2006.08.007 · Cited by 854 · see citing works
New method for fMRI investigations of language: defining ROIs functionally in individual subjects
Fedorenko, E., Hsieh, P.-J., Nieto-Castañón, A., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., & Kanwisher, N. (2010) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00032.2010 · Cited by 686 · see citing works
Left inferior frontal gyrus is critical for response inhibition
Swick, D., Ashley, V., & Turken, A. U. (2008) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-9-102 · Cited by 745 · see citing works
“, [32]), which shares in common with the Go/ NoGo task the requirement to override automatic but task-inappropriate responses [33], also suggest that LIFG plays an important role in resolving conflicts that arise from incompatible representations [34].”
BackgroundFunctional specificity for high-level linguistic processing in the human brain
Fedorenko, E., Behr, M. K., & Kanwisher, N. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1112937108 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
“Our data are difficult to reconcile with the widely favored hypothesis that this region is engaged in domain general cognitive control (8, 17); although we do see a weak response to the Stroop task in this region, we find no hint of activation for either of the other two cognitive control tasks [the MSIT task (39) and…”
BackgroundMethodInsights into Human Behavior from Lesions to the Prefrontal Cortex
Szczepanski, S. M., & Knight, R. T. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.08.011 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
“…for language, per se, but is more generally important for selecting among competing representations, especially when there is a need to override a prepotent response or when there are a large number of equally probable response options (Novick et al., 2005; Thompson-Schill et al., 1998).”
Language-Selective and Domain-General Regions Lie Side by Side within Broca’s Area
Fedorenko, E. G., Duncan, J., & Kanwisher, N. (2012) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.011 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
“, [5–7]).”
The functional neuroanatomy of language
Hickok, G. S. (2009) · Physics of Life Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2009.06.001 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
“Investigators are now beginning to sort through some of these contributors to grammatical/sentence level processing [29,53,80,132,153,159], but at present it remains unclear how much of the “sentence processing network” reflects these processes as opposed to linguistic specific grammatical computations.”
Neuroanatomical distribution of five semantic components of verbs: Evidence from fMRI
Kemmerer, D. L., González-Castillo, J., Talavage, T. M., Patterson, S., & Wiley, C. (2007) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2007.09.003 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Broca's Region: Novel Organizational Principles and Multiple Receptor Mapping
Amunts, K., Lenzen, M., Friederici, A. D., Schleicher, A., Morosan, P., Palomero-Gallagher, N., & Zilles, K. (2010) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000489 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
“Activations in the vicinity of areas 44 and 45 have been reported not only in language, but also in motor tasks [13,19], in experiments focusing on the integration of semantic information from speech and gestures [43], and other tasks requiring cognitive control [44,45].”
BackgroundThe Cortical Organization of Syntax
Matchin, W., & Hickok, G. (2020) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhz180 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Cognitive Effects of Bilingualism: How Linguistic Experience Leads to Cognitive Change
Bialystok, E. (2007) · International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism · doi:10.2167/beb441.0 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Language and the aging brain: patterns of neural compensation revealed by functional brain imaging.
Wingfield, A., & Grossman, M. (2006) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00628.2006 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
“These findings resonate in an interesting way with suggestions that dealing with complex syntax engages prefrontal cortex, including vIFC, in controlling selection among competing parsing representations as would be the case when noncanonical sentences are encountered (Novick et al. 2005).”
BackgroundReconciling time, space and function: A new dorsal–ventral stream model of sentence comprehension
Bornkessel‐Schlesewsky, I., & Schlesewsky, M. (2013) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2013.01.010 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
A Neurocomputational Model of the N400 and the P600 in Language Processing
Brouwer, H., Crocker, M. W., Venhuizen, N. J., & Hoeks, J. C. J. (2016) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12461 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
The language network as a natural kind within the broader landscape of the human brain
Fedorenko, E. G., Ivanova, A. A., & Regev, T. I. (2024) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-024-00802-4 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
“Language has been argued to share machinery with numerous cognitive functions and domains, including the processing of hierarchically structured inputs 10,12 , executive functions 92–94 , conceptual thought 95–97 and action observation 98,99 .”
