Lignin for Nano‐ and Microscaled Carrier Systems: Applications, Trends, and Challenges

Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials

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Antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles

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Lignin Valorization: Improving Lignin Processing in the Biorefinery

Ragauskas, A. J., Beckham, G. T., Biddy, M. J., Chandra, R., Chen, F., Davis, M. F., Davison, B. H., Dixon, R. A., Gilna, P., Keller, M., et al. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1246843 · Cited by 4,125

Factors affecting the clearance and biodistribution of polymeric nanoparticles

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Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticles

Lewinski, N., Colvin, V., & Drezek, R. (2008) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.200700595 · Cited by 2,810

Lignin Biosynthesis and Structure

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Silver Colloid Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Antibacterial Activity

Panáček, A., Kvítek, L., Prucek, R., Kolář, M., Večeřová, R., Pizúrová, N., Sharma, V. K., Nevěčná, T., & Zbořil, R. (2006) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp063826h · Cited by 2,339

Chemical modification of lignins: Towards biobased polymers

Laurichesse, S., & Avérous, L. (2014) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.11.004 · Cited by 2,058

Carbon Dots for Optical Imaging in Vivo

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Enzyme immobilization: an overview on techniques and support materials

Datta, S., Christena, L. R., & Rajaram, Y. R. S. (2013) · 3 Biotech · doi:10.1007/s13205-012-0071-7 · Cited by 1,420

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Exhibit Strong Antimicrobial Activity

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Antibacterial Effects of Carbon Nanotubes: Size Does Matter!

Kang, S., Herzberg, M., Rodrigues, D. F., & Elimelech, M. (2008) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la800951v · Cited by 1,182

Toxicity of silver nanoparticles in zebrafish models

Asharani, P. V., Lian Wu, Y., Gong, Z., & Valiyaveettil, S. (2008) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/0957-4484/19/25/255102 · Cited by 1,062

Organic Nanoparticles in the Aqueous Phase—Theory, Experiment, and Use

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Antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles against Candida spp.

Panáček, A., Kolář, M., Večeřová, R., Prucek, R., Soukupová, J., Kryštof, V., Hamal, P., Zbořil, R., & Kvítek, L. (2009) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.07.065 · Cited by 964

Silver Nanoparticles as Potential Antiviral Agents

Galdiero, S., Falanga, A., Vitiello, M., Cantisani, M., Marra, V., & Galdiero, M. (2011) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules16108894 · Cited by 963

Properties and chemical modifications of lignin: Towards lignin-based nanomaterials for biomedical applications

Figueiredo, P., Lintinen, K., Hirvonen, J. T., Kostiainen, M. A., & Santos, H. A. (2018) · Progress in Materials Science · doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.12.001 · Cited by 956

Twenty-Eight-Day Oral Toxicity, Genotoxicity, and Gender-Related Tissue Distribution of Silver Nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Kim, Y. S., Kim, J. S., Cho, H. S., Rha, D. S., Kim, J. M., Park, J. D., Choi, B. S., Lim, R., Chang, H. K., Chung, Y. H., et al. (2008) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.1080/08958370701874663 · Cited by 878

In vitro toxicity of silica nanoparticles in human lung cancer cells

Lin, W., Huang, Y.-W., Zhou, X.-D., & Ma, Y. (2006) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.10.004 · Cited by 852

A Polyamidoamine Dendrimer-Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanosphere-Based Gene Transfection Reagent

Radu, D. R., Lai, C.-Y., Jeftinija, K., Rowe, E. W., Jeftinija, S., & Lin, V. S.-Y. (2004) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja046275m · Cited by 840

Permanent, non-leaching antibacterial surfaces. 2: How high density cationic surfaces kill bacterial cells

Murata, H., Koepsel, R. R., Matyjaszewski, K., & Russell, A. J. (2007) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.06.012 · Cited by 722

Medicinal applications of fullerenes.

