The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC): An analysis of methodological and conceptual challenges

Lilienfeld, Scott O.

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.07.019

Cited by 248Mental Health and PsychiatryMental Health Research TopicsPsychology and Mental Health

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC): An analysis of methodological and conceptual challenges

Lilienfeld, Scott O.·2014·Behaviour Research and Therapy

DOI 10.1016/j.brat.2014.07.019

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Abstract

In a bold effort to address the longstanding shortcomings of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) framework for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology, the National Institute of Mental Health recently launched a research program - the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) - in the hopes of developing an alternative taxonomic system rooted in dysfunctional brain circuitry. Although the RDoC endeavor has considerable promise, it faces several methodological and conceptual challenges, four of which I address here: (a) an overemphasis on biological units and measures, (b) neglect of measurement error, (c) biological and psychometric limitations of endophenotypes, and (d) the distinction between biological predispositions and their behavioral manifestations. Because none of these challenges is in principle insurmountable, I encourage investigators to consider potential remedies for them. RDoC is a calculated gamble that appears to be worth the risk, but its chances of success will be maximized by a thoughtful consideration of hard-won lessons learned--but frequently forgotten--over the past several decades of psychological and psychiatric research.

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RDoC has drawn criticism for several reasons: a weak conceptual framework, too much focus on biological units, insufficient attention to psychometric limitations and measurement error, poor integration of developmental and socio-cultural contexts, and a gap between research and clinical practice.
“the RDoC initiative has been met with its own set of critiques, including an underdeveloped conceptual framework, an overemphasis on biological units, neglect of the psychometric weaknesses and measurement error of some methods, inadequate consideration of developmental factors and socio-cultural contexts, and a disconnect between research and clinical practice [109-114]”
From Advancing the study of sluggish cognitive tempo via DSM, RDoC, and hierarchical models of psychopathology (2019) · cites this paper as [114]

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Three Approaches to Understanding and Classifying Mental Disorder: <i>ICD-11, DSM-5</i> , and the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)
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RDoC and Psychopathology among Youth: Misplaced Assumptions and an Agenda for Future Research
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Epistemological Pluralism and Scientific Development: An Argument Against Authoritative Nosologies
Markon, K. E. (2013) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2013.27.5.554 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
From Engrams to Pathologies of the Brain
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From Affective Science to Psychiatric Disorder: Ontology as a Semantic Bridge
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Maternal Thyroid Function During Pregnancy or Neonatal Thyroid Function and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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Hearing Voices and Other Matters of the Mind
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Understanding the role of psychopathology in bariatric surgery outcomes
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Anxiety Sensitivity and Intolerance of Uncertainty: Transdiagnostic Risk Factors for Anxiety as Targets to Reduce Risk of Suicide
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Introducing a depression-like syndrome for translational neuropsychiatry: a plea for taxonomical validity and improved comparability between humans and mice
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Face Perception in Social Anxiety: Visuocortical Dynamics Reveal Propensities for Hypervigilance or Avoidance
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The Synaptic and Circuit Functions of Vitamin D in Neurodevelopment Disorders
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Clinical Psychological Science
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Authors: Lilienfeld, S. O.
Affiliations: Emory University (US)
Corresponding author: Lilienfeld, Scott O.
ORCID: Lilienfeld, Scott O.
Venue: Behaviour Research and Therapy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-11
Volume: 62
Pages: 129-139
ISSN: 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2014.07.019
OpenAlex: W2080055550
Cited by: 248
References: 150
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 154.12
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
Keywords: Research Domain Criteria, psychopathology classification, DSM, endophenotypes, measurement error, biological predispositions, behavioral manifestations, psychiatric diagnosis
MeSH terms: Mental Disorders, Humans, National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.), Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Research, United States

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The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC): An analysis of methodological and conceptual challenges

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