Low-Abundance Biofilm Species Orchestrates Inflammatory Periodontal Disease through the Commensal Microbiota and Complement
Open accessAbstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a low-abundance oral anaerobic bacterium implicated in periodontitis, a polymicrobial inflammatory disease, and the associated systemic conditions. However, the mechanism by which P. gingivalis contributes to inflammation and disease has remained elusive. Here we show that P. gingivalis, at very low colonization levels, triggers changes to the amount and composition of the oral commensal microbiota leading to inflammatory periodontal bone loss. The commensal microbiota and complement were both required for P. gingivalis-induced bone loss, as germ-free mice or conventionally raised C3a and C5a receptor-deficient mice did not develop bone loss after inoculation with P. gingivalis. These findings demonstrate that a single, low-abundance species can disrupt host-microbial homeostasis to cause inflammatory disease. The identification and targeting of similar low-abundance pathogens with community-wide impact may be important for treating inflammatory diseases of polymicrobial etiology.
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Studies using germ-free mice have demonstrated the role of diabetes in disrupting the equilibrium of the oral microbiota and confirmed the role of the oral microbiota in periodontal disease pathogenesis.
“Studies using germ‐free mice have also been employed in the context of the oral microbiome, demonstrating the role of diabetes in disrupting the equilibrium of the oral microbiota50 and confirming the role of the oral microbiota in periodontal disease pathogenesis.51, 52”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
Diseased periodontal tissues additionally store pro-inflammatory mediators associated with periodontitis.
“Diseased periodontal tissues additionally stores pro‐inflammatory mediators associated with periodontitis.51, 183, 202”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
The importance of commensal species to pathogenesis is further demonstrated by the requirement for commensal microbial communities in the instigation of disease by periodontal pathogens.
“The importance of commensal species to pathogenesis is further demonstrated by the requirement for commensal microbial communities in the instigation of disease by periodontal pathogens.51, 52”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
The integration of periodontal pathogens, even at low abundance, is able to alter the composition of the microbiota and results in destruction of periodontal tissues by inflammatory processes that they induce.
“The integration of periodontal pathogens, even at low abundance, is able to alter the composition of the microbiota and results in destruction of periodontal tissues by inflammatory processes that they induce.51”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
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Aptamer Based SPREETA Sensor for the Detection of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> G-Protein
Park, S.-G., Lee, H. J., Ji, T., Kim, K., & Ohk, S.-H. (2024) · Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.4014/jmb.2310.10042 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hajishengallis, G., Liang, S., Payne, M. A., Hashim, A., Jotwani, R., Eskan, M. A., McIntosh, M. L., Alsam, A., Kirkwood, K. L., Lambris, J. D., Darveau, R. P., & Curtis, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Louisville (US)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hajishengallis, George
- Darveau, Richard P.
- Curtis, Michael A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Host & Microbe
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-11
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 497-506
- ISSN
- 1931-3128 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3221781
- OpenAlex
- W2090443712
- Cited by
- 1,154
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 84 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 112 · 2019: 80 · 2018: 80 · 2017: 80 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 71 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 41
- FWCI
- 69.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 660 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Cell Host & Microbe (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM062134, R01GM062134)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI 068730, P01AI068730)
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01DE018292, DE-015254, R01DE015254, DE021580, R01DE018274, DE018274, DE018292, RC4DE021580, R01DE021423)
- National Center for Research Resources (P20RR017696)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Keywords
- Porphyromonas gingivalis, periodontitis, periodontal bone loss, complement system, C3a receptor, C5a receptor, host-microbe homeostasis, germ-free mice, dental plaque
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Complement System Proteins, Humans, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C3H, Periodontitis, Periodontium, Bacteroidaceae Infections, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Mice, Knockout, Biofilms, Mice, Metagenome
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