Bakry, R. S., Vallant, R. M., Haq, M. N. U., Rainer, M., Szabo, Z., Huck, C. W., & Bonn, G. K. (2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 705

Organically Modified Silica Nanoparticles Co-encapsulating Photosensitizing Drug and Aggregation-Enhanced Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorescent Dye Aggregates for Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy

Kim, S., Ohulchanskyy, T. Y., Pudavar, H. E., Pandey, R. K., & Prasad, P. N. (2007) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja0680257 · Cited by 689

A simple process for lignin nanoparticle preparation

Lievonen, M., Valle-Delgado, J. J., Mattinen, M.-L., Hult, E.-L., Lintinen, K., Kostiainen, M. A., Paananen, A., Szilvay, G. R., Setälä, H., & Österberg, M. (2016) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c5gc01436k · Cited by 664

An environmentally benign antimicrobial nanoparticle based on a silver-infused lignin core

Richter, A. P., Brown, J. S., Bharti, B., Wang, A., Gangwal, S., Houck, K., Cohen Hubal, E. A., Paunov, V. N., Stoyanov, S. D., & Velev, O. D. (2015) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2015.141 · Cited by 604

Self-assembled hydrogels utilizing polymer–nanoparticle interactions

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On the structure of softwood kraft lignin

Crestini, C., Lange, H., Sette, M., & Argyropoulos, D. S. (2017) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c7gc01812f · Cited by 540

Cationic Antimicrobial Polymers and Their Assemblies

Carmona-Ribeiro, A., & De Melo Carrasco, L. (2013) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms14059906 · Cited by 532

Oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory responses induced by silica nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro

Park, E.-J., & Park, K. (2009) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.10.012 · Cited by 524

Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity in Skin in Vivo and Keratinocytes in Vitro

Samberg, M. E., Oldenburg, S. J., & Monteiro-Riviere, N. A. (2010) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0901398 · Cited by 511

Lignin: a nature-inspired sun blocker for broad-spectrum sunscreens

Qian, Y., Qiu, X., & Zhu, S. (2015) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c4gc01333f · Cited by 492

Stimuli responsive materials

Theato, P., Sumerlin, B. S., O'Reilly, R. K., & Epps, III (2013) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c3cs90057f · Cited by 487

Oxidative upgrade of lignin – Recent routes reviewed

Lange, H., Decina, S., & Crestini, C. (2013) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.03.002 · Cited by 473

Enzyme-responsive materials: a new class of smart biomaterials

Ulijn, R. V. (2006) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b601776m · Cited by 467

Cellulose-Lignin Biodegradable and Flexible UV Protection Film

Sadeghifar, H., Venditti, R., Jur, J., Gorga, R. E., & Pawlak, J. J. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02003 · Cited by 440

Anti-biofilm efficacy of nitric oxide-releasing silica nanoparticles

Hetrick, E. M., Shin, J. H., Paul, H. S., & Schoenfisch, M. H. (2009) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.01.052 · Cited by 406

In vitro evaluation of biodegradable lignin-based nanoparticles for drug delivery and enhanced antiproliferation effect in cancer cells

Figueiredo, P., Lintinen, K., Kiriazis, A., Hynninen, V., Liu, Z., Bauleth-Ramos, T., Rahikkala, A., Correia, A., Kohout, T., Sarmento, B., et al. (2017) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.12.034 · Cited by 398

Designer lignins: harnessing the plasticity of lignification

Mottiar, Y., Vanholme, R., Boerjan, W., Ralph, J., & Mansfield, S. D. (2016) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2015.10.009 · Cited by 394

The absorption, distribution, excretion and toxicity of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in mice following different exposure routes

Fu, C., Liu, T., Li, L., Liu, H., Chen, D., & Tang, F. (2013) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.12.043 · Cited by 390

Lignin Nanoparticle as a Novel Green Carrier for the Efficient Delivery of Resveratrol