BackgroundThe hippocampus and the flexible use and processing of language
Duff, M. C., & Brown‐Schmidt, S. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00069 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
“…execute language processing (Daneman and Carpenter, 1980, 1983; Just and Carpenter, 1992; Just et al., 1996; Caplan and Waters, 1999; Walker, 1996; Novick et al., 2005; although a prominent alternative view emphasizes the role of experience, rather than capacity limits in capturing individual…”
BackgroundWhole brain functional connectivity in the early blind
Liu, Y., Yu, C., Liang, M., Li, J., Tian, L., Zhou, Y., Qin, W., Li, K., & Jiang, T. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm121 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
“Beyond its classical language functions, this area also participates in language-related working memory during online sentence comprehension (Novick et al., 2005; Fiebach et al., 2005).”
BackgroundFedorenko, E., & Varley, R. (2016) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13046 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Broca’s Area Is Not a Natural Kind
Fedorenko, E. G., & Blank, I. (2020) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2020.01.001 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
“These results suggest that the contribution of MD regions to language processing is unlikely to be tied to particular features of the linguistic input such as the ambiguity or frequency of a word or structure (cf [11,13]).”
BackgroundJanuary, D., Trueswell, J. C., & Thompson-Schill, S. L. (2009) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.21179 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
“Our results also contribute to a theoretical unification of the diverse literature on the function of the PLIFG (Novick et al., 2005).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationCurrent Controversies on Wernicke’s Area and its Role in Language
Binder, J. R. (2017) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-017-0764-8 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
fMRI reveals language-specific predictive coding during naturalistic sentence comprehension
Shain, C., Blank, I. A., van Schijndel, M., Schuler, W., & Fedorenko, E. (2020) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107307 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Huang, Y. T., & Snedeker, J. (2009) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016704 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
The role of domain-general cognitive control in language comprehension
Fedorenko, E. G. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00335 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
“…2003; Dosenbach et al., 2007; Badre and D’Esposito, 2009), and/or to map specific components of the system onto particular mental functions [e.g., Aron et al. (2004) argued that the right IFG plays a critical role in cognitive control; Novick et al. (2005) made a similar argument for the left IFG].”
BackgroundNovick, J. M., Kan, I. P., Trueswell, J. C., & Thompson‐Schill, S. L. (2009) · Cognitive Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/02643290903519367 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
“…they do not necessarily suffer from Broca’s aphasia (Dronkers, Wilkins, Van Valin, Redfern, & Jaeger, 2004; Lindenberg, Fangerau, & Seitz, 2007; for a review, see Novick et al., 2005), which is diagnosed on the basis of a constellation of behavioural impairments, and not on lesion site per se.”
InfluentialSelf-citationThe Role of Broca's Area in Sentence Comprehension
Rogalsky, C., & Hickok, G. S. (2010) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21530 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
“It has been suggested that Broca's area supports some aspects of sentence processing via a more general role in “cognitive control,” which includes mechanisms involved in resolving conflicts between competing representations or conflicting information (Novick, Trueswell, & Thompson-Schill, 2005 ).”
BackgroundRogalsky, C., Rong, F., Saberi, K., & Hickok, G. S. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4515-10.2011 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
“, 2003; Santi and Grodzinsky, 2007), although there is much debate regarding the role of this region in structural processing (Hagoort, 2005; Novick et al., 2005; Grodzinsky and Santi, 2008; Rogalsky et al., 2008; Rogalsky and Hickok, 2009, 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe neural correlates of statistical learning in a word segmentation task: An fMRI study
Karuza, E. A., Newport, E., Aslin, R., Starling, S., Tivarus, M., & Bavelier, D. (2013) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.11.007 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Broca’s Area and Language Processing: Evidence for the Cognitive Control Connection
Novick, J. M., Trueswell, J. C., & Thompson‐Schill, S. L. (2010) · Language and Linguistics Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1749-818x.2010.00244.x · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Self-citationFrom novel to familiar: Tuning the brain for metaphors
Cardillo, E. R., Watson, C. E., Schmidt, G. L., Kranjec, A., & Chatterjee, A. K. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.079 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
“comprehension are to detect semantic conflict and initiate re-analysis after misinterpretation (Novick et al., 2005).”
