The role of trauma-related distractors on neural systems for working memory and emotion processing in posttraumatic stress disorder
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The relevance of emotional stimuli to threat and survival confers a privileged role in their processing. In PTSD, the ability of trauma-related information to divert attention is especially pronounced. Information unrelated to the trauma may also be highly distracting when it shares perceptual features with trauma material. Our goal was to study how trauma-related environmental cues modulate working memory networks in PTSD. We examined neural activity in participants performing a visual working memory task while distracted by task-irrelevant trauma and non-trauma material. Recent post-9/11 veterans were divided into a PTSD group (n=22) and a trauma-exposed control group (n=20) based on the Davidson trauma scale. Using fMRI, we measured hemodynamic change in response to emotional (trauma-related) and neutral distraction presented during the active maintenance period of a delayed-response working memory task. The goal was to examine differences in functional networks associated with working memory (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and lateral parietal cortex) and emotion processing (amygdala, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and fusiform gyrus). The PTSD group showed markedly different neural activity compared to the trauma-exposed control group in response to task-irrelevant visual distractors. Enhanced activity in ventral emotion processing regions was associated with trauma distractors in the PTSD group, whereas activity in brain regions associated with working memory and attention regions was disrupted by distractor stimuli independent of trauma content. Neural evidence for the impact of distraction on working memory is consistent with PTSD symptoms of hypervigilance and general distractibility during goal-directed cognitive processing.
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Results of some prior research point to increased amygdala activity among PTSD patients.
“the results of some prior research point to increased amygdala activity (Etkin and Wager, 2007;Morey et al., 2009;Murrough et al., 2011) among PTSD patients.”
From Neuroimaging research in posttraumatic stress disorder – Focus on amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (2019) · cites this paper as Morey et al., 2009
Experiencing trauma-related distractor stimuli disrupts working memory networks in patients with PTSD.
“Imaging studies have shown that experiencing trauma-related distractor stimuli disrupts working memory networks in patients with PTSD146.”
From Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function (2009) · cites this paper as [146]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Morey, R. A., Dolcos, F., Petty, C. M., Cooper, D. A., Hayes, J. P., LaBar, K. S., & McCarthy, G.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Durham VA Health Care System (US)
- Emory University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Morey, Rajendra A.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-05
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 809-817
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2684984
- OpenAlex
- W2168676931
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 13.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH073091)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, working memory, emotional distraction, attention, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, amygdala, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, fusiform gyrus, veterans, hypervigilance, distractibility, emotional stimuli
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amygdala, Emotions, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Middle Aged, Nerve Net, Parietal Lobe, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Wounds and Injuries, Case-Control Studies, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult
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