Dai, L., Liu, R., Hu, L.-Q., Zou, Z.-F., & Si, C.-L. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01903 · Cited by 372

Valorization of Acid Isolated High Yield Lignin Nanoparticles as Innovative Antioxidant/Antimicrobial Organic Materials

Yang, W., Fortunati, E., Gao, D., Balestra, G. M., Giovanale, G., He, X., Torre, L., Kenny, J. M., & Puglia, D. (2018) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03782 · Cited by 368

Single and repeated dose toxicity of mesoporous hollow silica nanoparticles in intravenously exposed mice

Liu, T., Li, L., Teng, X., Huang, X., Liu, H., Chen, D., Ren, J., He, J., & Tang, F. (2011) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.10.035 · Cited by 357

Lignin valorization: lignin nanoparticles as high-value bio-additive for multifunctional nanocomposites

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Lignin: Genetic Engineering and Impact on Pulping

Baucher, M. (2003) · Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1080/10409230390242443 · Cited by 355

Chemical Modification, Properties, and Usage of Lignin

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Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of lignin from residue of corn stover to ethanol production

Dong, X., Dong, M., Lu, Y., Turley, A., Jin, T., & Wu, C. (2011) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.06.002 · Cited by 341

Strong, Ductile, and Waterproof Cellulose Nanofibril Composite Films with Colloidal Lignin Particles

Farooq, M., Zou, T., Riviere, G., Sipponen, M. H., & Österberg, M. (2019) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01364 · Cited by 337

Elucidation of Lignin Structure by Quantitative 2D NMR

Sette, M., Wechselberger, R., & Crestini, C. (2011) · Chemistry – A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.201003045 · Cited by 336

Milled Wood Lignin: A Linear Oligomer

Crestini, C., Melone, F., Sette, M., & Saladino, R. (2011) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm200948r · Cited by 335

Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Lignin Nanoparticles with Tunable Surface Properties

Richter, A. P., Bharti, B., Armstrong, H. B., Brown, J. S., Plemmons, D., Paunov, V. N., Stoyanov, S. D., & Velev, O. D. (2016) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01088 · Cited by 319

Fabrication of uniform lignin colloidal spheres for developing natural broad-spectrum sunscreens with high sun protection factor

Qian, Y., Zhong, X., Li, Y., & Qiu, X. (2017) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.03.001 · Cited by 291

Distinct Cytotoxic Mechanisms of Pristine versus Hydroxylated Fullerene

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Softwood kraft lignin: Raw material for the future

Gellerstedt, G. (2015) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.040 · Cited by 287

Bacterial cell association and antimicrobial activity of a C60 water suspension

Lyon, D. Y., Fortner, J. D., Sayes, C. M., Colvin, V. L., & Hughes, J. B. (2005) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1897/04-649r.1 · Cited by 275

Ultrasound Driven Assembly of Lignin into Microcapsules for Storage and Delivery of Hydrophobic Molecules

Tortora, M., Cavalieri, F., Mosesso, P., Ciaffardini, F., Melone, F., & Crestini, C. (2014) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm500015j · Cited by 274

Dose-dependent in-vivo toxicity assessment of silver nanoparticle in Wistar rats

Tiwari, D. K., Jin, T., & Behari, J. (2011) · Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods · doi:10.3109/15376516.2010.529184 · Cited by 272

From lignin association to nano-/micro-particle preparation: extracting higher value of lignin

Zhao, W., Simmons, B., Singh, S., Ragauskas, A., & Cheng, G. (2016) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c6gc01813k · Cited by 272

Mesoporous Silica Particles Induce Size Dependent Effects on Human Dendritic Cells

Vallhov, H., Gabrielsson, S., Strømme, M., Scheynius, A., & Garcia-Bennett, A. E. (2007) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl0714785 · Cited by 270

Biodistribution of Pristine Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes In Vivo

Yang, S.-T., Guo, W., Lin, Y., Deng, X.-Y., Wang, H.-F., Sun, H.-F., Liu, Y.-F., Wang, X., Wang, W., Chen, M., et al. (2007) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp070712c · Cited by 259

