Resting metabolic rate is associated with hunger, self-determined meal size, and daily energy intake and may represent a marker for appetite
Open accessAbstract
Background There are strong logical reasons why energy expended in metabolism should influence the energy acquired in food-intake behavior. However, the relation has never been established, and it is not known why certain people experience hunger in the presence of large amounts of body energy.Objective We investigated the effect of the resting metabolic rate (RMR) on objective measures of whole-day food intake and hunger.Design We carried out a 12-wk intervention that involved 41 overweight and obese men and women [mean ± SD age: 43.1 ± 7.5 y; BMI (in kg/m(2)): 30.7 ± 3.9] who were tested under conditions of physical activity (sedentary or active) and dietary energy density (17 or 10 kJ/g). RMR, daily energy intake, meal size, and hunger were assessed within the same day and across each condition.Results We obtained evidence that RMR is correlated with meal size and daily energy intake in overweight and obese individuals. Participants with high RMRs showed increased levels of hunger across the day (P < 0.0001) and greater food intake (P < 0.00001) than did individuals with lower RMRs. These effects were independent of sex and food energy density. The change in RMR was also related to energy intake (P < 0.0001).Conclusions We propose that RMR (largely determined by fat-free mass) may be a marker of energy intake and could represent a physiologic signal for hunger. These results may have implications for additional research possibilities in appetite, energy homeostasis, and obesity. This trial was registered under international standard identification for controlled trials as ISRCTN47291569.
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Resting metabolic rate was a significant determinant of the size of a self-determined meal, and of daily energy consumed (when measured objectively and quantified).
“When this was examined [43], it was demonstrated that RMR was a significant determinant of the size of a self determined meal, and of daily energy consumed (when measured objectively and quantified).”
From Appetite control and energy balance: Impact of exercise (2015) · cites this paper as [43]
Changes in resting metabolic rate due to changes in FFM and FM are a determinant of meal size and daily energy intake.
“Of importance will be a change in resting metabolism (RMR) due to changes in FFM and FM - now shown to be a determinant of meal size and daily EI [43] [as depicted in Figure 2], and changes in insulin sensitivity (arising indirectly from a reduction in adipose tissue) which influences the accuracy of post-prandial satiety [47].”
From Appetite control and energy balance: Impact of exercise (2015) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- Caudwell, P., Finlayson, G., Gibbons, C., Hopkins, M., King, N., Näslund, E., & Blundell, J. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7-14
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1495989324
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 6.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/G005524/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- resting metabolic rate, hunger, appetite, meal size, daily energy intake, food intake regulation, energy homeostasis, obesity, overweight, physical activity, dietary energy density, fat-free mass, sedentary behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Appetite, Basal Metabolism, Body Composition, Energy Intake, Diet, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Hunger, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Linear Models, Overweight, Meals
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