Neuroendocrine mechanisms of social bonds and separation stress in rodents, dogs, and other species
Abstract
Mammalian species form unique bonds between mothers and infants. Maternal care, including suckling, is necessary for infant survival, and the mother and, sometimes, the father require a lot of effort in nurturing infants. An infant's probability of survival depends on the extent of the investment of care by the mother. In parallel, mothers must identify their offspring and invest only in those who possess their genes to achieve evolutionary benefits. Therefore, they need to recognize their offspring and show a strong preference for them. For this reason, bond formation between mothers and infants is important. The mother monitors her offspring's physical condition and stays close to them. The offspring also form strong bonds with their mothers. Therefore, a separation between the mother and infant causes severe stress for both parties. Although it was initially thought that such bonds between mother and infant are limited to the same species, we have also observed a similar phenomenon in the human-dog relationship. In this article, we discuss the neuroendocrine mechanisms that underlie bond formation and separation based on findings of neurobiological research in mice and the relationship between humans and dogs.
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Oxytocin and reward systems are involved in various types of social relationships and social-decision making in a large range of species, suggesting that the findings of this paper may not be limited to pair bonding.
“Importantly, oxytocin and the reward systems are involved in various types of social relationships and social-decision making in a large range of species 69,70, suggesting that the findings of this paper may not be limited to pair bonding.”
From Social experience alters oxytocinergic modulation in the nucleus accumbens of female prairie voles (2022) · cites this paper as [70]
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Self-citationContinued Distress among Abandoned Dogs in Fukushima
Nagasawa, M., Mogi, K., & Kikusui, T. (2012) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep00724 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationPosttraumatic Growth Following the Loss of a Pet
Packman, W. L., Bussolari, C. J., Katz, R. C., Carmack, B. J., & Field, N. P. (2016) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.1177/0030222816663411 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The behavioral and endocrinological development of stress response in dogs
Nagasawa, M., Shibata, Y., Yonezawa, A., Morita, T., Kanai, M., Mogi, K., & Kikusui, T. (2013) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.21141 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationMaternal Deprivation and the Response to Ehrlich Carcinoma in BALB/c Mice
LaBarba, R. C., & White, J. L. (1971) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-197109000-00007 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hennessy, M. B., Miller, E. E., & Shair, H. N. (2006) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.20180 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Muller, J. M., Moore, H. M., Myers, M. M., & Shair, H. N. (2008) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.122.1.119 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Oxytocin‐Induced Paw Sucking in Infant Rats
Nelson, E. E., & Alberts, J. R. (1997) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51963.x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
A review of the behavioral and neurochemical consequences of early weaning in rodents
Kikusui, T., Nakamura, K., & Mori, Y. (2007) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2007.03.019 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationDevelopmental kinesics: How children acquire communicative and non-communicative nonverbal behavior
von Raffler-Engel, W. (1981) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/1097-0355(198122)2:2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Social experience alters oxytocinergic modulation in the nucleus accumbens of female prairie voles
Borie, A. M., Agezo, S., Lunsford, P., Boender, A. J., Guo, J.-D., Zhu, H., Berman, G. J., Young, L. J., & Liu, R. C. (2022) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.01.014 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nagasawa, M., & Kikusui, T.
- Affiliations
- Azabu University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kikusui, Takefumi
- Venue
- Current topics in behavioral neurosciences
- Publisher
- Springer International Publishing
- Published
- 2021
- Volume
- 54
- Pages
- 3-22
- ISSN
- 1866-3370 (ISSN-L)
- 1866-3389
- OpenAlex
- W3201059470
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 113
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 8.82
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current topics in behavioral neurosciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (19H00972)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- maternal-infant bonding, separation stress, neuroendocrine mechanisms, maternal care, offspring recognition, human-dog relationship, stress hormones
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Dogs, Female, Humans, Infant, Mammals, Maternal Behavior, Mother-Child Relations, Rodentia, Mice
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