Preparation and formation mechanism of size-controlled lignin nanospheres by self-assembly

Xiong, F., Han, Y., Wang, S., Li, G., Qin, T., Chen, Y., & Chu, F. (2017) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.02.025 · Cited by 259

Synthesis and Characterization of Lignin Hydrogels for Potential Applications as Drug Eluting Antimicrobial Coatings for Medical Materials

Larrañeta, E., Imízcoz, M., Toh, J. X., Irwin, N. J., Ripolin, A., Perminova, A., Domínguez-Robles, J., Rodríguez, A., & Donnelly, R. F. (2018) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b01371 · Cited by 247

History of Avermectin and Ivermectin, with Notes on the History of Other Macrocyclic Lactone Antiparasitic Agents

C. Campbell, W. (2012) · Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology · doi:10.2174/138920112800399095 · Cited by 245

Identification and Avoidance of Potential Artifacts and Misinterpretations in Nanomaterial Ecotoxicity Measurements

Petersen, E. J., Henry, T. B., Zhao, J., MacCuspie, R. I., Kirschling, T. L., Dobrovolskaia, M. A., Hackley, V., Xing, B., & White, J. C. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es4052999 · Cited by 244

Green and Facile Preparation of Regular Lignin Nanoparticles with High Yield and Their Natural Broad-Spectrum Sunscreens

Wang, B., Sun, D., Wang, H.-M., Yuan, T.-Q., & Sun, R.-C. (2019) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b05735 · Cited by 244

Lignin from Micro- to Nanosize: Production Methods

Beisl, S., Miltner, A., & Friedl, A. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18061244 · Cited by 238

Factors Relating to the Biodistribution & Clearance of Nanoparticles & Their Effects on In Vivo Application

Wei, Y., Quan, L., Zhou, C., & Zhan, Q. (2018) · Nanomedicine · doi:10.2217/nnm-2018-0040 · Cited by 234

Sunscreen Performance of Lignin from Different Technical Resources and Their General Synergistic Effect with Synthetic Sunscreens

Qian, Y., Qiu, X., & Zhu, S. (2016) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00934 · Cited by 228

Lignin-based polymers and nanomaterials

Grossman, A., & Vermerris, W. (2019) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2018.10.009 · Cited by 228

Oxidative strategies in lignin chemistry: A new environmental friendly approach for the functionalisation of lignin and lignocellulosic fibers

Crestini, C., Crucianelli, M., Orlandi, M., & Saladino, R. (2010) · Catalysis Today · doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2010.03.057 · Cited by 226

High-Throughput Synthesis of Lignin Particles (∼30 nm to ∼2 μm) via Aerosol Flow Reactor: Size Fractionation and Utilization in Pickering Emulsions

Ago, M., Huan, S., Borghei, M., Raula, J., Kauppinen, E. I., & Rojas, O. J. (2016) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.6b07900 · Cited by 224

Identification of a diagnostic structural motif reveals a new reaction intermediate and condensation pathway in kraft lignin formation

Lancefield, C. S., Wienk, H. L. J., Boelens, R., Weckhuysen, B. M., & Bruijnincx, P. C. A. (2018) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/c8sc02000k · Cited by 210

Lignin from Micro- to Nanosize: Applications

Beisl, S., Friedl, A., & Miltner, A. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18112367 · Cited by 207

Testing Strategies to Establish the Safety of Nanomaterials: Conclusions of an ECETOC Workshop

Warheit, D. B., Borm, P. J. A., Hennes, C., & Lademann, J. (2007) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.1080/08958370701353080 · Cited by 206

Potential applications of antioxidant lignins from different sources

Vinardell, M. P., Ugartondo, V., & Mitjans, M. (2008) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.07.011 · Cited by 201

