CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 234Nutrition and Health StudiesAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesNutritional Studies and Diet

Inflammation and nutritional science for programs/policies and interpretation of research evidence (INSPIRE)

Open access
Raiten, Daniel J, Ashour, Fayrouz A Sakr, Ross, A Catharine, Meydani, Simin N, Dawson, Harry D, Stephensen, Charles B, Brabin, Bernard J, Suchdev, Parminder S +1 more·2015·The Journal of Nutrition
DOI 10.3945/jn.114.194571PMC PMC4448820
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

An increasing recognition has emerged of the complexities of the global health agenda—specifically, the collision of infections and noncommunicable diseases and the dual burden of over- and undernutrition. Of particular practical concern are both 1) the need for a better understanding of the bidirectional relations between nutritional status and the development and function of the immune and inflammatory response and 2) the specific impact of the inflammatory response on the selection, use, and interpretation of nutrient biomarkers. The goal of the Inflammation and Nutritional Science for Programs/Policies and Interpretation of Research Evidence (INSPIRE) is to provide guidance for those users represented by the global food and nutrition enterprise. These include researchers (bench and clinical), clinicians providing care/treatment, those developing and evaluating programs/interventions at scale, and those responsible for generating evidence-based policy. The INSPIRE process included convening 5 thematic working groups (WGs) charged with developing summary reports around the following issues: 1) basic overview of the interactions between nutrition, immune function, and the inflammatory response; 2) examination of the evidence regarding the impact of nutrition on immune function and inflammation; 3) evaluation of the impact of inflammation and clinical conditions (acute and chronic) on nutrition; 4) examination of existing and potential new approaches to account for the impact of inflammation on biomarker interpretation and use; and 5) the presentation of new approaches to the study of these relations. Each WG was tasked with synthesizing a summary of the evidence for each of these topics and delineating the remaining gaps in our knowledge. This review consists of a summary of the INSPIRE workshop and the WG deliberations.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3945/jn.114.194571

Cites

48 of 48 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

2 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 720

  1. [2]The Lancet. Maternal and child nutrition; 2013 [cited 2014 Mar 25]. Available from: http://www.thelancet.com/series/maternal-and-child-nutrition.
  2. [12]Creswell J, Raviglione M, Ottmani S, Migliori GB, Uplekar M, Blanc L, Sotgiu G, Lonnroth K Tuberculosis and noncommunicable diseases: neglected links and missed opportunities. Eur Respir J 2011; 37: 1269– 82. 20947679
  3. [13]Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, Bhutta ZA, Christian P, de Onis M, Ezzati M, Grantham-McGregor S, Katz J, Martorell R, Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet 2013; 382: 427– 51. 23746772
  4. [14]Garmendia ML, Corvalan C, Uauy R Addressing malnutrition while avoiding obesity: minding the balance. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67: 513– 7. 23361159
  5. [15]Camps J, Garcia-Heredia A Introduction: oxidation and inflammation, a molecular link between non-communicable diseases. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014; 824: 1– 4. 25038988
  6. [16]Hernandez-Aguilera A, Rull A, Rodriguez-Gallego E, Riera-Borrull M, Luciano-Mateo F, Camps J, Menendez JA, Joven J Mitochondrial dysfunction: a basic mechanism in inflammation-related non-communicable diseases and therapeutic opportunities. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:135698. PMC3603328 23533299
  7. [17]Calder PC, Albers R, Antoine JM, Blum S, Bourdet-Sicard R, Ferns GA, Folkerts G, Friedmann PS, Frost GS, Guarner F, Inflammatory disease processes and interactions with nutrition. Br J Nutr 2009; 101(Suppl 1): S1– 45. 19586558
  8. [19]Gordon AH, Koy A The acute phase response to injury and infection: the roles of interleukin 1 and other mediators. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1985.
  9. [20]Gruys E, Toussaint MJM, Landman WJM, Tivapasi M, Chamanza R, van Veen L Infection, inflammation and stress inhibit growth: mechanisms and non-specific assessment of the processes by acute phase proteins. In: Wensing T, editor. Production diseases in farm animals. 10th annual conference, 1998. Wageningen (The Netherlands): Wageningen Press; 1999. p. 72–87.
  10. [21]Andus T, Geiger T, Hirano T, Kishimoto T, Heinrich PC Action of recombinant human interleukin 6, interleukin 1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha on the mRNA induction of acute-phase proteins. Eur J Immunol 1988; 18: 739– 46. 2454192
  11. [22]Kopf M, Baumann H, Freer G, Freudenberg M, Lamers M, Kishimoto T, Zinkernagel R, Bluethmann H, Kohler G Impaired immune and acute-phase responses in interleukin-6-deficient mice. Nature 1994; 368: 339– 42. 8127368
  12. [23]Thorn CF, Lu ZY, Whitehead AS Regulation of the human acute phase serum amyloid A genes by tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and glucocorticoids in hepatic and epithelial cell lines. Scand J Immunol 2004; 59: 152– 8. 14871291
  13. [25]Thurnham DI, Northrop-Clewes CA, Knowles J The use of adjustment factors to address the impact of inflammation on vitamin A and iron status in humans. J Nutr 2015; 145: 1137S– 43S. 25833890 PMC4410494
  14. [26]World Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Assessing the iron status of populations: including literature reviews. Report of a Joint WHO/CDC Technical Consultation on the Assessment of Iron Status at the Population Level 2nd edition. Geneva (Switzerland): WHO; 2007.
