Physician-assisted suicide in psychiatry and loss of hope
Abstract
In the Netherlands, euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) are considered acceptable medical practices in specific circumstances. The majority of cases of euthanasia and PAS involve patients suffering from cancer. However, in 1994 the Dutch Supreme Court in the so-called Chabot-case ruled that "the seriousness of the suffering of the patient does not depend on the cause of the suffering", thereby rejecting a distinction between physical (or somatic) and mental suffering. This opened the way for further debate about the acceptability of PAS in cases of serious and refractory mental illness. An important objection against offering PAS to mentally ill patients is that this might reinforce loss of hope, and demoralization. Based on an analysis of a reported case, this argument is evaluated. It is argued that offering PAS to a patient with a mental illness who suffers unbearably, enduringly and without prospect of relief does not necessarily imply taking away hope and can be ethically acceptable.
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MAiD-MD can generate issues of transference and countertransference, particularly given the enduring relationship that some patients have with their healthcare professional.
“MAiD-MD can generate issues of transference and countertransference, in particular given the enduring relationship that some patients have with their healthcare professional [2, 28, 53, 59, 60, 71, 76].”
From Medical assistance in dying for people living with mental disorders: a qualitative thematic review (2023) · cites this paper as [71]
Because suffering is a personal experience, only the affected individuals can assess whether it is intolerable.
“Because suffering is a personal experience, only the affected individuals can assess whether it is intolerable.20,21”
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Christl, J., & Supprian, T. (2025) · Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie · doi:10.1007/s00391-024-02398-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Refractory Depression and the Right to Terminate Active Treatment
Sommer, B. R., & Raj, K. S. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32672-6_4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Trouble psychiatrique, souffrance réfractaire et aide active à mourir
Vachon, J., Mercy, P., Gasser, M., & Aubry, R. (2022) · Éthique & Santé · doi:10.1016/j.etiqe.2022.04.003 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Can the Depressed Appreciate the Choice to Die?
Bakhtiar, A. (2023) · Dialogue · doi:10.1017/s0012217323000161 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
What makes euthanasia justifiablePreprint
Bahník, Š., Vranka, M. A., & Trefná, K. (2019) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/n627v
Determination of Competency for High-Gravity Life-Death Decision-Making
Schultz, I. Z., Stewart, A., & Sepehry, A. A. (2019) · Psychological Injury and Law · doi:10.1007/s12207-019-09361-x
Favron‐Godbout, C., & Racine, É. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24432000
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- Authors
- Berghmans, R., Widdershoven, G., & Widdershoven-Heerding, I.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Widdershoven, Guy
- ORCID
- Widdershoven, Guy
- Venue
- International Journal of Law and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 5-6
- Pages
- 436-443
- ISSN
- 0160-2527 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1999190166
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Law and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics and bioethics in healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
- Keywords
- physician-assisted suicide, euthanasia, hopelessness, demoralization, psychological suffering
- MeSH terms
- Mental Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Netherlands, Physician-Patient Relations, Psychiatry, Stress, Psychological, Suicide, Assisted, Bioethical Issues, Value of Life, Hope
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