BackgroundGullifer, J. W., Chai, X. J., Whitford, V., Pivneva, I., Baum, S. R., Klein, D., & Titone, D. A. (2018) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.037 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Executive control in language processing
Ye, Z., & Zhou, X. (2009) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.03.003 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
“Second, individuals’ differences in resolving representational conflicts of linguistic inputs may be predicted by their performances in resolving representational conflicts of perceptual inputs (Mendelsohn, 2002; Novick et al., 2005; Ye and Zhou, 2008).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialDiachek, E., Blank, I., Siegelman, M., Affourtit, J., & Fedorenko, E. G. (2020) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2036-19.2020 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Kemmerer, D. L., & González-Castillo, J. (2008) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2008.09.010 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Thornhill, D. E., & Petten, C. K. V. (2012) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.12.007 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
“While reading such sentences, a participant who has initially selected one interpretation of a polysemous function word may become aware of an incompatible interpretation when the sentence terminates in an unexpected way, triggering the resolution process suggested by Novick et al. (2005).”
BackgroundFedorenko, E. G., Nieto-Castañón, A., & Kanwisher, N. (2011) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.09.014 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
“…related these kinds of syntactic complexity effects to domain-general factors like working memory (e.g., Gibson, 1998; Gordon et al., 2002; McElree et al., 2003; Fedorenko et al., 2007), cognitive control (e.g., Novick et al., 2005), or general non-verbal intelligence (Gibson & Fedorenko, 2011).”
Acheson, D. J., & Peter Hagoort, A. (2013) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00430 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Biological Foundations and Origin of Syntax
(2009) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262013567.001.0001 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Brouwer, H., & Hoeks, J. C. J. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00758 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Matchin, W., Hammerly, C. M., & Lau, E. F. (2016) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2016.12.010 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“…that the IFG and pSTS play a role in sentence processing that cannot be solely attributed to domain-general mechanisms such as phonological working memory or cognitive control deployed to handle structural complexity, ambiguity, or noncanonicity (Novick et al., 2005; Rogalsky et al., 2008).”
BackgroundHasson, U., Egidi, G., Marelli, M., & Willems, R. M. (2018) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.018 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Broca's area, sentence comprehension, and working memory: an fMRI study
Rogalsky, C. (2008) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/neuro.09.014.2008 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
“These authors further point out that evaluating various thematic role possibilities is similar to another proposed function of the inferior frontal gyrus, namely selecting a response from a set of alternatives (Kan and ThompsonSchill, 2004; Novick et al., 2005).”
BackgroundHarvey, D. Y., & Schnur, T. T. (2015) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.03.004 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Nestor, L. J., McCabe, E., Jones, J. L., Clancy, L., & Garavan, H. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.03.054 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Late positivities in unusual situations
Kolk, H., & Chwilla, D. J. (2006) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2006.07.006 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
“Meaningfulness was measured not by the usual plausibility judgments but by applying Latent Semantic Analysis ( Landauer & Dumais, 1997 ).”
MethodThothathiri, M., Kimberg, D. Y., & Schwartz, M. F. (2011) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00118 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
“For example, VLPFC involvement may be most required when a prepotent interpretation must be overridden in favor of a less preferred meaning (Novick et al., 2005).”
Clearing the garden-path: improving sentence processing through cognitive control training
Novick, J. M., Hussey, E. K., Teubner-Rhodes, S. E., Harbison, J. I., & Bunting, M. F. (2013) · Language Cognition and Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/01690965.2012.758297 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
“…entering the disambiguating region (e.g., ‘‘sparkled brightly’’) of ambiguous sentences first because this is the only region expected to trigger conflict-resolution functions, given the introduction of new evidence that is incompatible with a reader’s prior interpretation (Novick et al., 2005).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationNeuropsychological evidence for the functional role of the uncinate fasciculus in semantic control
Harvey, D. Y., Wei, T., Ellmore, T. M., Hamilton, A. C., & Schnur, T. T. (2013) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.01.028 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
An fMRI Study of Syntactic Adaptation
Noppeney, U., & Price, C. J. (2004) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892904323057399 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Conflict control during sentence comprehension: fMRI evidence
Ye, Z., & Zhou, X. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.06.032 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
“…comprehension , the general executive functions may be employed to monitor the occurrence of linguistic conflicts (Van Herten et al., 2006; Vissers et al., 2007) and to select among incompatible sentential representations (Novick et al., 2005; Thompson-Schill et al., 2005; Ye and Zhou, 2008).”