  15. [27]Raiten DJ, Namaste S, Brabin B Considerations for the safe and effective use of iron interventions in areas of malaria burden—executive summary. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2011; 81: 57– 71. 22002219
  16. [29]Raiten DJ, Namaste S, Brabin B, Combs G Jr, L'Abbe MR, Wasantwisut E, Darnton-Hill I Executive summary—Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development: building a consensus. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 94(Suppl): 633S– 50S. 21733880 PMC3142731
  17. [31]Lashinger LM, Ford NA, Hursting SD Interacting inflammatory and growth factor signals underlie the obesity-cancer link. J Nutr 2014; 144: 109– 13. 24285690 PMC3901418
  18. [32]Macpherson AJ, McCoy KD, Johansen FE, Brandtzaeg P The immune geography of IgA induction and function. Mucosal Immunol 2008; 1: 11– 22. 19079156
  19. [33]Lozupone CA, Stombaugh JI, Gordon JI, Jansson JK, Knight R Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota. Nature 2012; 489: 220– 30. 22972295 PMC3577372
  20. [34]Hooper LV, Littman DR, Macpherson AJ Interactions between the microbiota and the immune system. Science 2012; 336: 1268– 73. 22674334 PMC4420145
  21. [36]Claycombe KJ, Brissette CA, Ghribi O Epigenetics of inflammation, maternal infection, and nutrition. J Nutr 2015; 145: 1109S– 15S. 25833887 PMC4410493
  22. [37]Salam RA, Das JK, Bhutta ZA Current issues and priorities in childhood nutrition, growth, and infections. J Nutr 2015; 145: 1116S– 22S. 25833888 PMC4410495
  23. [38]Duffy LC, Raiten DJ, Hubbard VS, Starke-Reed P Progress and challenges in developing metabolic footprints from diet in human gut microbial co-metabolism. J Nutr 2015; 145: 1123S– 30S. 25833886 PMC4410496
  24. [39]Crenn P, De Truchis P, Neveux N, Galperine T, Cynober L, Melchior JC Plasma citrulline is a biomarker of enterocyte mass and an indicator of parenteral nutrition in HIV-infected patients. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90: 587– 94. 19587086
  25. [40]Lutgens LC, Blijlevens NM, Deutz NE, Donnelly JP, Lambin P, de Pauw BE Monitoring myeloablative therapy-induced small bowel toxicity by serum citrulline concentration: a comparison with sugar permeability tests. Cancer 2005; 103: 191– 9. 15573372
  26. [41]Vreugdenhil AC, Wolters VM, Adriaanse MP, Van den Neucker AM, van Bijnen AA, Houwen R, Buurman WA Additional value of serum I-FABP levels for evaluating celiac disease activity in children. Scand J Gastroenterol 2011; 46: 1435– 41. 22029621
  27. [42]van Rheenen PF Role of fecal calprotectin testing to predict relapse in teenagers with inflammatory bowel disease who report full disease control. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 18: 2018– 25. 22275341
  28. [43]Johnson AR, Makowski L Nutrition and metabolic correlates of obesity and inflammation: clinical considerations. J Nutr 2015; 145: 1131S– 6S. 25833891 PMC4410497
  29. [44]Calder PC, Ahluwalia N, Albers R, Bosco N, Bourdet-Sicard R, Haller D, Holgate ST, Jonsson LS, Latulippe ME, Marcos A, A consideration of biomarkers to be used for evaluation of inflammation in human nutritional studies. Br J Nutr 2013; 109(Suppl 1): S1– 34. 23343744
  30. [45]Kolev M, Le Friec G, Kemper C The role of complement in CD4(+) T cell homeostasis and effector functions. Semin Immunol 2013; 25: 12– 9. 23725635
  31. [46]Köhl J Self, non-self, and danger: a complementary view. Adv Exp Med Biol 2006; 586: 71– 94. 16893066
  32. [47]Deitch EA Bacterial translocation: the influence of dietary variables. Gut 1994; 35(1 Suppl): S23– 7. 8125385 PMC1378142
  33. [49]Katayama M, Xu D, Specian RD, Deitch EA Role of bacterial adherence and the mucus barrier on bacterial translocation: effects of protein malnutrition and endotoxin in rats. Ann Surg 1997; 225: 317– 26. 9060589 PMC1190683
  34. [50]Schäffer MR, Tantry U, Ahrendt GM, Wasserkrug HL, Barbul A Acute protein-calorie malnutrition impairs wound healing: a possible role of decreased wound nitric oxide synthesis. J Am Coll Surg 1997; 184: 37– 43. 8989298
  35. [51]Butzner JD, Butler DG, Miniats OP, Hamilton JR Impact of chronic protein-calorie malnutrition on small intestinal repair after acute viral enteritis: a study in gnotobiotic piglets. Pediatr Res 1985; 19: 476– 81. 3923424
  36. [52]Zijlstra RT, Donovan SM, Odle J, Gelberg HB, Petschow BW, Gaskins HR Protein-energy malnutrition delays small-intestinal recovery in neonatal pigs infected with rotavirus. J Nutr 1997; 127: 1118– 27. 9187626
  37. [53]Sakamoto M, Fujisawa Y, Nishioka K Physiologic role of the complement system in host defense, disease, and malnutrition. Nutrition 1998; 14: 391– 8. 9591312
  38. [54]Jennings G, Bourgeois C, Elia M The magnitude of the acute phase protein response is attenuated by protein deficiency in rats. J Nutr 1992; 122: 1325– 31. 1375288
  39. [55]Jennings G, Cruickshank AM, Shenkin A, Wight DG, Elia M Effect of aseptic abscesses in protein-deficient rats on the relationship between interleukin-6 and the acute-phase protein, alpha 2-macroglobulin. Clin Sci (Lond) 1992; 83: 731– 5. 1282854
  40. [56]Redmond HP, Leon P, Lieberman MD, Hofmann K, Shou J, Reynolds JV, Goldfine J, Johnston RB Jr, Daly JM Impaired macrophage function in severe protein-energy malnutrition. Arch Surg 1991; 126: 192– 6. 1847038
  41. [57]Fock RA, Vinolo MA, de Moura Sa Rocha V, de Sa Rocha LC, Borelli P Protein-energy malnutrition decreases the expression of TLR-4/MD-2 and CD14 receptors in peritoneal macrophages and reduces the synthesis of TNF-alpha in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Cytokine 2007; 40: 105– 14. 17950615
  42. [58]Stapleton PP, Barry LK, Freeman TA, Mestre JR, Daly JM Decreased peritoneal macrophage NF-kappaB translocation to the nucleus in protein energy malnutrition—a role for the glucocorticoid response? Clin Nutr 2004; 23: 177– 82. 15030957
  43. [59]McCarter MD, Naama HA, Shou J, Kwi LX, Evoy DA, Calvano SE, Daly JM Altered macrophage intracellular signaling induced by protein-calorie malnutrition. Cell Immunol 1998; 183: 131– 6. 9606997
  44. [60]Vinolo MA, Crisma AR, Nakajima K, Rogero MM, Fock RA, Borelli P Malnourished mice display an impaired hematologic response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administration. Nutr Res 2008; 28: 791– 7. 19083489
  45. [61]Harris MC, Douglas SD, Lee JC, Ziegler MM, Gerdes JS, Polin RA Diminished polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence and chemotaxis following protein-calorie malnutrition in newborn rats. Pediatr Res 1987; 21: 542– 6. 3110724
