Brain Oxytocin Inhibits Basal and Stress‐Induced Activity of the Hypothalamo‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis in Male and Female Rats: Partial Action Within the Paraventricular Nucleus
Abstract
Oxytocin is a classic reproductive neuropeptide in the female mammal, but its functions in the brain of the male have been less well studied. As stress induces intracerebral oxytocin release independently of gender, we postulated that central oxytocin may play a role in the control of stress responses. In both male and virgin female rats, oxytocin receptor blockade in the brain by intracerebral infusion of a selective oxytocin antagonist (des Gly-NH2 d(CH2)5 [Tyr(Me)2, Thr4] OVT; 0.75 microgram/5 microliter increased the activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as indicated by a significantly enhanced basal and stress-induced (exposure to the elevated plus-maze, forced swimming) secretion of corticotropin (ACTH) and corticosterone into blood. The anxiety-related behaviour on the plus-maze was not altered by the antagonist in either males or females. Infusion of the oxytocin antagonist into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus by reversed microdialysis resulted in a significant increase in basal release of ACTH in both male and virgin female rats. These results demonstrate a novel, gender-independent physiological function of endogenous brain oxytocin in the regulation of neuroendocrine stress responses. Under basal conditions, the inhibition of the HPA axis occurs, at least in part, within the paraventricular nucleus.
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Suckling or nipple stimulation increases plasma oxytocin in rats and in full-term pregnant women.
“Likewise, others have found that suckling or nipple stimulation increases plasma oxytocin in rats (Neumann et al., 2000) as well as in full-term pregnant women (Christensson et al., 1989).”
From Endogenous peripheral oxytocin measures can give insight into the dynamics of social relationships: a review (2014) · cites this paper as Neumann et al., 2000
Oxytocin is able to acutely regulate stress responses but appears to also be involved in the development of long-term responsiveness to stress.
“So, not only is Oxt able to acutely regulate stress responses (81, 82) but appears to also be involved in the development of long-term responsiveness to stress.”
From Oxytocin during Development: Possible Organizational Effects on Behavior (2015) · cites this paper as [82]
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- Authors
- Neumann, Wigger, Torner, Holsboer, & Landgraf
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Neumann
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 235-243
- ISSN
- 0953-8194 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2826
- OpenAlex
- W1870629785
- Cited by
- 452
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 18.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, stress response, paraventricular nucleus, oxytocin receptor antagonist, ACTH secretion, corticosterone, sex differences, anxiety-like behavior, neuroendocrine regulation, male rats, female rats
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Glands, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Corticosterone, Female, Hypothalamus, Male, Ornipressin, Oxytocin, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Pituitary Gland, Stress, Physiological, Swimming, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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