InfluentialA proposed reinterpretation and reclassification of aphasic syndromes
Ardila, A. (2010) · Aphasiology · doi:10.1080/02687030802553704 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
“…et al., 2006); sequencing motor/expressive elements (Ardila & Bernal, 2007); cognitive control mechanism for the syntactic processing of sentences (Novick et al., 2005); construction of higher parts of the syntactic tree in speech production (Grodzinsky, 2000, 2006); and verbal working memory…”
BackgroundAcute Exercise Improves Prefrontal Cortex but not Hippocampal Function in Healthy Adults
Basso, J. C., Shang, A., Elman, M., Karmouta, R., & SUZUKI, W. A. (2015) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s135561771500106x · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Monitoring and Control in Language Production
Nozari, N., & Novick, J. M. (2017) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721417702419 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationRodd, J. M., Vitello, S., Woollams, A. M., & Adank, P. (2015) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2014.11.012 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
“…light of results from studies using non-linguistic stimuli that emphasise that at least some of the areas identified here are likely to be playing relatively-general cognitive control roles that are not specific to the domain of language comprehension (Jefferies, 2013; Novick et al., 2005, 2009).”
InfluentialRodd, J. M., Longe, O. A., Randall, B., & TYLER, L. K. (2009) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.12.035 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Choi, Y., & Trueswell, J. C. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2010.01.003 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationVissers, C., Chwilla, D. J., & Kolk, H. H. J. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.05.012 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
“This conclusion bears a striking resemblance to the one reached by Thompson–Schill and her colleagues, on the basis of fMRI research (for a review see Novick et al., 2005).”
ResultNuñez, S. C., Dapretto, M., Katzir, T., Starr, A., Bramen, J. E., Kan, E., Bookheimer, S. Y., & Sowell, E. R. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.02.004 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
“Researchers have also suggested that the involvement of the IFG in sentence comprehension may reflect a more generalized cognitive control mechanism (Novick et al., 2005), and future studies would benefit from including cognitive control as a variable of interest when studying language processing…”
Hsu, N. S., & Novick, J. M. (2016) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797615625223 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationScalar implicatures: working memory and a comparison with only
Marty, P., & Chemla, E. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00403 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Semantic Adaptation and Competition during Word Comprehension
Bedny, M., McGill, M., & Thompson‐Schill, S. L. (2008) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn018 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuroimaging of Language: Why Hasn't a Clearer Picture Emerged?
Fedorenko, E., & Kanwisher, N. (2009) · Language and Linguistics Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1749-818x.2009.00143.x · Cited by 117 · see citing works
The Frontal Aslant Tract: A Systematic Review for Neurosurgical Applications
Corte, E. L., Eldahaby, D., Greco, E., Aquino, D., Bertolini, G., Levi, V., Ottenhausen, M., Demichelis, G., Romito, L. M., Acerbi, F., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.641586 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
The role of language processing in language acquisition
Phillips, C., & Ehrenhofer, L. (2015) · Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism · doi:10.1075/lab.5.4.01phi · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“It is widely assumed that children’s difficulty with reanalysis is not a languagespecific limitation, but instead reflects more general limitations in children’s cognitive control abilities (Novick et al., 2005; Mazuka et al., 2009).”
BackgroundNeural integration of iconic and unrelated coverbal gestures: A functional MRI study
Green, A., Straube, B., Weis, S., Jansen, A., Willmes, K., Konrad, K., & Kircher, T. T. J. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20753 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
“…that the role of the IFG in speech gesture integration processes is not purely integrative but rather related to the detection and resolution of incompatible stimulus representations and for implementing reanalyses in the face of misinterpretations [Kuperberg et al., 2008; Novick et al., 2005].”