  46. [62]Keusch GT, Urrutia JJ, Guerrero O, Castaneda G, Smith H Jr Serum opsonic activity in acute protein-energy malnutrition. Bull World Health Organ 1981; 59: 923– 9. 6802507 PMC2396131
  47. [63]Suda AK, Mathur M, Deo K, Deo MG Kinetics of mobilization of neutrophils and their marrow pool in protein-calorie deficiency. Blood 1976; 48: 865– 75. 826292
  48. [64]Schopfer K, Douglas SD Neutrophil function in children with kwashiorkor. J Lab Clin Med 1976; 88: 450– 61. 784886
  49. [65]Silva SV, Garcia-Souza EP, Moura AS, Barja-Fidalgo C Maternal protein restriction during early lactation induces changes on neutrophil activation and TNF-alpha production of adult offspring. Inflammation 2010; 33: 65– 75. 19830535
  50. [66]Ritz BW, Gardner EM Malnutrition and energy restriction differentially affect viral immunity. J Nutr 2006; 136: 1141– 4. 16614394
  51. [67]Heath ML, Sidbury R Cutaneous manifestations of nutritional deficiency. Curr Opin Pediatr 2006; 18: 417– 22. 16914997
  52. [68]Wolbach SB, Howe PR Tissue changes following deprivation of fat-soluble A vitamin. J Exp Med 1925; 42: 753– 77. 19869087 PMC2131078
  53. [69]Wolbach SB, Howe PR Epithelial repair in recovery from vitamin A deficiency—an experimental study. J Exp Med 1933; 57: 511– 26. 19870144 PMC2132241
  54. [70]Madjid B, Sirisinha S, Lamb AJ The effect of vitamin A and protein deficiency on complement levels in rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1978; 158: 92– 5. 351628
  55. [71]Wiedermann U, Chen XJ, Enerback L, Hanson LA, Kahu H, Dahlgren UI Vitamin A deficiency increases inflammatory responses. Scand J Immunol 1996; 44: 578– 84. 8972739
  56. [72]Bohannon DE, Kiorpes TC, Wolf G The response of the acute-phase plasma protein alpha2-macroglobulin to vitamin A deficiency in the rat. J Nutr 1979; 109: 1189– 94. 87510
  57. [73]Twining SS, Schulte DP, Wilson PM, Fish BL, Moulder JE Vitamin A deficiency alters rat neutrophil function. J Nutr 1997; 127: 558– 65. 9109605
  58. [74]Kawamura T, Ogawa Y, Nakamura Y, Nakamizo S, Ohta Y, Nakano H, Kabashima K, Katayama I, Koizumi S, Kodama T, Severe dermatitis with loss of epidermal Langerhans cells in human and mouse zinc deficiency. J Clin Invest 2012; 122: 722– 32. 22214844 PMC3266781
  59. [75]Duggan C, Gannon J, Walker WA Protective nutrients and functional foods for the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 75: 789– 808. 11976152
  60. [76]Gong H, Takami Y, Amemiya T, Tozu M, Ohashi Y Ocular surface in Zn-deficient rats. Ophthalmic Res 2004; 36: 129– 38. 15103203
  61. [77]Fraker PJ, Zwickl CM, Luecke RW Delayed type hypersensitivity in zinc deficient adult mice: impairment and restoration of responsivity to dinitrofluorobenzene. J Nutr 1982; 112: 309– 13. 7057269
  62. [78]Nauss KM, Phua CC, Ambrogi L, Newberne PM Immunological changes during progressive stages of vitamin A deficiency in the rat. J Nutr 1985; 115: 909– 18. 3874271
  63. [79]Dawson HD, Ross AC Chronic marginal vitamin A status affects the distribution and function of T cells and natural T cells in aging Lewis rats. J Nutr 1999; 129: 1782– 90. 10498748
  64. [80]Abu-Amer Y, Bar-Shavit Z Impaired bone marrow-derived macrophage differentiation in vitamin D deficiency. Cell Immunol 1993; 151: 356– 68. 8402942
  65. [81]Bar-Shavit Z, Noff D, Edelstein S, Meyer M, Shibolet S, Goldman R 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and the regulation of macrophage function. Calcif Tissue Int 1981; 33: 673– 6. 6275970
  66. [82]Gavison R, Bar-Shavit Z Impaired macrophage activation in vitamin D3 deficiency: differential in vitro effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on mouse peritoneal macrophage functions. J Immunol 1989; 143: 3686– 90. 2584714
  67. [83]Kankova M, Luini W, Pedrazzoni M, Riganti F, Sironi M, Bottazzi B, Mantovani A, Vecchi A Impairment of cytokine production in mice fed a vitamin D3-deficient diet. Immunology 1991; 73: 466– 71. 1655638 PMC1384578
  68. [84]Yang S, Smith C, Prahl JM, Luo X, DeLuca HF Vitamin D deficiency suppresses cell-mediated immunity in vivo. Arch Biochem Biophys 1993; 303: 98– 106. 8489269
  69. [85]Mathieu C, Van Etten E, Gysemans C, Decallonne B, Kato S, Laureys J, Depovere J, Valckx D, Verstuyf A, Bouillon R In vitro and in vivo analysis of the immune system of vitamin D receptor knockout mice. J Bone Miner Res 2001; 16: 2057– 65. 11697802
  70. [86]Gysemans C, van Etten E, Overbergh L, Giulietti A, Eelen G, Waer M, Verstuyf A, Bouillon R, Mathieu C Unaltered diabetes presentation in NOD mice lacking the vitamin D receptor. Diabetes 2008; 57: 269– 75. 17959935
  71. [87]Shiner M, Redmond AO, Hansen JD The jejunal mucosa in protein-energy malnutrition: a clinical, histological, and ultrastructural study. Exp Mol Pathol 1973; 19: 61– 78. 4198534
  72. [88]Brewster DR, Manary MJ, Menzies IS, O'Loughlin EV, Henry RL Intestinal permeability in kwashiorkor. Arch Dis Child 1997; 76: 236– 41. 9135265 PMC1717121
  73. [89]Welsh FK, Farmery SM, MacLennan K, Sheridan MB, Barclay GR, Guillou PJ, Reynolds JV Gut barrier function in malnourished patients. Gut 1998; 42: 396– 401. 9577348 PMC1727047
  74. [90]Omoike IU, Abiodun PO Upper small intestinal microflora in diarrhea and malnutrition in Nigerian children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1989; 9: 314– 21. 2614617
  75. [92]Little MO Nutrition and skin ulcers. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2013; 16: 39– 49. 23222706
  76. [93]Keusch GT, Torun B, Johnston RB Jr, Urrutia JJ Impairment of hemolytic complement activation by both classical and alternative pathways in serum from patients with kwashiorkor. J Pediatr 1984; 105: 434– 6. 6470864
  77. [94]Haller L, Zubler RH, Lambert PH Plasma levels of complement components and complement haemolytic activity in protein-energy malnutrition. Clin Exp Immunol 1978; 34: 248– 52. 216509 PMC1537499
  78. [95]Hughes S, Kelly P Interactions of malnutrition and immune impairment, with specific reference to immunity against parasites. Parasite Immunol 2006; 28: 577– 88. 17042929 PMC1636690
  79. [96]Doherty JF, Golden MH, Raynes JG, Griffin GE, McAdam KP Acute-phase protein response is impaired in severely malnourished children. Clin Sci (Lond) 1993; 84: 169– 75. 8382582
  80. [97]Durán-Chávez C, Sánchez-Herrera G, Cañedo-Solares I, Pérez-Ortíz B C-reactive protein in severely malnourished children. Nutr Res 1994; 14: 967– 75.
