Distribution and chemical composition of estrogen receptor β neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the female and male mouse hypothalamus

Oyola, Mario G.; Thompson, Maranda K.; Handa, Aaron Z.; Handa, Robert J.

doi:10.1002/cne.24295

Cited by 53Stress Responses and CortisolNeuroendocrine regulation and behaviorEstrogen and related hormone effects

Distribution and chemical composition of estrogen receptor β neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the female and male mouse hypothalamus

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Oyola, Mario G., Thompson, Maranda K., Handa, Aaron Z., Handa, Robert J.·2017·Journal of Comparative Neurology

DOI 10.1002/cne.24295PMC PMC5815298

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Abstract

Activation of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ)‐expressing neurons regulates the mammalian stress response via the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. These neurons densely populate the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). Recent research has revealed striking differences between rat and mouse PVN cytochemistry, but careful exploration of PVN ERβ neurons in mice has been hindered by a lack of specific ERβ antisera. Therefore, we used male and female transgenic mice expressing EGFP under the control of the mouse ERβ promoter (ERβ‐EGFP) to examine the chemical architecture of PVN ERβ cells. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that 90% of ERβ‐immunoreactivity (‐ir) colocalized with EGFP. Cellular colocalization of EGFP with neuropeptides, transcription modulators, and neuronal tracers was examined throughout the PVN. ERβ‐EGFP cells expressed oxytocin more abundantly in the rostral (71 ± 3%) than caudal (33 ± 8%) PVN. Arginine vasopressin colocalized with EGFP more often in females (18 ± 3%) than males (4 ± 1%). Moreover, estrogen receptor α‐ir colocalized with ERβ‐EGFP at low levels (15 ± 3%). Using a corticotropin releasing hormone‐cre driver X tdTomato reporter mouse, we found a moderate colocalization with ERβ‐ir (48 ± 16%) in the middle PVN. Peripheral injection of fluorogold revealed that the rostral PVN ERβ‐EGFP cells are neuroendocrine neurons whereas non‐neuroendocrine (presumably pre‐autonomic) ERβ‐EGFP neurons predominated in the posterior PVN. These data demonstrate chemoarchitectural differences in ERβ neurons of the mouse PVN that are different from that previously described for the rat, thus, elucidating potential neuronal pathways involved in the regulation of the HPA axis in mice.

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85% of OT neurons in the PVN express ERβ in the rat and in mice.
“However, 85% of OT neurons in the PVN also express ERβ in the rat (Hrabovszky et al., 2004; Suzuki & Handa, 2004) and in mice (Oyola, Thomson, Handa, & Handa, 2017).”
From Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal and hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axes: sex differences in regulation of stress responsivity (2017) · cites this paper as Oyola, Thomson, Handa, & Handa, 2017
The citation to Oyola et al. supports the mouse portion of the sentence: Discussion §4.1 says that more than 80% of OT cells contained ERβ-EGFP in male and female mice. Results §3.2 gives regional averages of 76–81%, however, rather than the stated 85%. The rat portion is attached to other citations and is not assessed here. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Within the PVN, ERbeta is expressed in a large population of oxytocin neurons, approximately half of CRH neurons, and a small population of AVP neurons.
“Within the PVN, ERβ is expressed in a large population of oxytocin neurons, in approximately half of CRH neurons, and a small population of AVP neurons92.”
From Emerging insights into hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis regulation and interaction with stress signalling (2018) · cites this paper as [92]
Results §§3.2–3.3 report ERβ in a large proportion of oxytocin neurons and relatively sparse ERβ–AVP colocalization in the mouse PVN. Results §3.6 finds ERβ in approximately half of CRH neurons in the middle PVN, but substantially fewer in the caudal and rostral PVN; the claim presents that regional figure as applying to the PVN generally. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Authors: Oyola, M. G., Thompson, M. K., Handa, A. Z., & Handa, R. J.
Affiliations: Colorado State University (US)
University of Arizona College of Medicine- Phoenix (US)
Corresponding author: Oyola, Mario G.
ORCID: Oyola, Mario G.
Thompson, Maranda K.
Handa, Robert J.
Venue: Journal of Comparative Neurology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2017-08-21
Volume: 525
Issue: 17
Pages: 3666-3682
ISSN: 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
1096-9861
DOI: 10.1002/cne.24295
PMC: PMC5815298
OpenAlex: W2742019579
Cited by: 53
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1
FWCI: 2.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK105826)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS039951)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Keywords: estrogen receptor beta, paraventricular nucleus, hypothalamus, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, oxytocin, vasopressin, estrogen receptor alpha, corticotropin-releasing factor, neuroendocrine neurons, sex differences, mice, rat comparison, chemoarchitecture, stress response
MeSH terms: Analysis of Variance, Animals, Arginine Vasopressin, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neurons, Oxytocin, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Sex Characteristics, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, Estrogen Receptor alpha, Estrogen Receptor beta, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice

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Distribution and chemical composition of estrogen receptor β neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the female and male mouse hypothalamus

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