BackgroundKaushanskaya, M., Park, J. S., Gangopadhyay, I., Davidson, M. M., & Weismer, S. E. (2017) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2016_jslhr-l-15-0310 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“…the work on syntactic processing, the ability to recover from garden path sentences has been linked with inhibition/shifting (Mazuka et al., 2009; Novick et al., 2005; Woodard et al., 2016), while the ability to identify errors in sentences (Gangopadhyay, Davidson, Ellis Weismer, & Kaushanskaya,…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialDistinguishing grammatical constructions with fMRI pattern analysis
Allen, K. R., Pereira, F., Botvinick, M., & Goldberg, A. E. (2012) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.08.005 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Learning to parse and its implications for language acquisition
Trueswell, J. C., & Gleitman, L. R. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568971.013.0039 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationWoodard, K. A., Pozzan, L., & Trueswell, J. C. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2015.08.005 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
“are associated with their immature EF abilities (Novick et al., 2005) and that the ability to quickly use linguistic evidence to abandon an initial structural analysis in favor of a novel one might be linked to the ability to flexibly adapt one’s behavior to rapidly changing situations, overcoming inertial tendencies.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationBeyond common and privileged: Gradient representations of common ground in real-time language use
Brown‐Schmidt, S. (2011) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690965.2010.543363 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
White-matter pathways for speech and language processing
Friederici, A. D. (2015) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-62630-1.00010-x · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Rodd, J. M., Johnsrude, I. S., & Davis, M. H. (2010) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2010.07.005 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“Accordingly, we suggest that this overlapping neural circuitry can likely be localised to the LIFG, which may be part of a cognitive control circuit crucial to both sentential and non-sentential processing (January et al., 2008; Novick et al., 2005).”
To adapt or not to adapt: The question of domain-general cognitive control
Kan, I. P., Teubner-Rhodes, S. E., Drummey, A. B., Nutile, L. M., Krupa, L., & Novick, J. M. (2013) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2013.09.001 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Self-citationChildren’s assignment of grammatical roles in the online processing of Mandarin passive sentences
Huang, Y. T., Zheng, X., Meng, X., & Snedeker, J. (2013) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2013.08.002 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Mirman, D., Yee, E., Blumstein, S. E., & Magnuson, J. S. (2011) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2011.01.004 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
“On the response selection view, the slow, telegraphic speech associated with Broca’s aphasia may be a result of difficulty selecting words for production, especially function words, which have minimal semantic and contextual support (for a related view see also Novick et al., 2005).”
Clackson, K., Felser, C., & Clahsen, H. (2011) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2011.04.007 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Kuperberg, G. R., Sitnikova, T., & Lakshmanan, B. M. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.10.009 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
“In addition, they have also suggested that activity within the left inferior frontal gyrus may mediate such a general monitoring function, again linking this to its possible role in the resolution of conflict and selection amongst competing alternatives (Novick et al., 2005).”
Processing structure in language and music: a case for shared reliance on cognitive control
Slevc, L. R., & Okada, B. M. (2014) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0712-4 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
“…the SSIRH that structural processing in music and language relies on shared processing resources, but suggest that those shared resources are not limited to syntactic integration, but are rather more basic mechanisms of cognitive control that subserve both domains (cf. Novick et al., 2005; 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialOn sense and reference: Examining the functional neuroanatomy of referential processing
Nieuwland, M. S., Petersson, K. M., & Berkum, J. J. A. V. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.05.048 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
“According to Novick et al. (2005), LIFG activations may signal resolution of the representational conflict that arises when semantic representations point towards competing interpretations, an account that makes intuitive sense with regard to referential ambiguity.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialNetwork modulation during complex syntactic processing
den Ouden, D., Saur, D., Mader, W., Schelter, B. O., Lukic, S., Wali, E., Timmer, J., & Thompson, C. K. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.057 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Magnúsdóttir, S., Fillmore, P., den Ouden, D., Hjaltason, H., Rorden, C., Kjartansson, Ó., Bonilha, L., & Fridriksson, J. (2012) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.22096 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
“…et al., 2009; Grodzinsky and Friederici, 2006; Santi and Grodzinsky, 2007], more general cognitive processes of representational conflict resolution [Novick et al., 2005] or the integration/unification of different types of information into the sentence context [Hagoort, 2005].”
BackgroundDissociating Frontotemporal Contributions to Semantic Ambiguity Resolution in Spoken Sentences
Rodd, J. M., Johnsrude, I. S., & Davis, M. H. (2011) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr252 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
“This outcome would be consistent with those accounts that emphasize the role of the LIFG in reinterpreting misparsed sentences (Novick et al. 2005).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialThe differentiation of iconic and metaphoric gestures: Common and unique integration processes
Straube, B., Green, A., Bromberger, B., & Kircher, T. T. J. (2010) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21041 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
“This suggests that the role of the IFG in IC speech-gesture processing is not purely integrative but rather is related to the detection and resolution of incompatible stimulus representations and reanalyzing misinterpretations [Kuperberg et al., 2008; Novick et al., 2005].”