  81. [98]Woodward B Protein, calories, and immune defenses. Nutr Rev 1998; 56: S84– 92. 9481128
  82. [99]Gershwin ME, Beach RS, Hurley LS Nutrition and immunity. Orlando (FL): Academic Press; 1985.
  83. [100]Nayak KC, Sethi AS, Aggarwal TD, Chadda VS, Kumar KK Bactericidal power of neutrophils in protein calorie malnutrition. Indian J Pediatr 1989; 56: 371– 7. 2509345
  84. [101]Schopfer K, Douglas SD Fine structural studies of peripheral blood leucocytes from children with kwashiorkor: morphological and functional properties. Br J Haematol 1976; 32: 573– 7. 1259939
  85. [102]Rao V, Friend J, Thoft RA, Underwood BA, Reddy PR Conjunctival goblet cells and mitotic rate in children with retinol deficiency and measles. Arch Ophthalmol 1987; 105: 378– 80. 3827715
  86. [103]Savy M, Edmond K, Fine PE, Hall A, Hennig BJ, Moore SE, Mulholland K, Schaible U, Prentice AM Landscape analysis of interactions between nutrition and vaccine responses in children. J Nutr 2009; 139(Suppl): 2154S– 218S. 19793845
  87. [104]Stephensen CB Vitamin A, infection, and immune function. Annu Rev Nutr 2001; 21: 167– 92. 11375434
  88. [105]Villamor E, Fawzi WW Effects of vitamin A supplementation on immune responses and correlation with clinical outcomes. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18: 446– 64. 16020684 PMC1195969
  89. [106]Ahmad SM, Haskell MJ, Raqib R, Stephensen CB Vitamin A status is associated with T-cell responses in Bangladeshi men. Br J Nutr 2009; 102: 797– 802. 19747427
  90. [107]Jason J, Archibald LK, Nwanyanwu OC, Sowell AL, Buchanan I, Larned J, Bell M, Kazembe PN, Dobbie H, Jarvis WR Vitamin A levels and immunity in humans. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2002; 9: 616– 21. 11986269 PMC119985
  91. [108]Krebs NF Update on zinc deficiency and excess in clinical pediatric practice. Ann Nutr Metab 2013; 62(Suppl 1): 19– 29. 23689110
  92. [109]Businco L, Menghi AM, Rossi P, D'Amelio R, Galli E Zinc-dependent chemotactic defect in an infant with acrodermatitis. Arch Dis Child 1980; 55: 966– 8. 7458399 PMC1627185
  93. [110]Honzík T, Magner M, Janda A, Bartunkova J, Polaskova S, Zeman J Prolonged impairment of polymorphonuclear cells functions in one infant with transient zinc deficiency: a case report. Prague Med Rep 2008; 109: 184– 93. 19548600
  94. [111]Weston WL, Huff JC, Humbert JR, Hambidge KM, Neldner KH, Walravens PA Zinc correction of defective chemotaxis in acrodermatitis enteropathica. Arch Dermatol 1977; 113: 422– 5. 848970
  95. [112]Adams JS, Ren S, Liu PT, Chun RF, Lagishetty V, Gombart AF, Borregaard N, Modlin RL, Hewison M Vitamin D-directed rheostatic regulation of monocyte antibacterial responses. J Immunol 2009; 182: 4289– 95. 19299728 PMC2683618
  96. [114]Gombart AF, Saito T, Koeffler HP Exaptation of an ancient Alu short interspersed element provides a highly conserved vitamin D-mediated innate immune response in humans and primates. BMC Genomics 2009; 10: 1– 11. 19607716 PMC2716374
  97. [115]Hata TR, Kotol P, Jackson M, Nguyen M, Paik A, Udall D, Kanada K, Yamasaki K, Alexandrescu D, Gallo RL Administration of oral vitamin D induces cathelicidin production in atopic individuals. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 122: 829– 31. 19014773 PMC2659525
  98. [118]Austenaa LM, Carlsen H, Hollung K, Blomhoff HK, Blomhoff R Retinoic acid dampens LPS-induced NF-kappaB activity: results from human monoblasts and in vivo imaging of NF-kappaB reporter mice. J Nutr Biochem 2009; 20: 726– 34. 18926686
  99. [119]Chen Q, Ma Y, Ross AC Opposing cytokine-specific effects of all trans-retinoic acid on the activation and expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1 in THP-1 cells. Immunology 2002; 107: 199– 208. 12383199 PMC1782788
  100. [120]Na SY, Kang BY, Chung SW, Han SJ, Ma X, Trinchieri G, Im SY, Lee JW, Kim TS Retinoids inhibit interleukin-12 production in macrophages through physical associations of retinoid X receptor and NFkappaB. J Biol Chem 1999; 274: 7674– 80. 10075655
  101. [121]Dong X, Lutz W, Schroeder TM, Bachman LA, Westendorf JJ, Kumar R, Griffin MD Regulation of relB in dendritic cells by means of modulated association of vitamin D receptor and histone deacetylase 3 with the promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 16007– 12. 16239345 PMC1257750
  102. [122]Hansdottir S, Monick MM, Lovan N, Powers L, Gerke A, Hunninghake GW Vitamin D decreases respiratory syncytial virus induction of NF-kappaB-linked chemokines and cytokines in airway epithelium while maintaining the antiviral state. J Immunol 2010; 184: 965– 74. 20008294 PMC3035054
  103. [123]Chen Y, Kong J, Sun T, Li G, Szeto FL, Liu W, Deb DK, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Thadhani R, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(3) suppresses inflammation-induced expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 by blocking nuclear factor-kappaB activation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 507: 241– 7. 21176770 PMC3049452
  104. [124]Wu S, Liao AP, Xia Y, Li YC, Li JD, Sartor RB, Sun J Vitamin D receptor negatively regulates bacterial-stimulated NF-kappaB activity in intestine. Am J Pathol 2010; 177: 686– 97. 20566739 PMC2913341
  105. [125]Foster M, Samman S Zinc and regulation of inflammatory cytokines: implications for cardiometabolic disease. Nutrients 2012; 4: 676– 94. 22852057 PMC3407988
  106. [126]Bao S, Liu MJ, Lee B, Besecker B, Lai JP, Guttridge DC, Knoell DL Zinc modulates the innate immune response in vivo to polymicrobial sepsis through regulation of NF-kappaB. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 298: L744– 54. 20207754 PMC2886607