Regulatory Aspects of Nanomaterials in the EU

Rauscher, H., Rasmussen, K., & Sokull‐Klüttgen, B. (2017) · Chemie Ingenieur Technik · doi:10.1002/cite.201600076 · Cited by 200

Synthesis of pH-Responsive Lignin-Based Nanocapsules for Controlled Release of Hydrophobic Molecules

Chen, N., Dempere, L. A., & Tong, Z. (2016) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01209 · Cited by 198

Green synthesis of lignin nanoparticle in aqueous hydrotropic solution toward broadening the window for its processing and application

Chen, L., Zhou, X., Shi, Y., Gao, B., Wu, J., Kirk, T. B., Xu, J., & Xue, W. (2018) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2018.04.020 · Cited by 196

pH-responsive lignin-based complex micelles: Preparation, characterization and application in oral drug delivery

Li, Y., Qiu, X., Qian, Y., Xiong, W., & Yang, D. (2017) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.022 · Cited by 190

All-lignin approach to prepare cationic colloidal lignin particles: stabilization of durable Pickering emulsions

Sipponen, M. H., Smyth, M., Leskinen, T., Johansson, L.-S., & Österberg, M. (2017) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c7gc02900d · Cited by 187

Autophagy-mediated chemosensitization in cancer cells by fullerene C60 nanocrystal

Zhang, Q., Yang, W., Man, N., Zheng, F., Shen, Y., Sun, K., Li, Y., & Wen, L.-P. (2009) · Autophagy · doi:10.4161/auto.5.8.9842 · Cited by 185

Effects of serum proteins on intracellular uptake and cytotoxicity of carbon nanoparticles

Zhu, Y., Li, W., Li, Q., Li, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, X., & Huang, Q. (2009) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2009.01.026 · Cited by 182

Lignin-Based Microsphere: Preparation and Performance on Encapsulating the Pesticide Avermectin

Li, Y., Zhou, M., Pang, Y., & Qiu, X. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b03180 · Cited by 182

Tween-80 is effective for enhancing steam-exploded biomass enzymatic saccharification and ethanol production by specifically lessening cellulase absorption with lignin in common reed

Jin, W., Chen, L., Hu, M., Sun, D., Li, A., Li, Y., Hu, Z., Zhou, S., Tu, Y., Xia, T., et al. (2016) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.104 · Cited by 172

Valorizing Recalcitrant Cellulolytic Enzyme Lignin via Lignin Nanoparticles Fabrication in an Integrated Biorefinery

Tian, D., Hu, J., Chandra, R. P., Saddler, J. N., & Lu, C. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b03043 · Cited by 170

Risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials: a review of available data and approaches from a regulatory perspective

Hristozov, D. R., Gottardo, S., Critto, A., & Marcomini, A. (2012) · Nanotoxicology · doi:10.3109/17435390.2011.626534 · Cited by 167

Preparation of Nanocapsules via the Self-Assembly of Kraft Lignin: A Totally Green Process with Renewable Resources

Li, H., Deng, Y., Liu, B., Ren, Y., Liang, J., Qian, Y., Qiu, X., Li, C., & Zheng, D. (2016) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b01066 · Cited by 164

Potential use of kraft and organosolv lignins as a natural additive for healthcare products

Gordobil, O., Herrera, R., Yahyaoui, M., İlk, S., Kaya, M., & Labidi, J. (2018) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c8ra02255k · Cited by 162

Lignin derived reduced fluorescence carbon dots with theranostic approaches: Nano-drug-carrier and bioimaging

Rai, S., Singh, B. K., Bhartiya, P., Singh, A. T., Kumar, H., Dutta, P. K., & Mehrotra, G. K. (2017) · Journal of Luminescence · doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.06.008 · Cited by 151

Evolution of Ecotoxicity upon Fenton's Oxidation of Phenol in Water

Zazo, J. A., Casas, J. A., Molina, C. B., et al. (2007) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es071063l · Cited by 137