BackgroundThe functional overlap of executive control and language processing in bilinguals
Coderre, E. L., Smith, J. F., van Heuven, W. J. B., & Horwitz, B. (2015) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728915000188 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
“The LIFG is also involved in domain-general cognitive control: it is recruited in monolinguals not just by linguistic conflict, such as during complex sentence parsing or a Stroop task (Kovelman, Baker, et al., 2008; Novick et al., 2005; Ye & Zhou, 2009), but also by non-linguistic cognitive control (Bunge, Dudukovic…”
BackgroundResultDevelopment of Executive Control and Language Processing
Mazuka, R., Jincho, N., & Oishi, H. (2009) · Language and Linguistics Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1749-818x.2008.00102.x · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Resolving Semantic Ambiguities in Sentences: Cognitive Processes and Brain Mechanisms
Vitello, S., & Rodd, J. M. (2015) · Language and Linguistics Compass · doi:10.1111/lnc3.12160 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
“It is therefore important to view its (see Novick et al., 2005; Rogalsky & Hickok, 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialLinking Parser Development to Acquisition of Syntactic Knowledge
Omaki, A., & Lidz, J. L. (2014) · Language Acquisition · doi:10.1080/10489223.2014.943903 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
The Fleeting Isomorphism Effect
Conroy, A. M., Lidz, J. L., & Musolino, J. (2009) · Language Acquisition · doi:10.1080/10489220902769242 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Hsu, N. S., Jaeggi, S. M., & Novick, J. M. (2017) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2016.12.006 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
“…input from the neurobiological “hub” that handles information-processing conflict (for reviews, see Novick, Trueswell, & Thompson-Schill, 2010; Novick et al., 2005; Nozari & Thompson-Schill, 2015; see also January et al., 2009; Novick et al., 2009, 2014; Nozari, Mirman, & Thompson-Schill,…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationInvolvement of cognitive control in sentence comprehension: Evidence from ERPs
Ye, Z., & Zhou, X. (2008) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.01.090 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
“In line with the cognitive control view (Kolk and Chwilla, 2007; Novick et al., 2005; Zhou et al., submitted for publication), we found that ERP effects in sentence processingwere related to reader's cognitive control ability in the non-parsing conflict task (i.e., the color-word Stroop task).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWeighall, A. (2007) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2007.10.004 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
The role of mirror neurons in speech perception and action word semantics
Hickok, G. S. (2010) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690961003595572 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Impaired artificial grammar learning in agrammatism
Christiansen, M. H., Kelly, M. L., Shillcock, R. C., & Greenfield, K. (2010) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2010.05.015 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Neural Correlates of Syntactic Ambiguity in Sentence Comprehension for Low and High Span Readers
Fiebach, C. J., Vos, S. H., & Friederici, A. D. (2004) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/0898929042568479 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Functional and Structural Brain Correlates of Socioeconomic Status.
Yaple, Z., & Yu, R. (2019) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhz080 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Implicit AND explicit language learning: Their dynamic interface and complexity
Ellis, N. C. (2015) · Studies in Bilingualism · doi:10.1075/sibil.48.01ell · Cited by 201 · see citing works
- Authors
- Novick, J. M., Trueswell, J. C., & Thompson-Schill, S. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Novick, Jared M.
- Venue
- Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
- Published
- 2005-09
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 263-281
- ISSN
- 1530-7026 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-135X
- OpenAlex
- W2073929588
- Cited by
- 682
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 0.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH067008, R01 MH67008)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD037507, R01-HD37507)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Keywords
- Broca's area, left inferior frontal gyrus, cognitive control, sentence comprehension, syntactic analysis, reanalysis, misinterpretation, frontal lobe, individual differences, automatic processes, language processing
- MeSH terms
- Aphasia, Broca, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Dominance, Cerebral, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Language, Models, Neurological, Nerve Net, Verbal Behavior, Comprehension
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