  107. [127]Ryu MS, Langkamp-Henken B, Chang SM, Shankar MN, Cousins RJ Genomic analysis, cytokine expression, and microRNA profiling reveal biomarkers of human dietary zinc depletion and homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011; 108: 20970– 5. 22171008 PMC3248538
  108. [128]Prasad AS, Bao B, Beck FW, Sarkar FH Correction of interleukin-2 gene expression by in vitro zinc addition to mononuclear cells from zinc-deficient human subjects: a specific test for zinc deficiency in humans. Transl Res 2006; 148: 325– 33. 17162254
  109. [129]Glauert HP Vitamin E and NF-kappaB activation: a review. Vitam Horm 2007; 76: 135– 53. 17628174
  110. [131]Sakaguchi S Naturally arising CD4+ regulatory T cells for immunologic self-tolerance and negative control of immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol 2004; 22: 531– 62. 15032588
  111. [132]Sigmundsdottir H, Butcher EC Environmental cues, dendritic cells and the programming of tissue-selective lymphocyte trafficking. Nat Immunol 2008; 9: 981– 7. 18711435 PMC3171274
  112. [134]Broadhurst MJ, Leung JM, Lim KC, Girgis NM, Gundra UM, Fallon PG, Premenko-Lanier M, McKerrow JH, McCune JM, Loke P Upregulation of retinal dehydrogenase 2 in alternatively activated macrophages during retinoid-dependent type-2 immunity to helminth infection in mice. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8: e1002883. 22927819 PMC3426520
  113. [135]Spiegl N, Didichenko S, McCaffery P, Langen H, Dahinden CA Human basophils activated by mast cell-derived IL-3 express retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-II and produce the immunoregulatory mediator retinoic acid. Blood 2008; 112: 3762– 71. 18495959
  114. [136]Dunham RM, Thapa M, Velazquez VM, Elrod EJ, Denning TL, Pulendran B, Grakoui A Hepatic stellate cells preferentially induce Foxp3+ regulatory T cells by production of retinoic acid. J Immunol 2013; 190: 2009– 16. 23359509 PMC3575565
  115. [137]Ziegler SF FOXP3: of mice and men. Annu Rev Immunol 2006; 24: 209– 26. 16551248
  116. [138]Xu L, Kitani A, Stuelten C, McGrady G, Fuss I, Strober W Positive and negative transcriptional regulation of the Foxp3 gene is mediated by access and binding of the Smad3 protein to enhancer I. Immunity 2010; 33: 313– 25. 20870174 PMC2972198
  117. [139]Kang SG, Lim HW, Andrisani OM, Broxmeyer HE, Kim CH Vitamin A metabolites induce gut-homing FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. J Immunol 2007; 179: 3724– 33. 17785809
  118. [140]Sadlon TJ, Wilkinson BG, Pederson S, Brown CY, Bresatz S, Gargett T, Melville EL, Peng K, D'Andrea RJ, Glonek GG, Genome-wide identification of human FOXP3 target genes in natural regulatory T cells. J Immunol 2010; 185: 1071– 81. 20554955
  119. [141]Joshi S, Pantalena LC, Liu XK, Gaffen SL, Liu H, Rohowsky-Kochan C, Ichiyama K, Yoshimura A, Steinman L, Christakos S, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(3) ameliorates Th17 autoimmunity via transcriptional modulation of interleukin-17A. Mol Cell Biol 2011; 31: 3653– 69. 21746882 PMC3165548
  120. [142]Kang SW, Kim SH, Lee N, Lee WW, Hwang KA, Shin MS, Lee SH, Kim WU, Kang I 1,25-Dihyroxyvitamin D3 promotes FOXP3 expression via binding to vitamin D response elements in its conserved noncoding sequence region. J Immunol 2012; 188: 5276– 82. 22529297 PMC3358577
  121. [143]Mayne CG, Spanier JA, Relland LM, Williams CB, Hayes CE 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 acts directly on the T lymphocyte vitamin D receptor to inhibit experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41: 822– 32. 21287548
  122. [144]Konieczna P, Groeger D, Ziegler M, Frei R, Ferstl R, Shanahan F, Quigley EM, Kiely B, Akdis CA, O'Mahony L Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 administration induces Foxp3 T regulatory cells in human peripheral blood: potential role for myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Gut 2012; 61: 354– 66. 22052061
  123. [145]Weisse K, Winkler S, Hirche F, Herberth G, Hinz D, Bauer M, Roder S, Rolle-Kampczyk U, von Bergen M, Olek S, Maternal and newborn vitamin D status and its impact on food allergy development in the German LINA cohort study. Allergy 2013; 68: 220– 8. 23253182
  124. [146]Mottaghi A, Salehi E, Keshvarz A, Sezavar H, Saboor-Yaraghi AA The influence of vitamin A supplementation on Foxp3 and TGF-beta gene expression in atherosclerotic patients. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics 2012; 5: 314– 26. 23363776
  125. [147]Yamaguchi T, Hirota K, Nagahama K, Ohkawa K, Takahashi T, Nomura T, Sakaguchi S Control of immune responses by antigen-specific regulatory T cells expressing the folate receptor. Immunity 2007; 27: 145– 59. 17613255
  126. [148]Kinoshita M, Kayama H, Kusu T, Yamaguchi T, Kunisawa J, Kiyono H, Sakaguchi S, Takeda K Dietary folic acid promotes survival of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the colon. J Immunol 2012; 189: 2869– 78. 22869901
  127. [149]Takahashi H, Nakazawa M, Takahashi K, Aihara M, Minami M, Hirasawa T, Ikezawa Z Effects of zinc deficient diet on development of atopic dermatitis-like eruptions in DS-Nh mice. J Dermatol Sci 2008; 50: 31– 9. 18248795
  128. [150]Abe M, Akbar F, Matsuura B, Horiike N, Onji M Defective antigen-presenting capacity of murine dendritic cells during starvation. Nutrition 2003; 19: 265– 9. 12620532
  129. [151]Conzen SD, Janeway CA Defective antigen presentation in chronically protein-deprived mice. Immunology 1988; 63: 683– 9. 3130310 PMC1454782
  130. [152]Konyer JE, Hillyer LM, Woodward B Splenic dendritic cell populations of the weanling mouse involute proportionately with total nucleated cell numbers throughout acute protein and energy deficiencies except in the most advanced stages of nitrogen-to-energy imbalance. Nutr Res 2003; 23: 921– 31.
