Cited by 7Neuroendocrine regulation and behaviorHuman-Animal Interaction StudiesStress Responses and Cortisol

Neuroendocrine mechanisms of social bonds and separation stress in rodents, dogs, and other species

Nagasawa, Miho, Kikusui, Takefumi·2021·Current topics in behavioral neurosciences

Abstract

Mammalian species form unique bonds between mothers and infants. Maternal care, including suckling, is necessary for infant survival, and the mother and, sometimes, the father require a lot of effort in nurturing infants. An infant's probability of survival depends on the extent of the investment of care by the mother. In parallel, mothers must identify their offspring and invest only in those who possess their genes to achieve evolutionary benefits. Therefore, they need to recognize their offspring and show a strong preference for them. For this reason, bond formation between mothers and infants is important. The mother monitors her offspring's physical condition and stays close to them. The offspring also form strong bonds with their mothers. Therefore, a separation between the mother and infant causes severe stress for both parties. Although it was initially thought that such bonds between mother and infant are limited to the same species, we have also observed a similar phenomenon in the human-dog relationship. In this article, we discuss the neuroendocrine mechanisms that underlie bond formation and separation based on findings of neurobiological research in mice and the relationship between humans and dogs.

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Crossref · 10.1007/7854_2021_257

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  • Oxytocin and reward systems are involved in various types of social relationships and social-decision making in a large range of species, suggesting that the findings of this paper may not be limited to pair bonding.

    “Importantly, oxytocin and the reward systems are involved in various types of social relationships and social-decision making in a large range of species 69,70, suggesting that the findings of this paper may not be limited to pair bonding.”

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Authors
Nagasawa, M., & Kikusui, T.
Affiliations
Azabu University (JP)
Corresponding author
Kikusui, Takefumi
Venue
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences
Published
2021
Volume
54
Pages
3-22
ISSN
  • 1866-3370 (ISSN-L)
  • 1866-3389
OpenAlex
W3201059470
Cited by
7
References
113
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3
FWCI
8.82
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Current topics in behavioral neurosciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (19H00972)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
maternal-infant bonding, separation stress, neuroendocrine mechanisms, maternal care, offspring recognition, human-dog relationship, stress hormones
MeSH terms
Animals, Dogs, Female, Humans, Infant, Mammals, Maternal Behavior, Mother-Child Relations, Rodentia, Mice

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