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Cited by 613

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Association Between Depression and Mortality in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Schulz, Richard, Beach, Scott R., Ives, Diane G., Martire, Lynn M., Ariyo, Abraham A., Kop, Willem J.·2000·Archives of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.1001/archinte.160.12.1761
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Studies of the association between depressive symptoms and mortality in elderly populations have yielded contradictory findings. To address these discrepancies, we test this association using the most extensive array of sociodemographic and physical health control variables ever studied, to our knowledge, in a large population-based sample of elderly individuals. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between baseline depressive symptoms and 6-year all-cause mortality in older persons, systematically controlling for sociodemographic factors, clinical disease, subclinical disease, and health risk factors. METHODS: A total of 5201 men and women aged 65 years and older from 4 US communities participated in the study. Depressive symptoms and 4 categories of covariates were assessed at baseline. The primary outcome measure was 6-year mortality. RESULTS: Of the 5201 participants, 984 (18.9%) died within 6 years. High baseline depressive symptoms were associated with a higher mortality rate (23.9%) than low baseline depression scores (17.7%) (unadjusted relative risk [RR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-1.63). Depression was also an independent predictor of mortality when controlling for sociodemographic factors (RR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.23-1.66), prevalent clinical disease (RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.07-1.45), subclinical disease indicators (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.15-1.58), or biological or behavioral risk factors (RR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.22-1.65). When the best predictors from all 4 classes of variables were included as covariates, high depressive symptoms remained an independent predictor of mortality (RR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.06-1.46). CONCLUSIONS: High levels of depressive symptoms are an independent risk factor for mortality in community-residing older adults. Motivational depletion may be a key underlying mechanism for the depression-mortality effect.

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Metadata

Authors
Schulz, R., Beach, S. R., Ives, D. G., Martire, L. M., Ariyo, A. A., & Kop, W. J.
Venue
Archives of Internal Medicine
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2000-06-26
Volume
160
Issue
12
Pages
1761
ISSN
0003-9926
DOI
10.1001/archinte.160.12.1761
OpenAlex
W1992546589
Cited by
613
References
7
FWCI
25.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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