Cited by 186Nutrition and Health in AgingPhysical Activity and HealthFrailty in Older Adults

The aging musculoskeletal system and obesity-related considerations with exercise

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Vincent, Heather K., Raiser, Sara N., Vincent, Kevin R.·2012·Ageing Research Reviews

Abstract

Advancing age and adiposity contribute to musculoskeletal degenerative diseases and the development of sarcopenic obesity. The etiology of muscle loss is multifactorial, and includes inflammation, oxidative stress and hormonal changes, and is worsened by activity avoidance due to fear of pain. The risk for mobility disability and functional impairment rises with severity of obesity in the older adult. Performance measures of walking distance, walking speed, chair rise, stair climb, body transfers and ability to navigate obstacles on a course are adversely affected in this population, and this reflects decline in daily physical functioning. Exercise training is an ideal intervention to counteract the effects of aging and obesity. The 18 randomized controlled trials of exercise studies with or without diet components reviewed here indicate that 3-18 month programs that included aerobic and strengthening exercise (2-3 days per week) with caloric restriction (typically 750 kcal deficit/day), induced the greatest change in functional performance measures compared with exercise or diet alone. Importantly, resistance exercise attenuates muscle mass loss with the interventions. These interventions can also combat factors that invoke sarcopenia, including inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Therefore, regular multimodal exercise coupled with diet appears to be very effective for counteracting sarocpenic obesity and improving mobility and function in the older, obese adult.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.arr.2012.03.002

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  • These guidelines do not differ for the more than one-third of older adults with obesity whose muscle function is compromised nor do they include a recommendation to reduce body weight and fat to enhance physical function or mobility in these patients.

    “These guidelines do not differ for the more than one-third of older adults with obesity whose muscle function is compromised (8) nor do they include a recommendation to reduce body weight and fat to enhance physical function or mobility in these patients.”

    From Effects of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on physical function and mobility in overweight and obese older adults: a randomized controlled trial (2015) · cites this paper as [8]

    Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 1 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

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  • The majority of published RT studies in older adults (≥65 y of age) have been conducted in normal-weight or nonobese individuals.

    “The majority of published RT studies in older adults ($65 y of age) have been conducted in normal-weight or nonobese individuals (8,24).”

    From Effects of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on physical function and mobility in overweight and obese older adults: a randomized controlled trial (2015) · cites this paper as [8]

    Section 9 says the review focuses on exercise trials involving obese older adults, and §9.1 describes several resistance-exercise trials in that population. Neither passage compares those trials with the full body of published RT studies in adults aged 65 or older. Searches for normal-weight or nonobese participants and for a majority of RT studies did not establish the claimed distribution. (LLM, conf=0.72)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Exercise interventions such as RET or MET have been used as an effective method for improving muscle function and increasing muscle mass by stimulating muscle protein synthesis in older adults.

    “Exercise interventions, such as resistance exercise training (RET) that is employed alone or comprises multicomponent exercise training (MET)—including aerobics, balance, and function tasks—have been used as an effective method for improving muscle function and increasing muscle mass by stimulating muscle protein synthesis in older adults [10,11,12,13,14].”

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Authors
Vincent, H. K., Raiser, S. N., & Vincent, K. R.
Affiliations
University of Florida Health (US)
Corresponding author
Vincent, Heather K.
Venue
Ageing Research Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-07
Volume
11
Issue
3
Pages
361-373
ISSN
1568-1637 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2135470739
Cited by
186
References
115
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 3
FWCI
1.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Ageing Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000064)
  • National Institute on Aging (P30AG028740)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (#AR057552-01A1, R03AR057552)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
Keywords
sarcopenic obesity, aging, obesity, exercise training, resistance training, caloric restriction, muscle mass loss, functional performance, mobility impairment, multimodal training, inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, older adults, aerobic exercise
MeSH terms
Aging, Animals, Humans, Motor Activity, Musculoskeletal System, Obesity, Osteoporosis, Weight Loss, Exercise, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Muscle Strength, Sarcopenia

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