  131. [153]Niiya T, Akbar SM, Yoshida O, Miyake T, Matsuura B, Murakami H, Abe M, Hiasa Y, Onji M Impaired dendritic cell function resulting from chronic undernutrition disrupts the antigen-specific immune response in mice. J Nutr 2007; 137: 671– 5. 17311958
  132. [154]Redmond HP, Gallagher HJ, Shou J, Daly JM Antigen presentation in protein-energy malnutrition. Cell Immunol 1995; 163: 80– 7. 7758132
  133. [155]Zhang X, Hillyer LM, Woodward BD The capacity of noninflammatory (steady-state) dendritic cells to present antigen in the primary response is preserved in acutely protein- or energy-deficient weanling mice. J Nutr 2002; 132: 2748– 56. 12221240
  134. [156]Chang SY, Cha HR, Chang JH, Ko HJ, Yang H, Malissen B, Iwata M, Kweon MN Lack of retinoic acid leads to increased langerin-expressing dendritic cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Gastroenterology 2010;138(4):1468–78, 1478e1–6. 19914251
  135. [157]Duriancik DM, Hoag KA Vitamin A deficiency alters splenic dendritic cell subsets and increases CD8(+)Gr-1(+) memory T lymphocytes in C57BL/6J mice. Cell Immunol 2010; 265: 156– 63. 20832059 PMC2966341
  136. [158]Suzuki K, Maruya M, Kawamoto S, Sitnik K, Kitamura H, Agace WW, Fagarasan S The sensing of environmental stimuli by follicular dendritic cells promotes immunoglobulin A generation in the gut. Immunity 2010; 33: 71– 83. 20643338
  137. [159]Vlasova AN, Chattha KS, Kandasamy S, Siegismund CS, Saif LJ Prenatally acquired vitamin A deficiency alters innate immune responses to human rotavirus in a gnotobiotic pig model. J Immunol 2013; 190: 4742– 53. 23536630 PMC3633669
  138. [160]Yang Y, Yuan Y, Tao Y, Wang W Effects of vitamin A deficiency on mucosal immunity and response to intestinal infection in rats. Nutrition 2011; 27: 227– 32. 20363594
  139. [161]Ahmed F, Jones DB, Jackson AA The interaction of vitamin A deficiency and rotavirus infection in the mouse. Br J Nutr 1990; 63: 363– 73. 2334670
  140. [162]Zhao Z, Ross AC Retinoic acid repletion restores the number of leukocytes and their subsets and stimulates natural cytotoxicity in vitamin A-deficient rats. J Nutr 1995; 125: 2064– 73. 7643240
  141. [163]Kang SG, Wang C, Matsumoto S, Kim CH High and low vitamin A therapies induce distinct FoxP3+ T-cell subsets and effectively control intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology 2009; 137: 1391– 402. 19632226 PMC2757541
  142. [164]Schuster GU, Kenyon NJ, Stephensen CB Vitamin A deficiency decreases and high dietary vitamin A increases disease severity in the mouse model of asthma. J Immunol 2008; 180: 1834– 42. 18209081
  143. [165]Stephensen CB, Jiang X, Freytag T Vitamin A deficiency increases the in vivo development of IL-10-positive Th2 cells and decreases development of Th1 cells in mice. J Nutr 2004; 134: 2660– 6. 15465763
  144. [166]Friedman A, Sklan D Impaired T lymphocyte immune response in vitamin A depleted rats and chicks. Br J Nutr 1989; 62: 439– 49. 2479411
  145. [167]Mora JR, Iwata M, Eksteen B, Song SY, Junt T, Senman B, Otipoby KL, Yokota A, Takeuchi H, Ricciardi-Castagnoli P, Generation of gut-homing IgA-secreting B cells by intestinal dendritic cells. Science 2006; 314: 1157– 60. 17110582
  146. [168]Bruce D, Yu S, Ooi JH, Cantorna MT Converging pathways lead to overproduction of IL-17 in the absence of vitamin D signaling. Int Immunol 2011; 23: 519– 28. 21697289 PMC3139478
  147. [169]Goldstein BD, Kurt RA Dietary vitamin D3 restriction influences tumor growth, but not the ability to generate an antigen-specific immune response in OTII transgenic mice. Immunol Invest 2009; 38: 365– 82. 19811414
  148. [170]Griffin MD, Lutz W, Phan VA, Bachman LA, McKean DJ, Kumar R Dendritic cell modulation by 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its analogs: a vitamin D receptor-dependent pathway that promotes a persistent state of immaturity in vitro and in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98: 6800– 5. 11371626 PMC34433
  149. [171]Nguyen NL, Chen K, McAleer J, Kolls JK Vitamin D regulation of OX40 ligand in immune responses to Aspergillus fumigatus. Infect Immun 2013; 81: 1510– 9. 23439304 PMC3647994
  150. [172]O'Kelly J, Hisatake J, Hisatake Y, Bishop J, Norman A, Koeffler HP Normal myelopoiesis but abnormal T lymphocyte responses in vitamin D receptor knockout mice. J Clin Invest 2002; 109: 1091– 9. 11956247 PMC150940
  151. [173]Yu S, Cantorna MT The vitamin D receptor is required for iNKT cell development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105: 5207– 12. 18364394 PMC2278204
  152. [174]Hughes SM, Amadi B, Mwiya M, Nkamba H, Tomkins A, Goldblatt D Dendritic cell anergy results from endotoxemia in severe malnutrition. J Immunol 2009; 183: 2818– 26. 19625645
  153. [175]Yener E, Coker C, Cura A, Keskinoglu A, Mir S Lymphocyte subpopulations in children with vitamin D deficient rickets. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1995; 37: 500– 2. 7572152
  154. [176]von Essen MR, Kongsbak M, Schjerling P, Olgaard K, Odum N, Geisler C Vitamin D controls T cell antigen receptor signaling and activation of human T cells. Nat Immunol 2010; 11: 344– 9. 20208539
  155. [177]Ahluwalia N, Sun J, Krause D, Mastro A, Handte G Immune function is impaired in iron-deficient, homebound, older women. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 79: 516– 21. 14985230
  156. [178]Bagchi K, Mohanram M, Reddy V Humoral immune response in children with iron-deficiency anaemia. BMJ 1980; 280: 1249– 51. 7388490 PMC1601555
