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Beyond Sexual Orientation: Integrating Gender/Sex and Diverse Sexualities via Sexual Configurations Theory
Abstract
Sexual orientation typically describes people's sexual attractions or desires based on their sex relative to that of a target. Despite its utility, it has been critiqued in part because it fails to account for non-biological gender-related factors, partnered sexualities unrelated to gender or sex, or potential divergences between love and lust. In this article, I propose Sexual Configurations Theory (SCT) as a testable, empirically grounded framework for understanding diverse partnered sexualities, separate from solitary sexualities. I focus on and provide models of two parameters of partnered sexuality--gender/sex and partner number. SCT also delineates individual gender/sex. I discuss a sexual diversity lens as a way to study the particularities and generalities of diverse sexualities without privileging either. I also discuss how sexual identities, orientations, and statuses that are typically seen as misaligned or aligned are more meaningfully conceptualized as branched or co-incident. I map out some existing identities using SCT and detail its applied implications for health and counseling work. I highlight its importance for sexuality in terms of measurement and social neuroendocrinology, and the ways it may be useful for self-knowledge and feminist and queer empowerment and alliance building. I also make a case that SCT changes existing understandings and conceptualizations of sexuality in constructive and generative ways informed by both biology and culture, and that it is a potential starting point for sexual diversity studies and research.
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“To do this well will require careful attention, as adolescents are less likely than adults to conform to firm categories of sexual orientation or gender identity (Savin-Williams et al., 2012, van Anders, 2015).”
From Becoming a sexual being: The “elephant in the room” of adolescent brain development (2017) · cites this paper as van Anders, 2015
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Metadata
- Authors
- van Anders, S. M.
- Venue
- Archives of Sexual Behavior
- Published
- 2015-03-14
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1177-1213
- ISSN
- 0004-0002 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2800
- OpenAlex
- W2032467534
- Semantic Scholar
- 9a64c90dad14f8b15f8b941a8f5e5e06529aeb4e
- Cited by
- 651
- References
- 229
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 83 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 17
- FWCI
- 60.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Archives of Sexual Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Sexuality, and Education
- Keywords
- sexual orientation, sexual diversity, sex and gender, sexual identity, sexual status, love and lust, feminist empowerment, alliance building
- MeSH terms
- Female, Gender Identity, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Love, Personality, Power, Psychological, Sexual Behavior, Social Perception, Sexuality, Social Theory
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