Life cycle assessment at nanoscale: review and recommendations

Gavankar, S., Suh, S., & Keller, A. A. (2012) · The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment · doi:10.1007/s11367-011-0368-5 · Cited by 131

Functionalization of Carboxylated Lignin Nanoparticles for Targeted and pH-responsive Delivery of Anticancer Drugs

Figueiredo, P., Ferro, C., Kemell, M., Liu, Z., Kiriazis, A., Lintinen, K., Florindo, H. F., Yli‐Kauhaluoma, J. T., Hirvonen, J. J., Kostiainen, M. A., et al. (2017) · Nanomedicine · doi:10.2217/nnm-2017-0219 · Cited by 128

Lignin Nanotubes As Vehicles for Gene Delivery into Human Cells

Ten, E., Ling, C., Wang, Y., Srivastava, A., Dempere, L. A., & Vermerris, W. (2013) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm401555p · Cited by 124

Acute and Subacute Pulmonary Toxicity of Low Dose of Ultrafine Colloidal Silica Particles in Mice after Intratracheal Instillation

Kaewamatawong, T., Shimada, A., Okajima, M., Inoue, H., MORITA, T., Inoue, K., & Takano, H. (2006) · Toxicologic Pathology · doi:10.1080/01926230601094552 · Cited by 118

Closed cycle production of concentrated and dry redispersible colloidal lignin particles with a three solvent polarity exchange method

Lintinen, K., Xiao, Y., Ashok, R. P. B., Leskinen, T., Sakarinen, E., Sipponen, M. H., Farooq, M., Oinas, P., Österberg, M., & Kostiainen, M. A. (2018) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c7gc03465b · Cited by 109

Kraft lignin/silica–AgNPs as a functional material with antibacterial activity

Kłapiszewski, Ł., Rzemieniecki, T., Krawczyk, M., Malina, D. K., Norman, M., Zdarta, J., Klapiszewska, I., Dobrowolska, A., Czaczyk, K., & Jesionowski, T. (2015) · Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces · doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.06.056 · Cited by 104

Scaling Up Production of Colloidal Lignin Particles

Leskinen, T., Smyth, M., Xiao, Y., Lintinen, K., Mattinen, M., Kostiainen, M. A., Oinas, P., & Österberg, M. (2017) · Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal · doi:10.3183/npprj-2017-32-04_p586-596_leskinen · Cited by 101

Organische Nanopartikel in wässriger Phase - Theorie, Experiment und Anwendung

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Chitin-Lignin Material as a Novel Matrix for Enzyme Immobilization

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Adsorption of Proteins on Colloidal Lignin Particles for Advanced Biomaterials

Leskinen, T., Witos, J., Valle‐Delgado, J. J., Lintinen, K., Kostiainen, M. A., Wiedmer, S. Κ., Österberg, M., & Mattinen, M. (2017) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00676 · Cited by 95

Supramolecular assemblies of lignin into nano- and microparticles

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Strong and biocompatible lignin /poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) composite nanofibers

Kai, D., Chong, H. M., Chow, L. P., Lu, J., Lin, Q., Zhang, K., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z., & Loh, X. J. (2018) · Composites Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.01.046 · Cited by 88

Application of cellulose/lignin hydrogel beads as novel supports for immobilizing lipase

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Antifungal Nanoparticles and Surfaces

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Lignin nano- and microparticles as template for nanostructured materials: formation of hollow metal-phenolic capsules

Tardy, B. L., Richardson, J. J., Guo, J., Lehtonen, J., Ago, M., & Rojas, O. J. (2018) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c8gc00064f · Cited by 85

Infrared and antimicrobial studies on different lignins

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Linkage Abundance and Molecular Weight Characteristics of Technical Lignins by Attenuated Total Reflection‐FTIR Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Analysis

Lancefield, C. S., Constant, S., de Peinder, P., & Bruijnincx, P. C. A. (2019) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.201802809 · Cited by 82