  157. [179]Dhur A, Galan P, Hercberg S Iron status, immune capacity and resistance to infections. Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol 1989;94(1):11–9. 2571445
  158. [180]Mullick S, Rusia U, Sikka M, Faridi MA Impact of iron deficiency anaemia on T lymphocytes and their subsets in children. Indian J Med Res 2006; 124: 647– 54. 17287552
  159. [181]Santos PC, Falcao RP Decreased lymphocyte subsets and K-cell activity in iron deficiency anemia. Acta Haematol 1990; 84: 118– 21. 2147088
  160. [182]Gross RL, Reid JV, Newberne PM, Burgess B, Marston R, Hift W Depressed cell-mediated immunity in megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 1975; 28: 225– 32. 1119420
  161. [183]Molls RR, Ahluwalia N, Mastro AM, Smiciklas-Wright H, Handte GC Nutritional status predicts primary subclasses of T cells and the lymphocyte proliferation response in healthy older women. J Nutr 2005; 135: 2644– 50. 16251624
  162. [184]Payette H, Rola-Pleszczynski M, Ghadirian P Nutrition factors in relation to cellular and regulatory immune variables in a free-living elderly population. Am J Clin Nutr 1990; 52: 927– 32. 2239770
  163. [185]Repa JJ, Hanson KK, Clagett-Dame M All-trans-retinol is a ligand for the retinoic acid receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993; 90: 7293– 7. 8394016 PMC47123
  164. [186]Mahony S, Mazzoni EO, McCuine S, Young RA, Wichterle H, Gifford DK Ligand-dependent dynamics of retinoic acid receptor binding during early neurogenesis. Genome Biol 2011; 12: R2. 21232103 PMC3091300
  165. [187]Balmer JE, Blomhoff R Gene expression regulation by retinoic acid. J Lipid Res 2002; 43: 1773– 808. 12401878
  166. [188]Haussler MR, Haussler CA, Jurutka PW, Thompson PD, Hsieh JC, Remus LS, Selznick SH, Whitfield GK The vitamin D hormone and its nuclear receptor: molecular actions and disease states. J Endocrinol 1997; 154(Suppl): S57– 73. 9379138
  167. [189]Ramagopalan SV, Heger A, Berlanga AJ, Maugeri NJ, Lincoln MR, Burrell A, Handunnetthi L, Handel AE, Disanto G, Orton SM, A ChIP-seq defined genome-wide map of vitamin D receptor binding: associations with disease and evolution. Genome Res 2010; 20: 1352– 60. 20736230 PMC2945184
  168. [190]Schräder M, Bendik I, Becker-Andre M, Carlberg C Interaction between retinoic acid and vitamin D signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 17830– 6. 8394351
  169. [191]Koszewski NJ, Herberth J, Malluche HH Retinoic acid receptor gamma 2 interactions with vitamin D response elements. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2010; 120: 200– 7. 20420906
  170. [192]Bastie JN, Balitrand N, Guillemot I, Chomienne C, Delva L Cooperative action of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and retinoic acid in NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation is transcriptionally controlled. Exp Cell Res 2005; 310: 319– 30. 16181625
  171. [194]Laity JH, Lee BM, Wright PE Zinc finger proteins: new insights into structural and functional diversity. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2001; 11: 39– 46. 11179890
  172. [195]Emerson RO, Thomas JH Adaptive evolution in zinc finger transcription factors. PLoS Genet 2009; 5: e1000325. 19119423 PMC2604467
  173. [196]Yamasaki S, Sakata-Sogawa K, Hasegawa A, Suzuki T, Kabu K, Sato E, Kurosaki T, Yamashita S, Tokunaga M, Nishida K, Zinc is a novel intracellular second messenger. J Cell Biol 2007; 177: 637– 45. 17502426 PMC2064209
  174. [197]Encode Project Consortium. An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. Nature 2012; 489: 57– 74. 22955616 PMC3439153
  175. [198]Yip KY, Cheng C, Bhardwaj N, Brown JB, Leng J, Kundaje A, Rozowsky J, Birney E, Bickel P, Snyder M, Classification of human genomic regions based on experimentally determined binding sites of more than 100 transcription-related factors. Genome Biol 2012; 13: R48. 22950945 PMC3491392
  176. [199]Curran JE, Jowett JB, Elliott KS, Gao Y, Gluschenko K, Wang J, Abel Azim DM, Cai G, Mahaney MC, Comuzzie AG, Genetic variation in selenoprotein S influences inflammatory response. Nat Genet 2005; 37: 1234– 41. 16227999
  177. [200]Stankiewicz P, Lupski JR Structural variation in the human genome and its role in disease. Annu Rev Med 2010; 61: 437– 55. 20059347
  178. [201]Lee JT Epigenetic regulation by long noncoding RNAs. Science 2012; 338: 1435– 9. 23239728
  179. [202]Bruniquel D, Schwartz RH Selective, stable demethylation of the interleukin-2 gene enhances transcription by an active process. Nat Immunol 2003; 4: 235– 40. 12548284
  180. [203]Morinobu A, Kanno Y, O'Shea JJ Discrete roles for histone acetylation in human T helper 1 cell-specific gene expression. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 40640– 6. 15280353
  181. [204]Rowling MJ, McMullen MH, Schalinske KL Vitamin A and its derivatives induce hepatic glycine N-methyltransferase and hypomethylation of DNA in rats. J Nutr 2002; 132: 365– 9. 11880556
  182. [205]Perng W, Rozek LS, Mora-Plazas M, Duchin O, Marin C, Forero Y, Baylin A, Villamor E Micronutrient status and global DNA methylation in school-age children. Epigenetics 2012; 7: 1133– 41. 22918385 PMC3469455
  183. [206]Cheong HS, Lee HC, Park BL, Kim H, Jang MJ, Han YM, Kim SY, Kim YS, Shin HD Epigenetic modification of retinoic acid-treated human embryonic stem cells. BMB Rep 2010; 43: 830– 5. 21189161
