A tale of two tails: activation of DNA damage checkpoint kinase Mec1/ATR by the 9-1-1 clamp and by Dpb11/TopBP1
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The DNA damage and replication checkpoint kinase Mec1/ATR is a member of the PI3-kinase related kinases that function in response to various genotoxic stresses. The checkpoint clamp 9-1-1 (Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 in S. pombe and mammals; Ddc1-Rad17-Mec3 in S. cerevisiae) executes two distinct checkpoint functions. In S. cerevisiae, DNA-bound 9-1-1 directly activates Mec1 kinase activity, a function that has not been demonstrated in other organisms. A second, conserved activity of 9-1-1 is that of TopBP1/Cut5/Dpb11 recruitment to stalled replication sites; subsequent activation of Mec1/ATR is carried out by TopBP1/Cut5/Dpb11. Biochemical studies indicate that the mode of Mec1/ATR activation by S. cerevisiae 9-1-1 is analogous to activation by S. cerevisiae Dpb11 or by vertebrate TopBP1: activation is mediated by the intrinsically disordered C-terminal tail of each activator. The relative contributions made by multiple activators of Mec1/ATR are discussed.
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In human cells, the 9-1-1 complex cannot directly activate ATR but recruits TopBP1, which stimulates ATR.
“In human cells, the 9-1-1 complex is not able to directly activate ATR, but it is needed to recruit TopBP1 (the Dpb11 orthologue) which, in turn, stimulates ATR activity [24].”
From Mind the gap: keeping UV lesions in check (2011) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Navadgi-Patil, V. M., & Burgers, P. M.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Burgers, Peter M.
- ORCID
- Burgers, Peter M.
- Venue
- DNA Repair
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-09-02
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 996-1003
- ISSN
- 1568-7856 (ISSN-L)
- 1568-7864
- PMC
- PMC2725207
- OpenAlex
- W2108512963
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 5.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- DNA repair (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM083970, GM-32431, R01GM032431)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- DNA damage checkpoint, S-phase checkpoint, DNA replication stalling, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- MeSH terms
- DNA Damage, Enzyme Activation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Cell Cycle Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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