Biocompatibility and photo-induced antibacterial activity of lignin-stabilized noble metal nanoparticles

Rocca, D. M., Vanegas, J. P., Fournier, K., Becerra, M. C., Scaiano, J. C., & Lanterna, A. E. (2018) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c8ra08169g · Cited by 80

Micromorphology Influence on the Color Performance of Lignin and Its Application in Guiding the Preparation of Light-colored Lignin Sunscreen

Zhang, H., Chen, F., Liu, X., & Fu, S. (2018) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b03464 · Cited by 78

Self-assembly of kraft lignin into nanospheres in dioxane-water mixtures

Li, H., Deng, Y., Wu, H., Ren, Y., Qiu, X., Zheng, D., & Li, C. (2016) · Holzforschung · doi:10.1515/hf-2015-0238 · Cited by 75

Implementation of alternative test strategies for the safety assessment of engineered nanomaterials

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The Low-Cost Compound Lignosulfonic Acid (LA) Exhibits Broad-Spectrum Anti-HIV and Anti-HSV Activity and Has Potential for Microbicidal Applications

Gordts, S. C., Férir, G., D’huys, T., Petrova, M., Lebeer, S., Snoeck, R., Andreï, G., & Schols, D. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131219 · Cited by 71

Long-Acting and Safe Sunscreens with Ultrahigh Sun Protection Factor via Natural Lignin Encapsulation and Synergy

Qiu, X., Li, Y., Qian, Y. J., Wang, J., & Zhu, S. (2018) · ACS Applied Bio Materials · doi:10.1021/acsabm.8b00138 · Cited by 69

Successive ethanol–water fractionation of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin to concentrate its antimicrobial activity

Wang, G., Xia, Y., Liang, B., Sui, W., & Si, C. (2018) · Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology · doi:10.1002/jctb.5656 · Cited by 68

Fractional Precipitation of Wheat Straw Organosolv Lignin: Macroscopic Properties and Structural Insights

Lange, H., Schiffels, P., Sette, M., Sevastyanova, O., & Crestini, C. (2016) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01475 · Cited by 64

Fabrication and evaluation of molecularly imprinted multi-hollow microspheres adsorbents with tunable inner pore structures derived from templating Pickering double emulsions

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Lignin from bamboo shoot shells as an activator and novel immobilizing support for α-amylase

Gong, W., Zhanxiang, R., Ye, F., & Zhao, G. (2017) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.017 · Cited by 61

Cytocompatible cellulose hydrogels containing trace lignin

Nakasone, K., & Kobayashi, T. (2016) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.108 · Cited by 60

Antioxidant Properties of Lignin

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Opposite effects of nanocrystalline fullerene (C60) on tumour cell growth in vitro and in vivo and a possible role of immunosupression in the cancer-promoting activity of C60

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Detrimental impact of silica nanoparticles on the nanomechanical properties of Escherichia coli, studied by AFM

Mathelié‐Guinlet, M., Heywang, C., Martin, A., Février, H., Moroté, F., Vilquin, A., Béven, L., Delville, M., & Cohen-Bouhacina, T. (2018) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.098 · Cited by 53

Pesticide Sorption and Desorption by Lignin Described by an Intraparticle Diffusion Model

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Lignosulfonate, a water-solubilized lignin from the waste liquor of the pulping process, inhibits the infectivity and cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.

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Sugarcane bagasse lignin, and silica gel and magneto-silica as drug vehicles for development of innocuous methotrexate drug against rheumatoid arthritis disease in albino rats

Wahba, S. M. R., Darwish, A. S., Shehata, I. H., et al. (2014) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.054 · Cited by 32

Nano rules fall foul of data gap

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pH-Responsive Lignin-Based Nanomicelles for Oral Drug Delivery

Cheng, L., Deng, B., Luo, W., Nie, S., Liu, X., Yin, Y., Liu, S., Wu, Z., Zhan, P., Zhang, L., et al. (2020) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08171 · Cited by 77