  184. [207]Agger K, Cloos PA, Christensen J, Pasini D, Rose S, Rappsilber J, Issaeva I, Canaani E, Salcini AE, Helin K UTX and JMJD3 are histone H3K27 demethylases involved in HOX gene regulation and development. Nature 2007; 449: 731– 4. 17713478
  185. [208]Lee MG, Villa R, Trojer P, Norman J, Yan KP, Reinberg D, Di Croce L, Shiekhattar R Demethylation of H3K27 regulates polycomb recruitment and H2A ubiquitination. Science 2007; 318: 447– 50. 17761849
  186. [209]Jepsen K, Solum D, Zhou T, McEvilly RJ, Kim HJ, Glass CK, Hermanson O, Rosenfeld MG SMRT-mediated repression of an H3K27 demethylase in progression from neural stem cell to neuron. Nature 2007; 450: 415– 9. 17928865
  187. [210]Angrisano T, Sacchetti S, Natale F, Cerrato A, Pero R, Keller S, Peluso S, Perillo B, Avvedimento VE, Fusco A, Chromatin and DNA methylation dynamics during retinoic acid-induced RET gene transcriptional activation in neuroblastoma cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 39: 1993– 2006. 20952403 PMC3064803
  188. [211]Fujiki R, Chikanishi T, Hashiba W, Ito H, Takada I, Roeder RG, Kitagawa H, Kato S GlcNAcylation of a histone methyltransferase in retinoic-acid-induced granulopoiesis. Nature 2014; 505: 455– 9. 19377461
  189. [212]Garzon R, Pichiorri F, Palumbo T, Visentini M, Aqeilan R, Cimmino A, Wang H, Sun H, Volinia S, Alder H, MicroRNA gene expression during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of human acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncogene 2007; 26: 4148– 57. 17260024
  190. [213]Pozzi S, Rossetti S, Bistulfi G, Sacchi N RAR-mediated epigenetic control of the cytochrome P450 Cyp26a1 in embryocarcinoma cells. Oncogene 2006; 25: 1400– 7. 16261163
  191. [214]Kashyap V, Gudas LJ Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms distinguish retinoic acid-mediated transcriptional responses in stem cells and fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 2010; 285: 14534– 48. 20231276 PMC2863236
  192. [215]Yuan W, Wu T, Fu H, Dai C, Wu H, Liu N, Li X, Xu M, Zhang Z, Niu T, Dense chromatin activates Polycomb repressive complex 2 to regulate H3 lysine 27 methylation. Science 2012; 337: 971– 5. 22923582
  193. [216]Raiten DJ Nutrition and pharmacology: general principles and implications for HIV. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 94(Suppl): 1697S– 702S. 22089445 PMC3225603
  194. [217]Pereira F, Barbachano A, Singh PK, Campbell MJ, Munoz A, Larriba MJ Vitamin D has wide regulatory effects on histone demethylase genes. Cell Cycle 2012; 11: 1081– 9. 22370479
  195. [218]Thorne JL, Maguire O, Doig CL, Battaglia S, Fehr L, Sucheston LE, Heinaniemi M, O'Neill LP, McCabe CJ, Turner BM, Epigenetic control of a VDR-governed feed-forward loop that regulates p21(waf1/cip1) expression and function in non-malignant prostate cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 39: 2045– 56. 21088000 PMC3064804
  196. [219]Antal AS, Dombrowski Y, Koglin S, Ruzicka T, Schauber J Impact of vitamin D3 on cutaneous immunity and antimicrobial peptide expression. Dermatoendocrinol 2011; 3: 18– 22. 21519404 PMC3051848
  197. [220]Jorde R, Svartberg J, Joakimsen RM, Coucheron DH Plasma profile of microRNA after supplementation with high doses of vitamin D3 for 12 months. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5: 245. 22594500 PMC3414768
  198. [221]Fernandes de Abreu DA, Landel V, Feron F Seasonal, gestational and postnatal influences on multiple sclerosis: the beneficial role of a vitamin D supplementation during early life. J Neurol Sci 2011; 311: 64– 8. 21930286
  199. [222]Kim MS, Fujiki R, Kitagawa H, Kato S 1alpha,25(OH)2D3-induced DNA methylation suppresses the human CYP27B1 gene. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2007; 265–266: 168– 73. 17250953
  200. [225]Komagata S, Nakajima M, Takagi S, Mohri T, Taniya T, Yokoi T Human CYP24 catalyzing the inactivation of calcitriol is post-transcriptionally regulated by miR-125b. Mol Pharmacol 2009; 76: 702– 9. 19570947

200 of 720 shown

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Raiten, D. J., Ashour, F. A. S., Ross, A. C., Meydani, S. N., Dawson, H. D., Stephensen, C. B., Brabin, B. J., Suchdev, P. S., & van Ommen, B.
Affiliations
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • Pennsylvania State University (US)
  • Tufts University (US)
  • Agricultural Research Service (US)
  • Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (GB)
  • Emory University (US)
Corresponding author
Raiten, Daniel J
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-05
Volume
145
Issue
5
Pages
1039S-1108S
ISSN
0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3945/jn.114.194571
PMC
PMC4448820
OpenAlex
W2010287327
Cited by
234
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 1
FWCI
4.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LSTM Online Archive (Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • TNO Repository (submittedVersion)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
  • University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
  • NIH Division of Nutrition Research Coordination
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
inflammation, immune response, biomarker interpretation, nutritional status
MeSH terms
Animals, Congresses as Topic, Diet, Food Technology, Humans, Immunologic Techniques, Terminology as Topic, Global Health, Biomarkers, Nutrition Policy, Inflammation Mediators, Evidence-Based Medicine, Biomedical Research, Nutritional Sciences

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review