The embryonic cell lineage of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Sulston, J.E.; Schierenberg, E.; White, J.G.; Thomson, J.N.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(83)90201-4

Cited by 4,199Developmental Biology and Gene RegulationPlanarian Biology and ElectrostimulationGenetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms

The embryonic cell lineage of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Sulston, J.E., Schierenberg, E., White, J.G., Thomson, J.N.·1983·Developmental Biology

DOI 10.1016/0012-1606(83)90201-4

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Abstract

The embryonic cell lineage of Caenorhabditis elegans has been traced from zygote to newly hatched larva, with the result that the entire cell lineage of this organism is now known. During embryogenesis 671 cells are generated; in the hermaphrodite 113 of these (in the male 111) undergo programmed death and the remainder either differentiate terminally or become postembryonic blast cells. The embryonic lineage is highly invariant, as are the fates of the cells to which it gives rise. In spite of the fixed relationship between cell ancestry and cell fate, the correlation between them lacks much obvious pattern. Thus, although most neurons arise from the embryonic ectoderm, some are produced by the mesoderm and a few are sisters to muscles; again, lineal boundaries do not necessarily coincide with functional boundaries. Nevertheless, cell ablation experiments (as well as previous cell isolation experiments) demonstrate substantial cell autonomy in at least some sections of embryogenesis. We conclude that the cell lineage itself, complex as it is, plays an important role in determining cell fate. We discuss the origin of the repeat units (partial segments) in the body wall, the generation of the various orders of symmetry, the analysis of the lineage in terms of sublineages, and evolutionary implications.

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Developmental trajectory is not the same as developmental lineage; a progenitor can produce cells belonging to several neuronal and non-neuronal types, ordered by developmental timing.
“Developmental trajectory also is not the same as developmental lineage, as a lineage is defined as all the cells descended from a single precursor/progenitor and it has been shown in multiple systems that a progenitor can produce cells belonging to several neuronal and non-neuronal types, ordered by developmental timing (Agathocleous and Harris, 2009; Sagner and Briscoe, 2019; Sulston et al., 1983”
From What is a cell type and how to define it? (2022) · cites this paper as Sulston et al., 1983

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Authors: Sulston, J. E., Schierenberg, E., White, J. G., & Thomson, J. N.
Affiliations: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (GB)
Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine (DE)
Corresponding author: Sulston, J.E.
ORCID: Schierenberg, E.
White, J.G.
Venue: Developmental Biology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1983-11
Volume: 100
Issue: 1
Pages: 64-119
ISSN: 0012-1606 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(83)90201-4
OpenAlex: W1989952069
Cited by: 4,199
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 112 · 2025: 143 · 2024: 163 · 2023: 138 · 2022: 116 · 2021: 163 · 2020: 161 · 2019: 128 · 2018: 125 · 2017: 113 · 2016: 128 · 2015: 122 · 2014: 116 · 2013: 111 · 2012: 129
FWCI: 19.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans, embryonic cell lineage, cell fate determination, programmed cell death, blast cells, cell ablation, cell autonomy, neuronal origin, mesoderm, embryonic ectoderm, body symmetry, sublineages
MeSH terms: Animals, Caenorhabditis, Cell Communication, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division, Cell Movement, Cell Survival, Digestive System, Female, Gastrula, Gonads, Larva, Male, Mesoderm, Microscopy, Electron, Muscles, Neurons, Zygote

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The embryonic cell lineage of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

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